体育用品论文：宁波体育用品制造业集群现象及发展模式研究.doc

体育用品论文：宁波体育用品制造业集群现象及发展模式研究【中文摘要】为了了解和掌握目前宁波体育用品制造业在产业结构、企业结构、产品类型等有关发展情况,本研究中对宁波、慈溪、奉化等体育用品制造企业比较集中地区的30家企业经营者进行了问卷调查,并走访了各地的文体局相关专家。调查研究发现,目前,慈溪是钓鱼用品、运动鞋和轮滑鞋的主要生产区,鄞州和奉化是运动服装的主要生产区。改革开放以来,宁波的体育用品制得到了快速的发展,但也存在很多问题,如:企业规模较小,不能形成规模效应;品牌意识差,产品附加值低;研发投入少,产品科技含量低;产业链不够完善等。面对这些问题和激烈市场竞争产业集群成为了宁波体育用品制造业的最佳选择。调查发现目前宁波在企业集聚、企业根植性、专业分工和互动以及其他支持体系方面已经具备了一定了集群条件。因此,根据相关产业集群理论本文对宁波体育用品制造业集群发展提出了三种发展模式:加工与创新并重的零散式集群模式、研发型的网络式集群模式以及以龙头企业为中心的集群发展模式。通过分析研究,本研究最终得出以下结论:宁波体育用品制造业已经有了一些明显的集群现象,但是其企业结构与产业链还不够完善。加快整合提升集群化发展,打造区域性品牌是当前宁波体育用品制造业最紧迫的任务之一。综合对宁波体育用品制造业发展具体分析,本研究对其提出以下建议:加强企业间联系合作,建立产业集群内产品研发、市场开发中心和信息平台;注重产品质量,提升产品档次;实施名牌战略,提高产品附加值;实施人才战略;加速相关产业链的整合;加强政府支持力度,构建良好的政策环境;依托宁波会展业的繁荣,提升体育用品的制造水平和市场竞争力。【英文摘要】In order to understand and master the industrial structure, enterprise structure, product type and other relevant developments of Ningbo sporting goods manufacturing industry in the current, conducted a survey of thirty business operators in the areas of Ningbo Cixi Fenghua and other regions in this study and interviewed experts from around the Style Council. Surveys have found Cixi is the main production areas of fishing supplies, sport shoes and roller skatesYinzhou and Fenghua is the main production areas of sportswear. Sporting goods industry has been rapid developed since the reform and opening up in Ningbo; Howeve; there are many problems ,for example: businesses can not form a scale effect because of its smaller scale; poor awareness of brand; low value-added of products, small investment of the invention; low technology content of products; economic industrial chain is not perfect etc.Industrial clusters become the best choice of Ningbo Sports Goods faced with these problems and intense competition in the market. The survey found that gather in the enterprise, the enterprise rooted, professional division of labor and interaction, and other support systems already have a certain cluster conditions at the present circumstances in Ningbo.This article proposed three development models in the development of Sports Goods : the sporadic-type cluster mdoel of both processing and innovation,the network cluster of the invention and with the large enterprise as the center of the cluster.Manufacturing Industry in Ningbo according to the relevant industrial cluster theory; the study ultimately concluded that as follows through the analysis, Ningbo Sports Goods have been some significant Clusters but its corporate structure and the industrial chain is still not perfect. Currently; speed up the integration to enhance cluster development and create a regional brand is one of the most urgent tasks of sports Goods Manufacturing Industry in Ningbo.This article made the following recommendations by specific analyzing development of sports Goods Manufacturing Industry in Ningbo. Strengthen cooperation between enterprises; established product development and market development center of industrial clusters and information platform; focus on product quality; enhance product quality; implement brand strategy; increase value-added products; implement talent strategy; accelerate the integration of related industrial chain; strengthen government support; building a good policy environment, enhanced the level and market competitiveness relying on the prosperity of the exhibition industry in Ningbo.【关键词】体育用品 制造业 集群 现状 模式【英文关键词】Sporting goods Manufacturing Industrial clusters Present situation Mode【目录】宁波体育用品制造业集群现象及发展模式研究摘要4-5Abstract5-6引言10-111 前言11-281.1 研究背景111.2 研究意义11-121.3 相关概念界定12-151.3.1 体育用品121.3.2 体育用品制造业121.3.3 体育用品制造业分类12-141.3.4 产业集群14-151.4 相关研究回顾15-221.4.1 体育用品制造业15-161.4.2 国内外产业集群研究16-181.4.3 体育用品制造业集群18-191.4.4 国内外关于集群模式的研究19-221.5 集群模式研究的理论支撑22-231.5.1 马歇尔产业集群理论221.5.2 韦伯产业集群理论221.5.3 波特产业集群理论22-231.6 产业集群的特征及其支持体系23-281.6.1 产业集群的特征23-251.6.2 产业集群的支持体系25-282 研究对象与方法28-312.1 研究对象282.2 研究方法28-312.2.1 文献资料法282.2.2 问卷调查法28-302.2.3 访谈法302.2.4 数理统计法30-313 宁波体育用品制造业现状及存在的问题分析31-373.1 宁波体育用品制造业现状分析31-353.1.1 区域分布与主要产品31-333.1.2 单位规模与经营类型333.1.3 经营者与从业人员情况333.1.4 产品研发与质量检测机构33-343.1.5 原材料供应与产品销售34-353.2 宁波体育用品制造业存在的问题35-373.2.1 缺少规模企业和品牌产品353.2.2 产品同类或同质率较高353.2.3 研发投入少，产品技术含量低35-363.2.4 缺少高素质的专业化人才363.2.5 行业协会力量薄弱363.2.6 产业集群化程度低36-374 宁波体育用品制造业集群现象分析37-404.1 企业的地理位置和空间的集中37-384.2 企业的根植性强384.3 产业分工专业化但又有互动性38-405 宁波体育用品制造业的发展模式40-445.1 宁波体育用品制造业集群发展的支持体系40-415.2 宁波体育用品制造业的发展模式41-446