湖南省长沙市岳麓区高三英语下学期模拟试题（二）.doc

湖南省长沙市岳麓区2017届高三英语下学期模拟试题（二）得分_本试题卷分为听力、阅读理解、英语知识运用和写作四个部分，共14页。时量120分钟。满分150分。第卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：how much is the shirt?a19.15. b9.18. c9.15.答案是c。(a)1.whats the weather like now?asunny. bwindy. ccloudy.(c)2.where does the conversation take place?ain a restaurant. bin a coffee shop. cin a hotel.(a)3.what does the man order for himself?aa cup of coffee. ba glass of orange. ca piece of cake.(a)4.what does the woman think of her present degree?aless competitive. bmore practical. ccompletely useless.(b)5.what time will the next train to los angeles leave?aat 10：05 am. bat 10：15 am. cat 10：50 am.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 (a)6.why does the woman have no plan for thanksgiving?ashe has never celebrated it.bshe hates to celebrate it alone.cshe is too busy to do it.(b)7.where will the speakers spend their thanksgiving day?aat the womans home. bat the mans home. cat their friends home.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。(c)8.what color is the womans daughters dress? ared. bblue. cyellow.(b)9.what does the man probably do?aa teacher. ba policeman. ca waiter.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。(a)10.whats wrong with the womans mother?ashe had a heart disease.bshe had an operation.cshe had a car accident.(c)11.how long should the womans mother stay in hospital totally?afor two days. bfor three days. cfor five days.(c)12.who is probably the man?athe womans cousin. bthe womans brother. cthe womans boss.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。(a)13.when did the woman find out someone had broken into her house?aabout 10 oclock. babout 11 oclock. cabout 12 oclock.(b)14.how did the thief get into the house?aby breaking the window.bby damaging the lock.cthrough an unlocked door.(c)15.what does the man think of the thief?askillful. bintelligent. cawkward. (a)16.why is the house in a mess? athe woman didnt clean it.bthe womans child messed it.cthe thief turned it upside down.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。(b)17.what is the speaker mainly talking about?acollege projects. bvacation arrangements. cdormitory management.(b)18.what should the students write down in the forms?awhy theyll be on campus.bwhen theyll be on campus.cwhether theyll be on campus.(a)19.how many dormitories will be open during the winter vacation? a1. b31. c32.(c)20.what will be closed during the winter vacation? athe post office and the college office.bthe library and the computer center.cthe college store and the dining halls.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。athroughout history, famous women inventors have played a vital role in the world.mary anderson anyone whos ever driven in a rain or snowstorm can prove the extreme importance of windshield wipers. inventor mary anderson received a patent for her carwindow cleaning device in 1903. however, it was not immediately accepted. many people thought it would draw drivers attention away, but by 1916 windshield wipers had been standard on most vehicles.barbara askinsinventor barbara askins returned to school after having two children and received both bachelors and masters degrees in chemistry. after completing her education, askins went to work for nasa, where she was given the task of inventing a way to improve astronomical and geological photos taken from space, which were often unclear and lacked definition. the solution she developed would have a greater influence than anyone could have imagined.patricia billingspatricia billings, a sculptor, initially sought to create a concrete additive to prevent her sculptures from breaking in the 1970s. after years of experimenting, she finally achieved her goal of making an indestructible material. soon after, she discovered the material was also amazingly resistant to heatwhich opened the door to a larger number of applications. because the invention is nonpoisonous as well as indestructible and fireproof, it is the worlds first workable replacement for asbestos(石棉)giuliana tesorothrough her work and research, she developed processes to prevent static(静电) accumulation in manmade fibers, pioneered improved permanent press characters for textiles(纺织品) and discovered ways to make new producing projects run at peak operation and efficiency. tesoro held her more than one hundred and twentyfive patents in areas related to organic compounds(有机化合物) and textile processing.(d)21.why was mary andersons invention rejected at first?abecause of there being little rain or snow in the us.bbecause of its expensiveness for most people.cbecause of its uselessness on most vehicles.dbecause of its probable disturbance to drivers.【解析】细节理解题。由第二段最后一句可知。(a)22.who made a great contribution to fire resistant material?apatricia billings. bbarbara askins.cmary anderson. dgiuliana tesoro.【解析】细节理解题。由第四段最后一句because the invention is nonpoisonous as well as indestructible and fireproof.可知patricia billings在研发防火材料方面做出了重大贡献。(b)23.from the text, we can infer that giuliana tesoro was_aoptimistic bproductivecgenerous dtraditional【解析】推理判断题。由最后一段的.developed.，.pioneered.，.discovered.和最后一句可知，她是“多产的”，故选b。bin a video posted online, a united airlines passenger, who is an asian, is shown with a bloody face after he was forced off an overbooked flight on april 9, 2017, making the already troubled airline earn more bad press.overbooking on flights happens all the time. empty seats cost airlines money, so they offset(抵消) the number of passengers who miss flights by selling several more tickets. in this case, the problem arose because united(美联航) decided at the last minute to fly four employees to a connection point and needed four passengers to make way for them.normally, when theres an overbooking issue, airlines will offer compensation to the passengers who are willing to take a later flight. at first, they were offered $400, a hotel room for the night, and a flight the following afternoon. when no one took the offer, the amount was upped to $800. still no volunteers. so a manager boarded the flight and informed passengers that four people would be selected to leave the flight.a couple who were selected agreed to leave the plane voluntarily. however, a man refused, saying he was a doctor and had to see patients in the morning. an airline manager told him that security would be called if he did not leave. then, security officers came to speak to him. their conversation ended with the man being yanked(猛拉) from his seat onto the floor and dragged off, blood visible on his face.this incident caused a stir in public. many criticized uniteds racism and cruelty. some even called for a boycott of the airline. the company is facing increasing pressure around the world. united is also suffering from broader worries among investors about us airline performance.(c)24.what can we learn about overbooking on flights?ait rarely occurs. bit always causes problems.cit makes more money. dits for employees.【解析】从第二段empty seats cost airlines money, so they offset(抵消) the number of passengers who miss flights by selling several more tickets.可知，部分旅客取消出行计划会造成航班座位虚耗，这会造成一些损失。为了抵消这一数量，航空公司会进行航班座位的超额出售。可推断出公司的这种做法是为了挣更多的钱。(c)25.what do airlines usually do first when theres an overbooking issue?aselect some passengers randomly and ask them to leave.bcall the security and force some passengers to leave.cfind some volunteers and offer them compensation.drequire the last few passengers not to board the plane.【解析】从第三段airlines will offer compensation to the passengers who are willing to take a later flight可知，出现此种情况时，航空公司会对自愿乘坐下一航班的乘客提供相应的补偿。(b)26.why did the man refuse to leave the plane?ahe was unsatisfied with the compensation.bhe had got an appointment the next day.che was frightened by the security officers.dhe was badly injured and was bleeding.【解析】从第四段的saying he was a doctor and had to see patients in the morning.可知，该乘客说自己第二天上午要给病人看病，不愿意下机，与c选项got an appointment对应。(a)27.what can be learned from the last paragraph?athe companys reputation is greatly damaged.bthe company has already lost many investors.cincidents like this will not happen again.dno passengers will take uniteds flights.【解析】从第五段可知，因为这件事情，美联航遭受了公众的指责，要面对全世界的舆论压力。并且合作投资人也开始担忧其服务表现。可推出，该公司的信誉受到了极大的损害，与a对应。ctoday we make room for a remarkably narrow range of personality styles. were told that to be great is to be bold, and that to be happy is to be sociable. we see ourselves as a nation of extrovertswhich means that weve lost sight of who we really are. onethird to onehalf of americans are introvertsin other words, one out of every two or three people you know. if youre not an introvert yourself, you are surely raising, managing, married to or coupled with one.if these statistics surprise you, thats probably because so many people pretend to be extroverts. closet introverts pass undetected on playgrounds, in high school locker rooms, and in the corridors of americas companies. some fool even themselves, until some life eventa layoff, an empty nest, an inheritance(继承遗产) that frees them to spend time as they likeenables them to evaluate their true natures. you have only to raise this_subject with your friends and acquaintances to find that the most unlikely people consider themselves introverts.it makes sense that so many introverts hide even from themselves. we live with a value system that i call the extrovert idealthe universal belief that the ideal self is outgoing, leading, and comfortable in the spotlight. the typical extrovert prefers action to meditation, risktaking to cautiontaking, certainty to doubt. they favor quick decisions, even at the risk of being wrong. they work well in teams and socialize in groups. we like to think that we value individuality, but all too often we admire one type of individualthe kind whos comfortable “putting himself out there”. introversionalong with its sensitivity, seriousness, and shynessis now a secondclass personality trait, somewhere between a disappointment and a disease. but we make a grave mistake to embrace the extrovert ideal so unthinkingly. some of our greatest ideas, art, and inventionsfrom the theory of evolution to vincent van goghs sunflowers to the personal computercame from quiet and analytical people who knew how to tune in to their inner worlds and the treasures to be found there. we need to be teaching kids to work together, for sure, but we also need to be teaching them how to work on their own. this is especially important for extroverted children too. they need to work on their own because that is where deep thought comes from in part. we could all try to unplug and get inside our own heads a little more often.(b)28.why do many people pretend to be extroverts?abecause they want to be bold, happy and sociable.bbecause they live with a value system that favors extroverts.cbecause they want to surprise others.dbecause they believe they are unlikely to be introverts.【解析】根据第三段“it makes sense that so many introverts hide even from themselves. we live with a value system that i call the extrovert idealthe universal belief that the ideal self is outgoing, leading, and comfortable in the spotlight.”可知，如此多的内向者甚至对自己隐藏真实的性格(假装外向)是有原因的。我们生活在一个我称之为“外向理想型性格”的价值体系中，即人们普遍认为，理想的性格特点是善于交际，有领袖气质，在众人瞩目的场合收放自如，故选b。(d)29.what does the underlined phrase “this subject” in paragraph 2 probably mean?athe life event that happened to you.bthe relationship between your friends and acquaintances.chow you spend your free time with an inheritance.dwhat you think of your true nature.【解析】根据第二段 “.enables them to evaluate their true natures.”可知，有些人甚至欺骗了自己，直到某些生活事件失业、独守空巢、继承一笔能够让他们随意支配时间的遗产让他们惊醒，开始审视自己真实的一面。可见此处的the subject指的是“如何看待自己真实的一面”，故选d。(c)30.in most cases, extroverts have a preference for _asensitivity, seriousness, and shyness bquick decisions and wrongdoingscaction, risktaking and certainty dmeditation, cautiontaking and doubt【解析】根据第三段“the typical extrovert prefers action to meditation, risktaking to cautiontaking, certainty to doubt. they favor quick decisions, even at the risk of being wrong.”可知，典型的外向者喜欢行动，而不愿思考，喜欢冒险，而不愿小心谨慎，喜欢肯定，而不愿质疑。他们希望在短时间内作出决定，哪怕冒犯错的风险，故选c。(a)31.what is the best title of the passage? athe power of introverts bthe typical personality stylecthe extrovert ideal dintroverts vs extroverts【解析】根据第四段“but we make a grave mistake to embrace the extrovert ideal so unthinkingly.”可知，我们不假思索地接受“外向理想型性格”，其实是犯了一个严重的错误。一些最伟大的思想、艺术作品和发明从进化论到凡高的向日葵再到个人电脑都来自于冷静和理智的人，他们知道如何倾听自己的内心世界，并从中挖掘宝藏。本文作者希望人们能坦然接受自己内向的本性，因为内向者具有其独特的力量。故选a。dmany teens make risky decisions. lab experiments have shown risky behavior drops steadily as people grow from children into adults. but reallife data show a different pattern: adolescents take more risks and are also more likely to be injured or die as a result of such behaviors.to resolve why teens behave this way, wouter van den bos and ralph hertwig, two german psychologists, employed 105 people, all from 8 to 22 years old. all were made to spin a wheel. the wheel was divided into 10 equalsized wood blocks. some were orange, while others blue. if the wheel stopped spinning on an orange block, the participants won or lost money. this could be between 3 and 32 euros. but if the wheel stopped on a blue one, they got nothing. meanwhile, the fiveeuro option, a guaranteed win, was provided.the researchers designed trials like this: in half of the trials, the orange and blue blocks were visible around the entire wheel, and in the other trials, part of the wheel was covered and thus participants had no idea how likely they were to win. as more of the wheel was covered, the risks of spinning became more and more ambiguous.teens were more likely to spin the wheel, even when much of it was covered, van den bos and hertwig found. children and adults, however, avoided those ambiguous situations. instead, they chose the guaranteed reward in these trials.“in the teenage years, theres much to explore and to learn by exploration，” van den bos says. many experiences are new, he notes, and teens dont know how theyll turn out. “many of these situations arent dangerous and are helpful in becoming an independent adult. so in general, this seems to be a good attitude to have，” he concludes.(b)32.what inspired the two psychologists to conduct their study?aa steady drop in teens risky behavior. badolescents adventurous behaviors.cmore deaths caused by risky behaviors. dteenagers tendency to make decisions.【解析】从第二段的第一句话“to resolve why teens behave this way.”可以得出答案。(c)33.what would happen when the wheel stopped spinning on the orange blocks?athe participants would be rewarded nothing.bthe researchers would choose some other participants.cthe participants would either win or lose money.dthe researchers would end the trial.【解析】从第二段中的“if the wheel stopped spinning on an orange block, the participants won or lost money.”可以得知答案。(a)34.what was the children and adults preference in the trial?athey chose the fiveeuro option. bthey took risky decisions.cthey spun the wheel harder. dthey changed the way of spinning .【解析】从倒数第二段中的“they chose the guaranteed reward in these trials”再结合第二段的 “the fiveeuro option, a guaranteed win, was provided”可以得知答案。(d)35.what does van den bos think of teenagers attitude toward uncertainty?ait is unchangeable. bit is harmful.cit is natural. dit makes sense.【解析】从最后一段“so in general, this seems to be a good attitude to have”可以得知答案。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。the problem in dyslexia(诵读障碍) is a linguistic one, not a visual one. it is a problem that restricts the ability to recognize words and connect sounds with letters when people read. 36._d_ people with severe dyslexia can be brilliant.37_g_the only shared character among people with dyslexia is that they read at levels significantly lower than typical for people of their age. some children may not be able to remember content, even if it involves a favorite video or storybook. 38._a_ also, some other children may even appear to be depressed.according to the university of michigan health system, dyslexia is the most common learning disability. 39._c_the international dyslexia association estimates that 1520 percent of the american population have some of the symptoms of dyslexia, including slow or inaccurate reading, poor spelling, poor writing, or mixing up similar words.dyslexia affects people of all ethnic backgrounds. a language where there is a clear connection between how a word is written and how it sounds, and consistent grammatical rules, such as in italian and spanish, can be easier for a person with mild to make dyslexia less extreme. however, in english, there is often no clear connection between the written form and sound, such as “cough” and “dough”. 40._b_aothers may know what they want to say but have trouble finding the actual words to express their thoughts.bthus, english can be more challenging for a person with dyslexia.ceighty percent of students with learning disabilities have dyslexia.ddyslexia in no way results from any lack of intelligence.epeople with dyslexia take english learning seriously.factually, dyslexia is relat