unit 9 Hollywood 讲义.doc

Unit 9 Hollywood Section One Pre-reading ActivitiesI. Warming-up activities1. Brief introduction to Hollywood( where is it; why is it world-renowned?)(in Los Angeles, California; the center of the films and entertainments. There are Hollywood Bowl where world-famous symphonies are performed and Hollywood Cemetery where a lot of famous stars rested after their deaths.奥斯卡金像奖 Annual Academy Awards )Known as the worlds largest natural amphitheater, the Hollywood Bowl features some of the finest classical, pops, jazz, opera, and ballet performances. The summer season includes spectacular fireworks, classical, jazz, Latin salsa, and modern new age concerts. The Bowl also features a museum, childrens festivals and picnic areas. For over 75 years the Hollywood Bowl has kept the public entertained with great music at affordable prices!2Are you a fan of a Hollywood superstar? Have you ever enjoyed Hollywood blockbusters? Can you name some of your favorite stars and movies manufactured in Hollywood? (Tom Cruise, Brad Pitt, Julia Roberts=biggest/greatest hits) (Lord of the Rings etc)Walk of Fame星光大道(好莱坞)3. Why do those Hollywood movies and stars attract you? It seems that Hollywood is a magic place, producing lots of superstars and blockbusters that attract peoples eyes. In different periods, Hollywood produced different kinds of movies, covering a wide range of genres. Those posters are only a few to mention. (ppt) II.Cultural information1. QuoteFred Allen: You can take all the sincerity in Hollywood，place it in the navel of a firefly and still have room enough for three caraway seeds and a producers heart.2. HollywoodHollywood is a neighborhood in Los Angeles, Californiasituated west-northwest of Downtown Los Angeles. Due to its fame and cultural identity as the historical center of movie studios and movie stars, the word Hollywood is often used as a metonymy of American cinema, and is often interchangeably used to refer to the greater Los Angeles area in general. The nicknames StarStruck Town and Tinseltown refer to Hollywood and its movie industry. Today, much of the movie industry has dispersed into surrounding areas such as the Westside neighborhood, but significant auxiliary industries, such as editing, effects, props, post-production and lighting companies remain in Hollywood, as does the backlot of Paramount Pictures.Many historic Hollywood theaters are used as venues and concert stages to premiere major theatrical releases and host the Academy Awards. It is a popular destination for nightlife, tourism, and is home to the Hollywood Walk of Fame.Section Two Global ReadingI. Main idea1. What information does the text present?The text provides information about the past and the present of Hollywood. The text is an introduction about the history, present situation and the future of Hollywood in a chronological order and on a point-by-point basis. Hollywood was once the center of world motion picture industry and attracted all the young men and women to try their luck there. And in recent years Hollywood has lost its glamour. However, Hollywoods influence on movie industry will remain in the future and it will still be a very important part of the world entertainment industry in the years to come.2. List a few sentences from the text that present the major information of the text.1) Hollywood suggests glamour, a place where the young star-struck teenagers could, with a bit of luck, fulfill their dreams. (Paragraph 1)2) Hollywood, above all, has the glamour of the past. It is a name which will always be associated with motion picture-making. (Paragraph 9)II. Structural analysis1. Text Analysis- Hollywood, a place where the young star-struck teenagers could, with a bit of luck, fulfill their dreams; a name which will always be associated with motion picture-making- Development by the deductive method (para.3-9) 1) Hollywood like a magnet (para.3)2) The studio chiefs / the stars (para.4)3) Advertising turning starlets into superstars (para.5)4) Stars /typecast (para.6)5) Hollywood / the worlds motion picture industry / television networks / American TV entertainment (para.7)6) Hollywood / the glamour of the past (para.8)7) Hollywood movies shown again and again (para.9)1It provides a brief introduction to Hollywood.2-8It provides readers with some major facts about Hollywood.9Hollywood, above all, has the glamour of the past.2. Linguistic Features1) The strategy of general-specific (para.1) An overview of Hollywood (by a contrast: glamour, luxurious houses with vast palm-fringed swimming pools; cocktail bars and furnishings; yachts, Rolls Royces and diamonds / emptiness; colossal debts) (para.2) A very general, brief introduction of the development of Hollywood (para.3-9) point-to-point deductive method / aspect-to-aspect interweaved introduction Section Three Detailed ReadingParagraph 1Main idea: a brief introduction to Hollywood. It presents the attractiveness of this place.Questions:Q1: What does Hollywood suggest? (glamour, any other things? The writer mentioned a lot of other things, all those thing have one thing in common: closely related to money or this word luxury)Q2: Why is Hollywood so glamorous? (star-struck teenagers try their luck there)Star-struck teenagers: young men and women who dream to be stars.Hollywood is their stage. Have you ever dreamed to be stars when you are a kid?(Why? Earning a lot of money) Nowadays, it seems to be easier to become stars. E.g., in our country, we have programmes such like Super Girls, Happy Boys, etc. Star-struck teenagers can try their luck in such kind of programmes by attending their audition.(sea selection=first/initial audition)Q3: Please point out the contrast mentioned in the first paragraph.Aspect 1 a. Glamor star-struck teenagers; luck; dream b. luxury villa; furnishing; yacht; RollsRoyce; diamonds.Aspect 2 a. Emptiness Privacy; freedom; passe, has-been b. Debts Drug addicts; casino夜总会; gambling; luxurious life. Words and Expressions1. glamour: n.1) the exciting and charming quality of sth. unusual or special, with a magical power of attractione.g. Foreign travel has never lost its glamour for me. She is always attracted by the glamour of a job in the pop music business.2) strong personal attraction, esp. sexually exciting beauty, which excites admiratione.g. Sophia added a touch of glamour by wearing a beautiful dress. 索菲亚换了一件漂亮的裙子，更增添了一份魅力。Derivations: glamorous: adj. glamorize: vt.Synonyms: attractiveness, charmCollocation: glamour job; a glamour stock 令人向往的工作；热门股票 n. attributive.（定语名词）Often used to modify another noun:2. fulfill: vt.1) carry out a promise; satisfy a desire, prayer, etc.e.g. That man often fails to fulfill his promise, so he is not trusted. If he is lazy, he will never fulfill his ambition to be a doctor.2) perform or carry out a duty, task, etc.; answer or satisfy a need or purposee.g. The conditions of the contract must be fulfilled exactly. A nurse has many duties to fulfill in caring for the sick.3) finish or complete a period or piece of worke.g. They fulfilled their project 30 days ahead of time.Derivations:fulfilled: adj. fulfillment: n.Comparison: fulfill, realize realize: make actual or real something that has previously existed only as a plan or desireCollocation: fulfill oneself: fully develop ones abilities and charactere.g. He was able to fulfill himself through music. 通过音乐他能充分地发挥自己的才能。Exercise: Choose the proper word in its appropriate form to fill each blank in the following sentences. fulfill realize 1) They_ all the bosss demands just to please him. (fulfilled)2) It was really disheartening that our worst fears were_. (realized)3) The travelling library _ an important need for people who live in country areas. (fulfills) 3. colossal: adj. extremely large; of immense size;remarkable; splendide.g. It requires government spending on a colossal scale.Derivation: colossus: n. Synonyms: remarkable; splendid Comparison: enormous, immense, colossal, tremendousEnormous suggests a marked excess beyond the norm in size, amount, or degree.Immense refers to boundless or immeasurable size or extent.Colossal suggests a hugeness that elicits awe or taxes belief.Tremendous suggests awe-inspiring or fearsome size.Antonym: small1）那歌手现在赚大钱了。The singer earns a colossal amount of money now.2）他们成功的秘诀是大量制造廉价商品。Their secret to success was manufacturing cheap goods on a colossal scale.SentenceHollywood suggests glamour, a place where the young star-struck teenagers could, with a bit of luck, fulfill their dreams. (Paragraph 1)Explanation: Hollywood, district of Los Angeles, California, was famous as a center of the motion picture industry in the United States. It is also a major center of the U.S. television industry. Translation: 好莱坞意味着魅力，是那些憧憬靠小运气就能成为大明星的少男少女们美梦成真的地方。/好莱坞充满魅力。在这里，那些怀揣明星梦的少男少女们，若是有点儿运气，可以实现他们的梦想。Paragraphs 2-8Main idea: some major facts or important information to Hollywood.Para2: history; Para3 hw like a magnet; Para 4 stars and studio chiefs;Para 5 about studios of America; Para 6 stars were typecast; Para 7 turned into the American TV entertainment center; Para 8 being still glamorous.Questions1. Why was hw chosen to be a good place to make pictures?(para2 the 1st sentence)2. How did some star-struck men and women become stars?( para3)3. What is a studio chief(para4)4. Why has hw still been glamorous(para 8) Words and Expressions4. constant: adj. 1) fixed or unchanging; invariablee.g. Pressure in the container remains constant.2) continually happening or repeated; regulare.g. The entrance is in constant use; do not lock it.3) loyal; faithfule.g. She is a constant friend of mine.Derivation: constancy: n.Synonym: continuousComparison: continual, continuous, constant, perpetualContinual applies to what recurs repeatedly or goes on unceasingly over a long period of time.Continuous applies to what extends without interruption in either space or time.Constant stresses uniformity, steadiness, or regularity in occurrence or recurrence.Perpetual applies to what lasts or persists permanently.Exercise: Choose the proper word to fill each blank in the following sentences. constant continuous 1) Despite its large population, the rate of population increase of India has been _in recent years. (constant)2) Many students prefer _ assessment to a once-for-all approach. (continuous)3) This video player provides high-speed dubbing and _ play facility. (continuous)5. peak: n.1) a sharply pointed mountain top; a whole mountain with a pointed top；the highest point, levele.g. The plane flew over the snow-covered mountain peaks.2) the highest point, level, value, rate, etc.; a time of greatest successe.g. Traffic reaches a peak between 8 and 9 in the morning. Shes at the peak of her career.Comparisons: peak, summit, climaxsummit: the top of a mountain, or a meeting between heads of governmentclimax: the most exciting, important, or effective part in a story, experience, set of events, etc, which usu. comes near the endExercise: Choose the proper word to fill each blank in the following sentences. peak summit climax1) Demand for coal is at its _ in January and February. (peak)2) Western leaders are gathering for this weeks Ottawa _. (summit)3) His first book was published when he was at the _ of his powers. (peak)4) The _ of the film is a brilliant car chase. (climax)6. immortal: adj. that will never die; that will live forever; that will continue or be remembered for a long time e.g. The soul is immortal. Shakespeare wrote many immortal plays.Derivations: immortality: n.immortalize: v.Antonym:mortale.g. All human beings are mortal.7. ambitious: adj.1) having a strong desire for success, power, wealth, etc.e.g. He is an ambitious young man, studying hard to be a scientist.2) showing or resulting from a desire to to sth. difficult or sth. that demands great effort, unusual skill, etc.e.g. His next production was a very ambitious musical.Derivation: ambition: n.Antonym: unambitiousTranslation:有抱负的学生才能取得最好的成绩。Only ambitious students can get best marks.他推出的下一个作品是一部难度很大的音乐喜剧。 His next production was a very ambitious musical comedy.8. recommend: v.1) praise as being good for a purpose; provide information about sb. or sth.e.g. What would you recommend for removing ink stains? She was strongly recommended for the post.2) advise or suggest as a correct or suitable course of actione.g. I wouldnt recommend you to go there alone. I recommend that you resign.Derivations: recommendation: n. recommendable: adj.Collocations: recommend sb./sth. (to sb.) recommend sb. for /as sth.9. persuade: v.1) make sb. willing to do sth. by reasoning, arguing, repeatedly askinge.g. You try and persuade her to come out with us. How can we persuade him into joining us? He persuaded his daughter to change her mind.2) cause to believe or feel certain; convincee.g. I am not fully persuaded by the evidence. We are persuaded of the justice of her case.Derivations: persuasion: n. persuasive: adj.Collocations: persuade sb. into/out of sth. persuade sb. of sth.10. expertly: adv. in a way typical of an expert; in a skillful mannere.g. Never have I seen anyone handle such a tough situation as expertly as he.Derivations: expert: n. / adj. expertise: n.Collocations: expert at/in/on sth./doing sth.e.g. He is expert at/in cooking good cheap meals.Synonym: skillfully11. at all costs: at any cost; whatever the cost; no matter what the coste.g. We must at all costs prevent them from finding out about the plan. We must avoid war at all costs.Phrases:at the cost of: involving the loss or sacrifice of sth.to ones cost: from ones own unpleasant experienceExercise: Choose the proper phrase to fill each blank in the following sentences. at all costs to ones cost at the cost of 1) As I learned _ when I was ill in New York, you should always take out medical insurance before you go abroad. (to my cost)2) We must win the game _. (at all costs)3) She saved him from drowning but only _ her own life. (at the cost of)12. interfere: v. enter in or take part in a matter which does not concern one, and in which one is not wantede.g. It is unwise to interfere between husband and wife. Dont interfere in matters that do not concern you!Derivations: interference: n. interfering: adj.Collocation:interfere in erfere between sb. and sb.13. destroy: v. damage (something) so severely that it cannot be repaired; put an end to the existence of somethinge.g. They have destroyed all the evidence. All hopes of a peaceful settlement were destroyed by his speech.Derivations: destruction: n. destructive: adj.Synonyms: ruin, wreck14. cease: v. stop (esp. an activity or state)e.g. The officer ordered his men to cease fire. Hostilities between the two sides ceased at midnight.Derivations: cease: n. ceaseless: adj. not stopping; without endCollocation: without cease: without stopping; continuously15. distinguished: adj. having excellent quality or great fame and respecte.g. The actor gave a distinguished performance on the stage last night.He has become a distinguished man for his scientific achievements.Derivations: distinguish: v. distinguishable: adj.Antonym: undistinguished16. performance: n. 1) the action or an act of performing (a character in) a play, a piece of music, tricks, etc., esp. in the presence of the publice.g. His performance of Hamlet was superb.The orchestra will give two more performances before leaving Britain.2) the action or manner of carrying out an activity, piece of work, etc.e.g. She won a gold medal for her fine performance in the contest.His performance in the test was not good enough.Derivations: perform: v. performer: n.Collocation: in performance: performing in a concert or other entertainmente.g. Come and see her in performance with the new band.Sentences1. Most of them had only their good looks to recommend them and had no acting experience or ability whatsoever. (Paragraph 3)Explanation: The phrase most of cannot be used before a noun that has no determiner (article, possessive or demonstrative word). You can say most of the people, or most of these people, but not most of people. Ive eaten most of the salad. Ive read most of your books. Translation: 大多数人仅靠姣好的外貌作为资本，没有任何表演经验或才能。2. As for the stars themselves, they were held on a tight rein by the studio chiefs who could make or break all but the stars with really big appeal. (Paragraph 4)Paraphrase: The stars were firmly controlled by the studio chiefs who could make or break nearly all the stars except super-stars.Translation: 至于明星本人，他们被制片厂的老板们牢牢地控制着，除了那些名气很大的明星外，这些老板可以造就或毁掉任何人。3. Many studio chiefs were tyrants, determined to get their own way at all costs, no matter how unscrupulous the means. (Paragraph 5)Explanation: “Get their own way” means do what they want to, even though someone else wants something different. You shouldnt let the children always get their own way.Translation: 许多制片厂老板都非常专制，一意孤行，不计代价，不管采取如何卑鄙的方式。4. Stars were often typecast and if he or she appealed to the public as a lover, then he or she always played the part