2019_2020学年高中英语Unit24Society单元检测北师大版选修8.docx

第二十四单元检测(时间:100分钟满分:120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AThere have been great changes in the lives of women.During the twentieth century there was an unusual shortening of the time of a womans life spent in caring for children.A woman getting married at the end of the 19th century would probably have been in her middle twenties,and would be likely to have seven or eight children,of whom four or five lived till they were five years old.By the time the youngest was fifteen,the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years,during which custom,chance and health made it unusual for her to get paid work.Today women marry younger and have fewer children.Usually a womans youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five and is likely to take paid work until retirement at sixty.Even while she has to look after children,her work is lightened by household appliances(家用电器)and convenience foods.This important change in womens way of life has only recently begun to have its full effect on womens economic position.Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity and most of them took a full-time job.However,when they married,they usually left work at once and never returned to it.Today the school-leaving age is sixteen;many girls stay at school after that age,and though women tend to marry younger,more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born.Many more afterwards,return to full or part-time work.Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage,with both husband and wife accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfaction of family life,and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money and running the home,according to the abilities and interest of them.1According to the passage,around the year 1890 most women married .A.at about twenty-fiveB.in their early fiftiesC.as soon as possible after they were fifteenD.at any age from fifteen to forty-five解析根据第一段第三句“Awomangettingmarriedattheendofthe19thcenturywouldprobablyhavebeeninhermiddletwenties.”可知答案为A项。答案A2We are told that in an average family in 1890 .A.many children died before they were fiveB.the youngest child would be fifteenC.seven or eight children lived to be more than fiveD.four or five children died when they were five解析根据第一段第三句“.ofwhomfourorfivelivedtilltheywerefiveyearsold.”可推知答案为D项。答案D3When she was over fifty,the late 19th century mother .A.would expect to work until she diedB.was usually expected to take up paid employmentC.would be healthy enough to take up paid employmentD.was unlikely to find a job like the mother nowadays解析根据第一段中的“.themotherwouldhavebeeninherearlyfiftiesand.madeitunusualforhertogetpaidwork.Today.whensheisforty-fiveandislikelytotakepaidworkuntilretirementatsixty.”可知答案为D项。答案D4Many girls,the passage says,are now likely to .A.marry so that they can get a jobB.leave school as soon as they canC.give up their jobs for good after they are marriedD.continue working until they are going to have a baby解析根据第二段中的“.Todaytheschool-leavingageissixteen.moremarriedwomenstayatworkatleastuntilshortlybeforetheirfirstchildisborn.”可知答案为D项。答案DB(导学号51860028)Happiness is contagious,researchers reported on Thursday.People with the most social connectionsspouses,friends,neighbours and relativeswere also the happiest,the data showed.“Each additional happy person makes you happier,” Christakis said.“Imagine that I am connected to you and you are connected to others and others are connected to still others.It is this fabric of humanity,like an American patch quilt.”Each person sits on a different coloured patch.“Imagine that these patches are happy and unhappy patches.Your happiness depends on what is going on in the patch around you,” Christakis said.“It is not just happy people connecting with happy people,which they do.Above and beyond,there is this contagious process going on.”And happiness is more contagious than unhappiness,they discovered.“If a social contact is happy,it increases the likelihood that you are happy by 15 percent,” Fowler said.“A friend of a friend,or the friend of a spouse or a sibling(兄弟姐妹),if they are happy,increases your chances by 10 percent,” he added.A happy third degree friendthe friend of a friend of a friendincreases a persons chances of being happy by 6 percent.“But every extra unhappy friend increases the likelihood that youll be unhappy by 7 percent,” Fowler said.The finding is interesting and it is useful,too,Fowler said.“Among other benefits,happiness has been shown to have an important effect on reduced mortality(死亡率),pain reduction,and improved cardiac(心脏的)function.So better understanding of how happiness spreads can help us learn how to promote a healthier society,” he said.The study also fits in with other data suggested in 1984 that having $5,000 extra increased a persons chances of becoming happier by about 2 percent.“A happy friend is worth about $20,000,” Christakis said.5According to the research,your happiness .A.has nothing to do with your workmates or schoolmatesB.has something to do with anyone who has a close relationship with youC.depends on those who are in favour of you or are against youD.has little to do with what social connections you have解析推理判断题。根据第二段、第三段内容可知,快乐感会不断传递和扩散,你的配偶、朋友、邻居、亲戚等的快乐指数会直接影响你的快乐程度,故选B项。答案B6The underlined word “contagious” in the first paragraph means “”.A.infectious B.beautifulC.effectiveD.prior解析词义猜测题。第一句是全文的主题句。由文章第二、三、四三段可知,快乐感可以在人们之间传播,故contagious的意思是“有感染力的,有传染性的”。答案A7It can be inferred that.A.happiness spreads as fast and widely as unhappinessB.unhappiness spreads faster and more widely than happinessC.happiness spreads faster and more widely than unhappinessD.the spread of unhappiness has not been studied by researchers解析推理判断题。根据第六段“Andhappinessismorecontagiousthanunhappiness,theydiscovered.”一句可推知选C项。答案C8What does Christakis mean by saying “A happy friend is worth about $20,000”?A.A happy friend can help you bring in a wealth of $20,000.B.A happy friend is a wealth which is worth about $20,000.C.A happy friend increases your chances of being happy by 2%.D.A happy friend increases your chances of being happy by 8%.解析句意理解题。结合上一段中的“thathaving$5,000extraincreasedapersonschancesofbecominghappierbyabout2percent”可知,一个快乐的朋友带给你的快乐相当于大约$20,000带给你的快乐,也就是$5,000的四倍,即一个快乐的朋友给你带来快乐的几率为8%,故选D项。答案DCWhen you turn on the radio,you hear an advertisement.When you watch television,you hear and see an advertisement.If you turn the pages of a newspaper or magazine,again you find an advertisement.If you walk down the street,you see one advertising board after another.All day,every day,people who want to sell you something compete to catch your attention.As a result,advertisements are almost everywhere.In the West,advertisements are the fuel that makes mass media work.Many TV stations,newspapers,magazines,radio stations are privately owned.The government does not give them money.So where does the money come from?From advertisements.Without advertisements,there would not be these private businesses. Have you ever asked yourself what advertising is?Through the years,people have given different answers to the question.For some people the advertising was a means of keeping your name before the public.And some people thought that advertising was “truth well told”.Now more and more people describe it in this way:advertising is the paid,non-personal,and usually persuasive(有说服力的)description of goods,services and ideas by identified sponsors(明确的出资者)through various media.First,advertising is usually paid for.Various sponsors pay for the advertisements we see,read,and hear over the various media.Second,advertising is non-personal.It is not face-to-face communication.Although you may feel that a message in a certain advertisement is aimed directly at you,in reality,it is directed at large groups of people.Third,advertising is usually persuasive.Directly or indirectly it tells people to do something.All advertisements try to make people believe that the product,idea,or service advertised can do good to them.Fourth,the sponsor of the advertisement must be identified.From the advertisement,we can see if the sponsor is a company,or an organization,or an individual.Fifth,advertising reaches us through traditional and non-traditional mass media.Included in the traditional media are newspapers,magazines,radio,television,and films.Non-traditional media include the mail,matchbox covers,and billboards.9The existence of the privately owned mass media depends financially on .A.the governmentB.their owners familiesC.advertisementsD.the audience解析细节理解题。第二段提到“TVstations,newspapers,magazines,radiostations”等私营的大众传媒的资金来源于广告。答案C10According to the passage,who are most probably paying for the advertisements?A.Companies.B.Organizations.C.Individuals.D.All of the above.解析推理判断题。从最后一段中的“Fromtheadvertisement,wecanseeifthesponsorisacompany,oranorganization,oranindividual.”可以找到答案。答案D11Which of the following is considered non-traditional mass media?A.Newspapers.B.The mail.C.Magazines.D.Films.解析细节理解题。由文章最后一句“Non-traditionalmediaincludethemail,matchboxcovers,andbillboards.”可知B项正确。答案B12According to the passage,which of the following statements about the features of advertisements is NOT true?A.Advertising must be honest and amusing.B.Advertising is meant for large groups of people.C.Advertising tells people to do something directly or indirectly.D.The sponsors are always mentioned in the advertisements.解析推理判断题。B、C、D三项在短文中已提到,A项未提及。故选A项。答案ADI was very disappointed not to be able to go to the jazz concert last Friday.The advertisement in the paper said that you could buy tickets at the theatre box in Richland Hills any day between 10:00 and 4:00.Since I work from 9:00 to 5:30,the only time I could go to the theatre was during my 45-minute lunch break.Unfortunately,the theatre is on the other side of the town,and the bus service between my office and Richland Hills is not very good.But if you are lucky,you can make the round trip in 45 minutes.Last Monday,I stood at the bus stop for fifteen minutes waiting for the bus.By the time I saw one come around the corner,there was not enough time left to make the trip.So I gave up and went back to the office.The same thing happened on Tuesday,and again the next day.On Thursday,my luck changed.I got on a bus right away and arrived at the theatre in exactly twenty minutes.When I got there,however,I found a long line of people at the office.I heard one man say he had been waiting in line for over an hour.Realizing I would not have enough time to wait in line,I caught the next bus and headed back across the town.By Friday I realized my only hope was to make the trip by taxi;it was expensive,but I felt it would be worth hearing the concert.The trip by taxi only took 10 minutes,but it felt like an hour to me.When I got to the theatre,I was relieved to see that nobody was waiting in line.The reason,however,I quickly discovered,was that they had already sold all the tickets.13The author tried to go to the theatre every day but managed to get there only .A.onceB.twiceC.three timesD.four times解析星期一、二、三没去,周四去了发现买票的人太多,周五坐出租车去了,但票已卖完,共去过两次。答案B14The underlined word “relieved” may best be replaced by “”.A.surprisedB.pleasedC.puzzledD.sorry解析上次来,白跑一趟;这次来,见没有人排队,以为可以顺利买到票了,可见relieved意思是“感到高兴的”。答案B15The author mainly shows us his.A.enjoyment of the concertB.anger for buying the ticketC.efforts to buy the ticketD.disappointment at the concert解析文章讲述作者买音乐会门票的曲折过程及所做的努力,没有提到喜欢或不喜欢这次音乐会。答案C第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(导学号51860029)16.People use money to buy food,furniture,books,bicycles and hundreds of other things they need or want.When they work,they usually get paid in money.Most of the money today is made of metal or paper.17.One of the first kinds of money was shells.Shells were not the only things used as money.In China,cloth and knives were used.In the Philippine Islands,rice was used as money for a long time.Elephant tusks,monkey tails and salt were used as money in parts of Africa.The first metal coins were made in China.They were round and had a square hole in the center.18.Different countries have used different metals and designs for their money.19. Sweden and Russia used copper to make their money.Later some countries began to make coins of gold and silver.But even gold and silver were inconvenient if you had to buy something expensive.Again the Chinese thought of a way to improve money.20. The first paper money looked more like a note from one person to another than the paper money used today.Money has had an interesting history from the days of shell money until today.A.They began to use paper money.B.Money,as we all know,is made of paper.C.The first coins in England were made of tin.D.But people used to use all kinds of things as money.E.No one knows for certain when people began to use money.F.People strung them together and carried them from place to place.G.Today anyone will accept money in exchange for goods and services.答案16.G17.D18.F19.C20.A第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Everyone wants to win.However,any time two teams or kids are 21each other in a game or contest,someone will lose.Kids lose in small ways,like in a 22 of chess,but they also might face losing in 23 ways,like when their team loses a championship game.Losing is 24,so its not surprising that kids dont like it.Adults dont like it,either,but everyone can learn to 25 how they react to a loss.In other words,what should you do when you lose?The hard part is that sometimes you might react before you even 26 it.For example,you are competing with another team,and they 27 easily.There they are celebrating on the field while you burst into 28.You probably dont want to be crying right now,even though its OK that you feel 29.The 30 thing is what you do next.Do you say anything bad about the other team just 31 they win?No!The best thing to do is to try to 32 yourself and work together with your 33 so you can defeat(打败)the third team.The losing team may not 34 it was such a good game,but this experience often 35 everyone how to be a good athlete.If you feel like crying or you want to 36 about the game,you can do that but its best to do it off the 37 and after youve had a chance to 38.After a little time passes,you might not feel as39 as you were when the game 40.21A.facingB.helpingC.leavingD.missing解析根据“inagameorcontest”可知这里是指“面对”你的对手。答案A22A.playB.gameC.speechD.lesson解析根据“Kidsloseinsmallways”可知这里是指小孩在一些“游戏”中输掉。答案B23A.strangerB.fartherC.longerD.bigger解析根据“likewhentheirteamlosesachampionshipgame”可知他们也有可能输得“更大”。答案D24A.uselessB.unnecessaryC.disappointingD.surprising解析根据“soitsnotsurprisingthatkidsdontlikeit”可知这里是指输是“让人失望的”。答案C25A.understandB.controlC.expressD.explain解析根据“Inotherwords,whatshouldyoudowhenyoulose?”可知前面是指每个人可以“控制”对输的反应。答案B26A.allowB.hideC.realizeD.get解析根据后面的语境描述可知这里是指在你“意识到”做出反应之前就已经做出了反应。答案C27A.quitB.winC.developD.shout解析根据后面的“Theretheyarecelebratingonthefield”可知这里是指那一队很容易就“赢”了比赛。答案B28A.tearsB.laughterC.joyD.anger解析根据“Youprobablydontwanttobecrying”可知这里是指你开始掉“眼泪”。答案A29A.relaxedB.excitedC.sadD.nervous解析别人赢了比赛,作为失败的一方,你应该感到“伤心”。答案C30A.interestingB.pleasantC.difficultD.important解析这里是指掉眼泪后该做的事情才是更“重要的”事情。答案D31A.beforeB.becauseC.ifD.unless解析你有没有“因为”别人赢了而说他们的坏话呢?答案B32A.findB.displeaseC.refuseD.collect解析“我们”不应该沉浸在暂时失败的痛苦中,“我们”应该“镇定下来”。collectoneself在这里意为“镇定下来”。答案D33A.teammatesB.parentsC.classmatesD.friends解析根据“worktogetherwith”可知这里是指和你的“队友”合力打败第三队。答案A34A.suggestB.requireC.thinkD.dream解析输掉比赛的那一队因为带着不好的情绪,可能“认为”这不是一场好的比赛。答案C35A.choosesB.teachesC.scoldsD.asks解析这里是指这种经历可以“教会”人们如何成为一个经得起输的人。答案B36A.complainB.hearC.learnD.know解析根据“Ifyoufeellikecryingor”可知这里是指如果你想哭,或者想“抱怨”这场比赛。答案A37A.houseB.placeC.fieldD.time解析你想哭或者想抱怨这场比赛,都是可以的,但最好要下了“比赛场地”才可以这么做。答案C38A.turn upB.take offC.cool downD.grow up解析这里是指等你“冷静”下来后。答案C39A.upsetB.calmC.boredD.worried解析等你冷静下来后,你或许就不会感到那么“难过”了。答案A40A.succeededB.improvedC.disappearedD.ended解析这里是指比赛“结束”的时候。答案D第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(导学号51860030)When Jack was a small boy,he was once asked to give a speech about “A Big Challenge in My Life”.He was 41.(terrible) shy the moment he thought of so many eyes 42.(stare)at him.He had no other 43.(choose),though.First Jack was to draft the speech,which was just a piece of cake for him because he was a good writer.But the hard part 44.(lie)in his oral presentation,for it was not allowed to read from the paper.He had to give the speech 45. his memory and in front of such a big audience!A real trial began when Jack stood on the platform with his legs trembling and his mind blank.How much time had passed by,he didnt know.His listeners were still waiting patiently and without any signs of laughing.Gradually he found himself back,46.(give)out his speech without much difficulty.After what seemed to be a hundred years,he found the audience applauding.He made 47.!From then on,his fear of talking before an audience disappeared.Actually with his confidence 48.(build) up,Jack now turns out to be a great speaker.As we know,the greater difficulty we meet on our way to 49.(succeed),the 50. likely we wi