湖北省赤壁市高考英语一轮阅读理解基础题一.doc

湖北省赤壁市2017高考英语一轮阅读理解基础题一阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013福建省毕业班质检，b)the “give it up for earth day” encourages people to commit to giving up actions that are harmful to the environment, such as using poisonous cleaners.throughout the month of april, canadians are being asked to “give it up for earth day！” earth day has been celebrated every year on april 22 since 1970. earth day canada president jed goldberg says that as people become more environmentally aware, they want to find ways to reduce their environmental influence, not just celebrate one special event.“earth day is a great launching_pad for thinking about environmental action every day，” said goldberg. “choosing healthier options, even for the short term, can lead to thinking about the influence of our decisions for a lifetime.”thats the reason behind the “give it up for earth day” campaign. its designed to encourage healthy habits that benefit people and the planet. it challenges everyone to help create a healthier world by making changes in their daily routine.“we wanted to plan an actiontargeted campaign that will give people a chance to act on their concern for the environment in a positive way，” said goldberg.the campaign has identified four daily actions that can add up to huge environmental savings. they include pledging (保证) to turn off the tv, give up the use of poisonous cleaners, reduce consumption of consumer products and cut out meat.at the end of april, all of the pledges will be recorded and converted (转化) into the number of tv hours not watched, dollars not spent on unnecessary items, electricity saved, greenhouse gas emissions (排放) avoided by cutting out meat, and poisonous chemicals produced from homes and landfills.“what were trying to achieve this year for earth day is to give people a chance to do something that is meaningful and measurable，” said goldberg.文章大意：4月22日是世界地球日，活动“give it up for earth day”倡导人们在地球日这一天为保护环境做一些有意义、行之有效的事情。1the aim of the campaign mentioned in the passage is to _.aenable people to save more money for future usebhelp people develop environmentally friendly habitscprevent people from making changes in their daily routinedwarn people against reducing consumption of consumer products答案：b细节理解题。根据文章第四段第二句“its designed to encourage healthy habits that benefit people and the planet.”可知，答案b符合文义。2the underlined word “launching pad” (in paragraph 3) probably means “_”astarting point bfinishing linecexchanging stage dreforming stage答案：a词义猜测题。画线词所在句意为：地球日是一个引发人们开始对人类日常活动对环境所造成的影响进行思考的起点，由此结合上文“. they want to find ways to reduce their environmental influence, not just celebrate one special event.”和下文中“can lead to thinking about.”可推知，答案a符合文义。finishing line终点线；exchanging stage交流平台；reforming stage改革舞台，均不符合文义，故排除。3we can conclude from the passage that _.aearth day was first celebrated over half a century agobshort term decisions will by no means influence our livescearth day canada is actually an everyday environmental actionddaily actions must be measured to benefit the environment答案：d推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二、三段的整体理解并结合文章最后一句中的“meaningful and measurable”可以推知，我们应该以对环境的影响好坏为标准来判断日常行为是否可行。由此可知，答案d符合文义。4which disagrees with the spirit of “give it up for earth day”？aswitching off tv.briding bikes.cusing poisonous cleaners.dsaving electricity.答案：c细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段的第二句“they include pledging (保证) to turn off the tv, give up the use of poisonous cleaners.”可知，答案c符合文义。2016高考阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。as we enjoy the summer ocean waves along the beaches, we may think nervously about steven spielbergs jaws and the great fear that sharks inspire in us. yet we are happy to see global efforts to protect the declining number of sharks. the world has realized that we need the species, like sharks, to keep a balanced ecosystem.sharks, in particular, are “in” these days. thanks to good public policy and famous stars such as jackie chan and ang lee, killing sharks for fin soup is no longer cool.the demand for shark fins has been rising for decades, threatening sharks with extinction - up to 100 million sharks are killed each year just for their fins. but we have started to reverse the trend, particularly in many areas of the united states and overseas where restaurants once proudly provided delicious shark fins on the menu.in california, a ban on the sale and possession of shark fin soup has gone into effect this year through the efforts of wild aid and other organizations.overseas marketing and public efforts featuring posters on public transportation systems and tv ads have been underway for the past few years. these efforts all show signs of success, on both the supply side and the demand side of trade in shark fins. actually, stopping the killing of sharks is part of a broader movement to stop the killing of wild animals and the buying and selling of wildlife products. these products come from hunting elephants, tigers and rhinos, besides killing marine life.whether it is shark fin soup or ivory piano keys, killing animals is big business. the hunting of elephants in search of ivory tusks for luxury（奢侈的）goods has become a full-scale war. the decrease of african elephant populations is alarming. together with international partners, the united states is leading the worldwide effort to reduce demand for high-end products that rely on killing animals. 1. the underlined word “reverse” in paragraph 3 probably means _. a. follow b. keep c. change d. show 2. from the passage, we know _. a. a lot of wild animals have been killed for products b. jackie chan and ang lee make fin soup popular c. steven spielbergs jaws inspires us to protect sharks d. the number of african elephants has been increased3. what can we infer from the passage? a. people have kicked the habit of having shark fin soup. b. shark fins will not be available any more in restaurants. c. global efforts have succeeded in stopping killing wild animals. d. more animals for high-end products will be saved.参考答案13、cad 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。diana jacobs thought her family had a workable plan to pay for college for her 21-year-old twin sons: a combination of savings, income, scholarships, and a modest amount of borrowing. then her husband lost his job, and the plan fell apart. “i have two kids in college, and i want to say come home, but at the same time i want to provide them with a good education,” says jacobs.the jacobs family did work out a solution: they asked and received more aid form the schools, and each son increased his borrowing to the maximum amount through the federal loan (贷款) program. they will each graduate with $20,000 of debt, but at least they will be able to finish school. with unemployment rising, financial aid administrators expect to hear more families like the jacobs. more students are applying for aid, and more families expect to need student loans. college administrators are concerned that they will not have enough aid money to go around. at the same time, tuition（学费）continues to rise. a report from the national center for public policy and higher education found that college tuition and fees increased 439% from 1982 to 2007, while average family income rose just 147%. student borrowing has more than doubled in the last decade, “if we go on this way for another 25years, we wont have an affordable system of higher education,” says patrick m. callan, president of the center. “the middle class families have been financing it through debt. they will send kids to college whatever it takes, even if that means a huge amount of debt.” financial aid administrators have been having a hard time as many companies decide that student loans are not profitable enough and have stopped making them. the good news, however, is that federal loans account for about three quarters of student borrowing, and the government says that money will flow uninterrupted.1. according to paragraph 1, why did the plan of jacobs family fail?a. the twins wasted too much money. b. the father was out of work.c. their saving ran out. d. the family fell apart.2. how did the jacobs manage to solve their problem?a. they asked their kids to come home.b. they borrowed $20,000 from the school.c. they encouraged their twin sons to do part-time jobs.d. they got help from the school and the federal government.3. financial aid administrators believe that _.a. more families will face the same problem as the jacobsesb. the government will receive more letters of complaintc. college tuition fees will double soond. americas unemployment will fall4.what can we learn about the middle class families from the text?a. they blamed the government for the tuition increase.b. their income remained steady in the last decade.c. they will try their best to send kids to college.d. their debts will be paid off within 25 years.5.according to the last paragraph, the government will .a. provide most students will scholarshipsb. dismiss some financial aid administratorsc. stop the companies from making student loansd. go on providing financial support for college students【文章大意】这是一篇关于学费贷款的文章。【参考答案】1-5、bdacd66.答案b。根据文章第一段的her husband lost his job可以得出，双胞胎儿子好上学交学费，丈夫事业，家庭陷入困境。停止，两者是对立关系。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。in business, there is a speed difference: its the difference between how important a firms leaders say speed is to their competitive (竞争的) strategy（策略）and how fast the company actually moves. the difference is important regardless of industry and company size .companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.in our study of 343 businesses, the companies that choose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track, whats more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up “improved their top and bottom lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three-year period.how did they disobey the laws of business physics, taking more time than competitors yet performing better? they thought differently about what “slower” and “faster” mean. firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operation speed (moving quickly )and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ).simply increasing the speed of production, for example ,may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference .but that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services.in our study, higher-performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary. they became more open to ideas and discussion. they encouraged new ways of thinking. and they allowed time to look back and learn. by contrast (相比而言), performance suffered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving efficiency, stuck to tested methods, didnt develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about changes.strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership. teams that regularly take time to get things right, rather than plough ahead full bore , are more successful in meeting their business goals . that kind of strategy must come from the top.( ) 1. what does the underlined part “gain an edge” in paragraph 2 mean? a. increase the speed. b. get an advantage. c. reach the limit. d. set a goal.( ) 2. the underlined part “the laws of business physics” in paragraph 3 means _. a. spending more time and performing worse.b. spending more time and performing betterc. spending less time and performing worse d. spending less time and performing better ( ) 3. what can we learn from the text? a. how fast a firm moves depends on how big it is.b. how competitive a firm is depends on what it produces.c. firms guided by strategic speed take time to make necessary changes.d. firms guided by operational speed take time to develop necessary team spirit.( ) 4. which could be the best title for the text? a. improve quality? serve better. b. deliver value? plough ahead.c. reduce time? move faster. d. need speed? slow down.【参考答案】1-4、bdcd2016高考阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。beaches are not only great for lying on and doing water sports, and in fact one of the best ways of enjoying them is a classic beach walk. here at iwantsun. co. uk, weve been searching the globe to find you the worlds best and most glorious beach walks, and heres our pick of the top.the footpath of the gods, amalfi coast, italythe name says it all really and you truly do feel up there to walking along this wonderful mountain coastal path, which offers some of the most striking views on the planet. the path begins at town of bomerano to charming positano along the unesco world heritage area of the amalfi coast. the whole walk will take you approximately four and a half hours to complete and pass over narrow rocky paths, past sheer cliffs and shining blue bays.sydneys great coastal walk, australiasydneys coastline is one of the most beautiful and diverse in the world. here you have national parks, historic sites, steep cliffs, sparkling beaches and quiet bays all in one place. sydneys great walk runs all the way from barrenjoey in the north to royal national park in the south and takes an incredible seven days to complete. however, if youre not up to doing the full walk, then there are many different parts of the walk that you can do right in the city. walking from the citys famous bondi beach to the sweeping curve of bronte beach takes just an hour, which takes in some top scenery.great ocean walk, australiathe great ocean walk stretches 104 km along victorias famous great ocean road, located on the southern coast of australia, from the resort town apollo bay to the magnificent twelve apostles. the twelve apostles are the areas famous stone land