英语十六时态表格总结.doc

定义时间状语结构一般疑问句否定句形式 1、一般现在时经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。often, usually, always, sometimes, everyday(week,month),once a week,on Mondays, etc.1.be动词2.行为动词主语+be+其他1.把动词be放于句首。2.用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时还原为动词原形。1.am/is/are+not2.此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont；若主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt，同时还原行为动词。2、现在进行时表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作或状态。now, at this time, these days, etc.主语+am/ is/ are +doing把be动词放在句首。主语+am/ is/ are +not +doing3、一般过去时过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态； 过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。ago, yesterday, last week(month, year), in 2000, just now, one day, long long ago, etc.1. was/were2.行为动词过去式1.把was或 were放于句首。2.用助动词did提问，同时还原为动词原形。1.主语+was/were+ not2. 在行为动词前加do在其前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。4、过去进行时表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的动作或行为。at this time yesterday或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。主语+was/ were+ doing把was或were放在句首。主语+was/ were+ not+ doing5、现在完成时过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的一向或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。 already, yet, just, ever, never, before, recently，in the past few years, 等，及由for或since引导的时间状语。have/ has +done把have或has放在句首。have/ has +not+ done6、一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。tomorrow，tomorrow morning/afternoon, the day after tomorrow ，next Sunday/week/year/month， soon, in a few days minutes, etc1.be going to +do2.will shalldo1.be放在句首。2.will/shall提到句首。1.be going tonot+ do2.will shallnot+ do7、过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作或情况。表示“过去的过去”by, before等构成的过去时间短语连用或用于when, before, until等引导的从句中。由said, asked, told, thought等引导的宾语从句中，had+ done had放于句首。had+ not+ done8、过去将来时表示在过去的某个时候看来将要发生的动作或者存在的状态。The next day(morning, year), the following month (week),etc.1.would+do2.was/ were going to +do1.would 提到句首。2.was 或were放于句首。1.would+not+do2.was/were +not+ going to +do 9、一般过去将来时立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中The next day(morning,Year)The following month(week) etc1,Was/were+going to+do2,would/should+do+其他Was/were放于句首，would/should提到句首1，Was/were+not+going to+do2，would/should+not+do10、过去将来进行时就过去某一时间而言，将来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作，主要用于宾语从句中，多用于间接引语 Shoud/would+be+现在分词 例句：They said they would be comingHe said he could not come because he would be having a meeting11、将来完成时在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态By the time of,by the end of+时间短语（将来） by the time+从句（将来）主语+be going to/will/shall+shall+have+p,p(过去分词)+其他 例句：By the time you get back,great changes will have taken place in this area12、过去将来完成时过去某一时间对将来某一时刻以前所会发生的动作，常用在虚拟语气中，表示与过去的事实相反 Should/would have done sth 例句：I thought youd have left by this timeHe told them he would have finished it by 8 oclock13、现在完成进行时从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作，这一动作可能刚刚开始，也可能仍然在继续，并可能延续到将来Since+时间点， for+时间段Hanv/has+been+doing+其他 例句：I have been sitting here for an hour The children have been watching TV since six oclock.14、过去完成进行时某正在进行的动作或状态，持续到过去某个时刻，还未完成，一直持续到之后的当前才结束特殊含义：1，尚未完成：He had been writing the novel 他已经在写小说了（他没写完）2,企图：He had been studying the meaning of this proverb他曾今学习过这个谚语（他曾经努力学习过他）3，未得结果：We had been studying what our enemy had said 我们一直致力于敌人所说的（但是我们没有理解） had+been+doing+其他4，最近情况:He had been quarrelling with his wife.他和他的妻子吵了一场架。（最近）5，反复动作：He had been asking me the same question.他一直问我相同的问题（屡次） 例句：She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the examHad they been expecting the news for some time?6，情绪：What had he been doing?他做了什么（不耐烦）15、将来完成时表示动作从某一时间开始一直延续到将来某一时间。是否继续下去，要视上下文而定。 Shall/will have been doing 例句：I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year 16、过去将来完成时表示从过去某时看至未来某时以前会一直在进行的动作。 Should/would+have+been+现在分词 例句：He told me that by the end of the year he would have been living there for thirty years.过去完成时态练习题一.用动词的适当形式填空1. We _ (paint) the house before we _ (move) in.2. That rich old man _ (make) a will before he _ (die).3. They _ (study) the map of the country before they _ (leave).4. The robbers _ (run away ) before the policemen_ (arrive).5. I _ (turn off) all the lights before I _ (go) to bed.6. Paul _ (go) out with Jane after he _ (make) a phone call.7. Tom _ (say) he _ (read) the book twice.8. Our plan _ (fail ) because we _ (make) a bad mistake.9. When the chairman _ (finish) speaking, he _ (leave)the hall.10.The Reads _ _ (have) lunch when I _(get) to their house.11.When I _(arrive) at the station, he _(leave).12.We _(learn) about 4000 English words by the end of last term.13. I waited until he _(finish) his homework.14. We were surprised at what she _already _(do)15.She _(not go) to Qingdao because she _ (be) there before.16. He _(not tell) you the news yet. 17. He said he _already_(give) the book to the teacher.18. I _(be) to Shanghai before. 19. She told me she _(be) to Sanya three times.20.She _(play) the guitar while her sister_(sing).二句型转换1I had sold the ticket when she came.（改否定句） 2.She had sung a song to us before she danced.（改否定句） 3.They began to climb the mountain after they had bought all the food and drinks.（否定） 4.By 10:00 a.m, I had been very hungry. （改一般疑问） 5.Lucy had already completed the project when I arrived.（改一般疑问） 6.By the time he got to the airport, the plane had taken off. （改一般疑问） 7.He had broken his arm when I saw him.（对划线部分提问） 8.When he had read the note, he ate it. （对划线部分提问） 9.Jack didnt go to the cinema because he had seen the film. （对划线部分提问） 10.We had had the toys for ten years before we gave them to the child. （对划线部分提问） 11.She had written the book by the end of 1960. （对划线部分提问） 12.We cooked the dumplings. We ate them up. （用过去完成时连接两句） 13.Jims father mended the car. It was broken. （用过去完成时连接两句） 14.We had our tests. Then we had a long holiday.( 用过去完成时连接两句)After we _, we _ 15.He showed us the picture. Then he showed us around the house. 用过去完成时连接两句)Before he _, he_.练习二一、单选1 When Li Ming hurried home， he found that his mother _already_to hospital. A has； been sent B had； sent C has； sent D had； been sent2 We _five English songs by the end of last term. A had learned B learned C have learned D will have learned3 Han Mei told me she _lunch， so she was very hungry. A has had B hasnt have C have had D hadnt had4 By the end of 1976， many buildings _built in the city. A have been B have C had been D will5 She _her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _home. A has left； comes B had left； would come C had left； came D left； had come6 He said that it was at least ten years since I _a good drink. A had enjoyed B was enjoying C have enjoyed D have been enjoying7 The meeting _when Mr. Wang _to school. A has begun；get B has been on；get C had begun；got D had been on；got二、填空1 When I returned home， he _ （leave）。2 By ten yesterday evening， she _（finish）writing.3 He _ （study） English for five years before he came here.4 It _ _ （stop） raining when I wake up this morning.5 I _ （not read） the book because I had read it before.6 She said she_ （be） born in 1992.7 When he _（come） to China two years ago he found people didnt understand him at all though he _（learn） some Chinese in his own country.8 I saw Han Mei yesterday. We _（not see） each other since left Beijing.9 When I got to his home， he_（go） to bed.10 She asked if Mr. Liu _ already _（come） back.将来完成时练习题1. By the end of this year ,I _enough money for a