step by step 3000第三册原文.doc

Step by Step 3000Book IIIUnit 1 World News: International RelationshipPart I Warming up A1. The former American Defense Secretary William Perry has recommended a radical change of policy towards North Korea. 2. Hundreds of thousands of mothers from across the United States gathered here in Washington Sunday to push for tougher gun control laws.3. Theres been further fighting between Macedonian forces and Ethnic Albanian guerrillas inside the Macedonian border with Kosovo.4. A bomb dropped by the United States navy aircraft during training in Kuwait has hit a group of military observers, killing six of them. 5. NATO is taking a number of steps to allay growing disquiet about the possible health risks from ammunitions containing depleted uranium, which it used in Kosovo and Bosnia.B 1. With the final declaration on its role in the 21st century, the summits statement is expected to call on UN members to make commitments to eradicate poverty, promote democracy and education, and reverse the spread of AIDS. More than 150 heads of state and government attended the summit, the largest gathering of the world leaders in history.2. The Association of South-East Asian Nations has decided to invite Burma to join its ranks, shrugging off western denunciations of the military regime ion Rangoon. ASEAN foreign ministers voted on Saturday to admit Burma, Cambodia, and the Laos.3. The missing, four of them teenagers, were among 35 people aboard a high school fishing vessel from Japan. On Friday, a U.S. nuclear submarine tore through the ship, sinking it within minutes. The USS Greenville, which was not seriously damaged, was performing an emergency surfacing drill when the collision occurred about ten miles south of Pearl Harbor. Coast Guard rescue teams plucked all but nine of the victims from the rough seas.4. Gun battles between Israeli troops and Palestinian gunmen have been raiding overnight in the West Bank and Gaza. The upsurge in violence comes after Israeli attack helicopters targeted and killed a member of an elite Palestinian security force.5. Some nuclear facilities in Japan have breached many health and safety laws. Government inspectors checked 17 nuclear plants. More than half of them failed some basic tests, such as checking radiation measurements. Japanese nuclear regulators have been ordered to crack down following the countrys worst nuclear accident in September. Sixty-nine people were exposed to dangerous levels of radiation in the accident.Part II News Reports1. UN General Assembly联合国会员大会: The United Nations General Assembly (GA) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations. It is made up of all United Nations member states and meets in regular yearly sessions under a president elected from among the representatives. As the only UN organ in which all members are represented, the Assembly serves as a forum for members to launch initiatives on international questions of peace, economic progress, and human rights. It can initiate studies; make recommendations; develop and codify international law; promote human rights; and further international economic, social, cultural, and educational programs.2. Security Council联合国安全理事会: the most powerful part of the UN, which is responsible for making sure that countries behave peacefully towards each other, and for deciding what the UN should do if countries go to war. Its a committee of five permanent members: the US, the UK; Russia; France; and China, and ten other members who change every two years 3. Mauritius毛里求斯: An island country in the southwest Indian Ocean. Originally uninhabited, the islands were probably known to Arab and Malay traders in the Middle Ages. Mauritius was controlled by the Dutch (15981710), the French (17151810), and the British (after 1814) before independence was achieved in 1968. It became a republic in 1992. Port Louis is the capital and the largest city. Population: 1, 210,000.4. Organization of African Unity (OAU ) 非盟: The former name for the African Union, was established in 1963. It was disbanded 2002 by its last president South Africa Thabo Mbeki and replaced by the African Union. Its intended purpose was to promote the unity and solidarity of the African States and act as a collective voice for the continent. It was also dedicated to the eradication of colonism and established a Liberation Committee to aid independence movements. 5. Sudan苏丹: a country in northeast Africa, south of Egypt and west of Ethiopia, which is the largest country in Africa 6. UN Human Rights Commission: 联合国人权委员会7. Rwanda卢旺达: a country in east central Africa between Tanzania and ZaIre, the capital is Kigali 8. East Timor东帝汶: a territory in the southeast Indian Ocean, formerly a Portuguese colony, but claimed by Indonesia since 1975. In 1999 the East Timorese population voted to become independent, this led to violence between opposing groups, and the UN took temporary control of the country. It became an independent nation in 2002.A.The United Nations General Assembly has elected Columbia, Ireland, Mauritius, Norway and Singapore as the new non-permanent members of the Security Council. The vote follows several weeks of haggling and maneuvering.Columbia, Ireland, and Singapore won the required two-thirds majority on the first round of balloting. But it took another three rounds of voting to decide on the remaining two regional seats.Contention marked the voting for the second seat for the African and Asian group. The United States lobbied intensely against Sudan, the candidate of the Organization of African Unity. Mauritius, the candidate supported by Washington, won on the fourth round of voting.Ireland easily captured one of the two seats allotted to the western industrialized group of nations on the first ballot. But Norway and Italy campaigned vigorously for the second spot. King Harald of Norway came to New York last week to press the case for his nations representation on Security Council for the first time since 1982. Norway also won the fourth ballot.The new members begin their two-year terms in January.The Security Council is made up of a total of 15 members, including five permanent members- China, France, Great Britain, Russia, and the United States- and 10 non-permanent members. Five non-permanent members are elected to two-year terms each year.B.Forty-eight of the (United Nations Human Rights Commissions) 53 member nations voted to hold the emergency meeting. The United States cast the sole dissenting vote and Canada abstained. Three other countries did not vote.The special meeting will begin October 18th and will last for no more than three days.UN spokeswoman Marie Heuze says one purpose of the meeting is to try to learn how the cycle of violence between Israelis and Palestinians can be stopped.“When you have such a high-profile for a crisis which is so dangerous, not only for the people in Palestine and Israel, but in the region, there is a fear- and this is probably why there was a large consensus on this meeting to discuss the issue-because the situation in this part of the world is so volatile, so dangerous, so important to control that everybody thinks that they have something to contribute.”Ms Heuze says she thinks the United Nations and the International community as a whole can play a constructive role in the present situation and in trying to get the Israelis and Palestinians back to negotiating table. Officials from the UN Human Rights Commission will discuss the agenda toward the meeting on Wednesday.This in only the fifth time the commission has gone into emergency meeting to deal with a crisis situation. Previous sessions dealt with the Bosnian war, the genocide in Rwanda, and the violence in East Timor.Part III Anti-piracy missionAThe European Union is sending six warships and three surveillance planes to tackle a massive problem piracy off Somalias waters that has resulted in almost 100 ships being attacked this year alone. The ships take over from NATO vessels now trying to maintain security more than 1.5 million square kilometers.EU foreign policy chief Javier Solana recently outlined the tasks facing the new mission. “It will be a very solid operation, it will have robust rules of engagement, the objective will be able to deter, to prevent, to protect and, in particular, to protect the United Nations humanitarian component in those waters vis-a-vis Somalia.” The EU mission will be headquartered near London and last for at least a year. Vessels from at least eight European countries will escort aid ships and conduct anti-piracy operations.Somali pirates are holding about 16 ships and more than 350 crew off their countrys coast. They generally ask for huge ransoms in exchange for the vessels release.Besides the European Union and NATO operations, private companies are also offering escort services through the pirate-infested Gulf of Aden, one of the worlds busiest shipping routes. BThe Chinese naval task force has set sail from a port in the southern-most island province of Hainan for Somalia. The ships will take part in an escort mission against piracy.Chinese Assistant Foreign Minister Liu Jieyi elaborated upon the significance of the military move.“The escorting mission of the Chinese navy has won wide applause from the international community, especially African countries and people. China is supportive to the relevant resolutions of the UN Security Council and efforts of the global cooperation in combating piracy. And we are willing to keep contact and cooperation with other countries naval force on this issue.”Earlier, the fleet commander, Rear Admiral Du Jingcheng said all crew members of the fleet had full confidence in their ability to fulfill the mission.According to the official, the primary mission of the Chinese fleet is to secure vessels, personnel and cargo, but not to hit piracy off the Somali coast directly.“Our target is, on one hand, to protect the ships and personnel passing through the Gulf of Aden and waters off the coast of Somalia. On the other hand, we are in charge of safeguarding the vessels transporting humanitarian materials from the international organizations. However, we will take relevant measures under the direct threat from pirates.”Du Jingcheng added the combined crew comes to about 800 and includes 70 soldiers from the Navys special force.Theyll be joining a multi-national fleet of warships already patrolling off the waters of the Somali coast and the Gulf of Aden.The first phase of the mission will last for three months and the Navy will send new shops to relieve the fleet at an appropriate time, depending on the situation and the UN Security Council.It will also help ships carrying humanitarian relief for international organizations such as the UN World Food Program. The fleet will not charge escort service or protection fees to ships, whether foreign or domestic.The fleet will be ready to receive protection appeals on Jan. 6.Official data shows that nearly 1,300 Chinese commercial vessels have passed through the gulf so far this year and seven of them were attacked.Part IV Speeches1. I believe that this nation should commit itself to achieving the goal, before this decade is out, of landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to the earth. No single space project in this period will be more impressive to mankind, or more important for the long-range exploration of space; and none will be so difficult, or expensive to accomplishBut, in a very real sense, it will not be one man going to the moon. If we make this judgment affirmatively, it will be an entire nationI believe we should go to the moon. (John F. Kennedy 25/o5/1961)2. As he said many times, in many parts of this nation, to those he touched and who sought to touch him: “Some men see things as they are and say Why? I dream things that never were and say Why not? (Edward M. Kennedy 08/06/1968)3. I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave-owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. I have a dream that one day, even the State of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice. I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character. (Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. 28/08/1963)4. America needs a full-time President and a full-time Congress. Particularly at this time, with problems we face at home and abroad. To continue to fight through the months ahead for my personal vindication would almost totally absorb the time and attention of both the President and the Congress in a period when our entire focus should be on the great issues of peace abroad and prosperity without inflation at home. (Richard M. Nixon 08/08/1974)5. Thank you for opening up your minds and your hearts, for seeing the possibility of what we could do together for our children and for our future here in this state and in our nation. I am profoundly grateful to all of you for giving me the chance to serve you. I will I will do everything I can to be worthy of your faith and trust and to honor the powerful example of Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan I promise you tonight that I will reach across party lines to bring progress for all of New Yorks families. Today we voted as Democrats and Republicans. Tomorrow we begin again as New Yorkers (Hillary Clinton 07/11/2000)6. America, we have come so far. We have seen so much, but there is so much more to do. So tonight, let us ask ourselves if our children should live to see the next century; if my daughters should be so lucky to live as long as Ann Nixon Cooper, what change will they see? What progress will we have made? This is our chance to answer that call. This is our moment. This is our time, to put our people back to work and open doors of opportunity for our kids; to restore prosperity and promote the cause of peace; to reclaim the American dream and reaffirm that fundamental truth, that, out of many, we are one; that while we breathe, we hope. And where we are met with cynicism and doubts and those who tell us that we cant, we will respond with that timeless creed that sums up the spirit of a people; Yes, we can. (Barack Obama 05/11/2008)Unit 2 World News: Earth and Environment Part I Warming up A1. New research on the likely impact of climate change suggests that damage to crops in low-lying coastal regions could be worse than previously thought. 2. More than 2,000 delegates from around the world have gathered in northern Brazil for the third United Nations Conference on Desertification. 3. Crews are working to clean up a huge oil spill off the coast of Mexico, about 50 miles south of San Diego. 4. Wildfires in the Florida Everglades have been contained after nearly a week of blazes that consumed 65,000 hectares in the southern part of the state. 5. A U.S. Space Agency study finds that Greenland is melting around the edges. The loss to the worlds second largest ice sheet-more than 50 cubic kilometers per year-is enough to raise global sea level by 0.13 millimeters.B1. Australia is the worlds driest continent. Theres general agreement that the country has to use water more efficiently. In many parts supplies are in crisis.At a meeting in Canberra, the Council of Australian Governments has approved a national water plan. It attempts to balance environmental concerns and the needs of the community. The amount of water taken from rivers for commercial use is to be cut and farmers will be compensated.2. The disappearance and deformity of amphibians such as frogs and salamanders from rain forests and mountain lakes worldwide has attracted wide-spread scientific attention over the last decade. Now a new study says reptile species including turtles, snakes, and alligators are in even greater trouble. Twice as many reptiles as amphibians, or some 100 species, are currently listed as endangered by the World Conservation Union. The study says habitat loss and degradation, pollution, disease, climate change, and over-collection for food, pets and drugs are the major threat to reptiles.3. Four regional governors from Columbia, on a visit to Washington, have sharply criticized an American-backed aerial offensive to eradicate thousands of hectares of illegal coke and poppy plantations. At a news conference the governors called for a different approach in the fight against the illegal drugs trade, saying that the herbicides currently being used were harmful to public health and the environment.4. Much attention has been devoted to the threatened animal species. But what about plants which are the fundamental bases of life? One in every eight species of plants is threatened with extinction. Since all food chains begin in the sphere of plant life, this is bad news for the animals too, including humans who depend on plants not only for food but also for medicines, building materials, and other vital purposes.5. A new local directory for environmentally-aware is now available, called the “Boulder County Green Pages.” The Rotary Clubs in Boulder County got together with local recycling and environmental specialists to put together this first-ever directory. It includes quick reference to green products and services for recycling, xeriscaping, energy conservation, and more. The 45 cost helps raise funds for the sponsoring groups.Part II News ReportsAAn annual study by the Worldwatch Institute here in Washington says with the boom in the information economy, Am