贵州省铜仁市高考英语一轮复习 书面表达和阅读选编（三）.doc

贵州铜仁市2017高考英语一轮书面表达和阅读选编【2016高考训练题】书面表达（满分25分）假如你是李华，是高三某班班长。为了丰富同学们的课外生活，班级准备成立一个自行车俱乐部(cycling club)。请你根据下面的提示，用英语写一则口头通知。通知如下：1.每周训练一次，由体育老师辅导，安排在每周三下午第三节的课外活动时间；2.注意事项：器材自备；活动免费。3. 到班长那里报名。注意：1. 可适当增加细节以使行文连贯； 2. 词数100 左右。【参考范文】one possible version: attention, please, everyone. ever since we entered senior 3, weve burdened ourselves with a lot of work. to make ourselves enjoy a colorful life out of our daily study, weve decided to found a cycling club and organize some activities. we plan to offer basic training once a week, which will be instructed by our pe teacher. it will fall on the third period in the afternoon, when students are having after-class activities. it is desired that you take time to join our club, as it is a great way to keep fit and a good chance to relax ourselves. what needs to be specifically noted is that the activity is free of charge, but you should bring your bicycle along. those who have interest can go to the monitor and sign up. thats all. thank you.【2014陕西省西安市长安区第一中学一模】书面表达（满分30分） 最近你班举行了一场关于“动物园里圈养动物好不好”的讨论。假如你是李涛，请你根据下列提示，用英语将讨论的结果向english weekly投稿。注意：字数120左右。要求如下:1. 赞成的理由；(至少3条理由)2. 反对的理由；(至少3条理由)3. 你的观点dear editor, im writing to tell you about the discussion we held on whether it is good or bad to keep animals in zoos. 【参考范文】书面表达（满分30分）dear editor, im writing to tell you about the discussion we held on whether it is good to keep animals in zoos. those who favor the idea think it provides chances for people to see wild animals. it might also develop peoples love for animals and nature. besides, animals in zoos can be protected from dangers in the wild.however, those who are against the idea think that its a waste of money and labor to keep animals in zoos. itll also damage the balance of nature. animals will lose their freedom if caged in zoos. i personally feel it is wrong to take animals away from their natural living areas and keep them locked up. yours sincerely,li tao【2014天津市六校第一次联考】书面表达（满分25分）51. 假设你是李华。最近，你校学生会组织开展了“构建低碳校园”活动。请你围绕“节约资源，低碳生活”的主题，根据以下提示，用英语写一封倡议书。1. 日常出行时怎样减少碳排放；2. 在餐厅就餐时怎样节约粮食；3. 在寝室和教室如何节约水、电。注意：1. 词数：不少于100词；2. 倡议书的开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数；3. 可适当增加情节，以使行文连贯。dear fellow students,our school advocates that we should build a low-carbon campus in order to protect the earth. _dear fellow students, lets start right now and spare no effort to do every little thing we can from now on! li hua【参考范文】书面表达dear fellow students,our school advocates that we should build a low-carbon campus in order to protect the earth.i think it is everyones duty to work hard to achieve this goal. here is what i think we should do: first of all, we should walk or ride bikes instead of riding in cars or school buses to reduce the amount of pollution. secondly, when we eat the food in the school cafeteria, we should eat up what we buy and not waste the food. thirdly, it is important for us to save electricity and water. we should not leave the lights on in the daytime or leave water running after washing. instead, we should turn off lights as soon as we leave the classroom and dormitories.in a word, if we can make small changes in our way of life, we can make a big difference to the earth!dear fellow students, lets start right now and spare no effort to do every little thing we can from now on! li hua书面表达。【高端点拨】每年高考后，我们一直在思索：英语高考中书面表达考什么、怎么考、如何写等系列高难表述问题。但是，通过与考生交流，我们发现他们的书面表达的思维能力并非不活跃，只是在他们的记忆库中存储的相应表达方式不足，或记忆有误，或根本是空白。拿到作文题目后，不愁没内容可写，只愁没词可用，或是写了不知是否正确，因此在表达过程中，要么被迫放弃，要么按照汉语的结构硬译，以致造成短文词不达意，错误地传递信息，分数也受到影响。针对考生在书面表达方面出现的问题，下面将谈谈高考书面表达的复习建议和答题技巧。一、复习建议（一）明确写作能力的培养和提高是一个日积月累的过程。高考英语书面表达题是一项综合性的测试。要写好一篇短文，考生不仅要具备熟练的谴词、造句和谋篇能力，而且需要熟知不同的写作策略。如果从高三年级开始准备，则必须保证有科学、全面的训练计划和足量的写作实践，在这方面，笔者要求学生从认识句子成分，到谴词成句，到练习基本句式，再到语段语篇的这样一个过程。当然有些学生在这过程中也坚持写日记，然后笔者给他们都进行了详细批改。这样学生既听从了老师的安排和指导，也没有忽视自己的独立实践与总结。（二）注重平时的练笔。近几年考题的话题包括外国交换学生在华学习生活安排、少年健康问题、中学生业余生活、人们的生活变化、环境保护、中学生庆祝 2008年奥运会申办、举办成功等。对于这些话题，每个考生都不会感到无话可说，只要平时认真进行一些写作实践，就不难具备应付这类话题所必要的写作能力。（三）明确写作方向。从近几年的情况来看，试题并没有特定的语篇或文体要求。虽然短文会用到记叙、说明或议论等表达方式，但这毕竟只是一个区区几十字的文段，远不足被称为记叙文、议论文、说明文或某种特定文体的文章。例如： 书面表达材料要求根据一首诗的内容，描述其中的一位老师，这是单纯的记叙文;或者根据提示，写毕业赠言，其中首先要求表述好友在你心中的印象，并用一两个事例加以描述，然后表达祝愿，这其实也是记叙文;或者依据要求，让学生描述一位伟人，并说明自己喜欢他或她的原因，这还是记叙文。（四）注意平时的词汇积累。针对考生平时练习时出现的没词可用，写了不知是否正确等情况，建议考生们采用听、读、写相结合的办法，增加语言输入，扩大存储量。高三年级不可避免地要进行大量的听和读的练习，在做完听力和阅读理解后，可以停下来，用一点时间有意识地增加针对写作的语言输入，比如将听过或读过的表达方式回忆一下并记住，或者将有用的短语标出来，记在笔记本上，以备事后记忆之用。注意选取的资料应与考生自己的写作水平相近，还要提高记忆的准确性。二、解题技巧高考英语书面表达题解题应遵循五步骤的原则进行。2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲英语中对写作这样要求：“要求考生根据提示进行书面表达，考生应能(1)准确使用语法和词汇。(2)使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思。如何写好一篇作文分5个步骤（一）仔细审题，确定要点。在开始写作这前一定要认真阅读题目中的所有信息(中文提示、图示、注意事项等)把需要表达的全部信息要点列成提纲，列要点时，如果提示是图表，要认真审图，从图中找出要表达的信息要点，如事件发生的背景，人物的衣着、表情、动作、位置、年龄、外貌、图中的英汉文字等，如果有参考词汇，一定要用上。（二）根据要点，遣词造句。近年来高考书面表达的要求不断提高，高分文章要有较多的词汇，较高级的词汇用法。比如表达丰富可以用rich,但如果你用abundant这个词就属于较高级的词汇。再比如“他强调小心驾驶的重要”这个句子 he emphasized the importance of careful driving.其中“强调”这个词如果你用 attach much importance to 效果更佳。（三）确定时态及人称，内容连贯，结构紧凑。高考书面表达评分标准明确规定，如人称错误要扣分，不同的文体一般都有基本时态。日记通常记叙发生过的事情，多用一般过去时。议论文多用一般现在时，通知等文体通常用一般将来时。每个句子写好之后，句与句之间要选择恰当的连接词。比如：(1)表示承接、递进用语，besides(并且)、whats more(并且)，moreover(而且)，firstly, secondly, finally(最后)，from now on (从此)，afterwards i after that(后来)，to make things worse/ whats worse(使事情更为糟糕的是)，the worst thing of all(最糟糕的是)。(2)表示转折关系用语。but, however, otherwise, though, despite, in spite of.(尽管)on the other hand(另一方面)，as(尽管)，all the same(尽管如此)。(3)表示因果关系用语。because/because of.for(因为)，owing to (由于)，thanks to (由于)，due to (由于)，so that (结果)。(4)归纳总结用语。to summarize(总而言之)，in short/in a word(简而言之)，on the whole(从总体看)，generally speaking(一般说来)，in my view(我的观点)，in conclusion(总之)。（四）句式丰富，避免重词。英语书面表达评分标准第五档(21-25分)要求，“应使用较复杂结构，这要求学生不仅会运用基本句型，也要有意识地使用复杂句型，这是文章的亮点。如何使用复杂结构，本人认为适当运用非谓语结构(分词短语、动名词或不定式短语)、适当运用各种从句(定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句)，这些都是有效的途径。比如：when he arrived in beijing, he gave me an e-mail.(时间状语从句。一般)on arriving in beijing, he gave me an e-mail. having arrived in beijing, he gave me an e-mail.(使用了介词+动名词和现在分词短语，分别作状语。高级) hardly had he arrived in beijing when he gave me an e-mail.(改变时态，句子结构。高级)i wont believe what he says.(一般)no matter what he says, i wont believe it.(让步状从句，高级)。（五）认真答写，卷面整洁。高考书面表达评分标准中对书写有较高要求。尤其是高考英语作文网上进行阅卷以来，如果书写较差，会影响到扫描质量，因此，考生在答卷时，一定要认真、清楚规范地书写，以保卷面整洁和美观，为争取高分作文做好铺垫。三、修正小误1、审题不够仔细，遗漏要点2、语言基础知识薄弱，语法和拼写错误较多3 句子结构错误 双谓语现象句子结构混乱 4 动词使用错误 时态错误语态错误滥用be动词 5 汉语式英语 6. 不规则动词及常用词拼写错误 7. 名词单复数错误 8、词义模糊，用词不够准确9、行文清晰，句子与句子间缺乏衔接. 10、逻辑错误，如：because与so或者although与but等同时出现在同一个句子里。2016高考英语阅读理解集训。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出最佳选项。more than great drinks, great rewardsenjoy all the benefits and more with your membership to our loyalty program!whenever you pay with your membership account, youll earn a star.collect more stars, earn more rewards.three ways to join usbuy a starbucks card handy to create an account.track your stars online or through the mobile app, and well send an email when youve earned a reward.you can also join from your phone. download the starbucks app.one of the most exciting benefits of being a member is using our mobile app to: pay for purchases; view your stars and rewards; access itunes pick of the week; see current offers.or you can join with specially marked coffee purchased at the grocery store.enter your starcode (limit 2 per day).look for the starcode symbol on specially marked starbucks products where you buy groceries.three levels with increasingly greater rewardsto reach each level in our loyalty program, you need to collect more stars. ( remember, to earn a star you must pay with a registered starbucks card. )welcome levelto earn your first rewards, just register a starbucks card.birthday drink or treat on us; birthday coupon (忧惠券) for 15% off a purchase at starbuckss.green levelcollect 5 stars within 12 months and youll be in the green level.what is included in the welcome level plusfree in-store refills (续杯) on hot or iced brewed coffee or teagold levelcollect 30 stars within 12 months and youre at the gold level.what is included in the green, level plusa free food or drink item after another 12 stars earned.personalized gold card1. which of the following is a way you can apply for membership? a. to enter a starcode from specially marked starbucks products. b. to buy a starbucks card over the phone. c. to update the starbucks app from the official website. d. to buy a drink at a starbucks on weekends.2. with the starbucks app, you can _. a. change the pricesb. earn a starc. pay for rewardsd. vie