名词单复数及所有格.doc

初一语法复习一、名词的数1、可数名词与不可数名词的区别区别可数名词不可数名词定义直接可用数目进行计算的名词，如pear，cup不能直接用数目进行计算的名词，如water，milk特点有单、复数形式，如 an apple、two apples没有复数形式，如 some bread表达可以直接用a/an 或具体数词来修饰，如 an egg，two desks不能直接用a/an 或具体数词来修饰；表示确切数量时，用“量词+of +不可数名词”，如a glass of water谓语选择作主语时，谓语动词的单、复数要和主语保持一致；多个单数可数名词并列做主语，谓语动词用复数形式；单独做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；当“量词+of+不可数名词”，这一结构做主语时，谓语动词的单、复数要和量词保持一致；2.可数名词的复数变化规则类别构成方法示例一般情况加_bed-_; movie-_以s，x，ch，sh等结尾的词加_bus-_; box-_watch-_ brush-_以辅音字母加y结尾的词变_为_i再加_library-_strawberry-_以f，fe结尾的词把_变为v再加_wife-_ half-_ 3.不可数名词量的表达从名词的类别看，物质名词和抽象名词是不可数名词。不可数名词没有复述形式，但可以借助量词来表达数量，其结构为：.+量词+of+不可数名词。当这一结构做主语时，谓语动词的形式要与量词一致。a bottle of water two cups of tea three pieces of paper 4.有些名词的复数是不规则变化例如：child_ woman-_ man_ tooth_ foot_ sheep_ deer_ 这些不规则变化需要在以后的学习中不断总结和积累。二、名词的所有格。名词所有格用来表示名词之间的所有或所属关系的，译成汉语是“的”。名词的所有格可以分为：加“s”的所有格；用of连接两个名词的所有格和双重所有格。 1. 构成方法，有生命名词加s。单数名词词尾加s，复数名词词尾没有s，也要加s， the boys bag，mens room。 若名词复数词尾有s ，只加 2.无生命名词用名词+of +名词结构表示，the name of the hospital. 但时间、距离、国家等词可加s，todays newspaper, ten minutes walk.3.如果两个名词并列，且分别有s，则表示分别有；只有一个s，则表示共有。 如：Johns and Marys room（两间）John and Marys room（一间） 4.可用名词所有格表示地点。 如：my aunts 我姑姑家。 go to the doctors 去医生家。 5. 双重所有格表示所属物的名词前有a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, several, no, each, every, such, another, which时，用：a, an, this, that +名词+of +名词的所有格/名词性物主代词表所有。如：a friend of mine. the book of my fathers练一练：一、写出下列名词的复数形式：1.desk _ 2.class _ 3. pencil-box _ 4. watch _ 5.dish _ 6.month _7.city_ 8 Sunday_ 9. half_ 10.wife _ 11.potato _12.tomato_ 13. zoo _ 14. foot_ 15 tooth_ 16.child _17.woman_18.Englishman _ 19.Gernan_20.Chinese _ 21.Japanese _ 22.American _ 23.sheep_ 24.a piece of paper _ 25. a man doctor _ 二、单词拼写：26. I have a lot of _(作业) to do every day. 27. His _(裤子) are new, but mine are old.28. It is the best one of the _ (照片) in my family.29. Are they building any _ (图书馆) in the city?30. Can you cut this big pear into two _(半)? 三、用所给词的适当形式填空：31、Different people may have different. (idea)32、Mr. Brown is wearing a pair of. (glass)33、Please give them their. (photo)34、Are there anyin the box? (watch)35、There are twelvein a year. (month)36、Would you like some? (tomato)37、Look at thosein the boats! (people)38、There are four bags ofon the floor. (rice)39、There are many books about music on those .(shelf)40、I often drink a glass ofin the morning. (milk)41、Jim has some. (knife)42、How much are these? (vegetable)43、He read someabout Zhou Enlai. (story)44、Manyare playing in the park. (child)45、There are many beautiful in this picture. (flower)46、Miss Gao is one of the most popularin the school. (teacher)47、We have fourin the morning. (class)48、How manyare there in your country? (city)49、I have twostamps. (hundred)50、There areof workers in a factory. (thousand)51、Thein the room come from Tianjin. (man)52、I know one of the. (boy)53、Chinese is one of the most importantin the world. (language)54、She fell off the bike, and hurt both of her. (foot)55、Some of theare hard to reach. (pear)四、选择56.They like Chinese _. A. food and peoples B.foods and people C.foods and people D.food and people57.Lucy and I go to school _ every day.A. on feetB. on footC. by footsD. by buses58. Are those _? -No, they arent. Theyre _.A. sheep; cowsB. sheep; cow C. sheeps; cowD. sheeps; cows59. What are you listening to, Jane? _ or _? A. a music; a news B. music; newsC. music; newsD. music; a news60.How many _ and _ are there in your class?A. boy student; girl ones B. girls students; boys onesC. boys student; girl one D. girl students; boy ones61.A group of _ are talking with two _ over there.A. Frenchmen; Germans B. Frenchmen; GermenC. German; FrenchmenD. Germans; Frenchmans62. That bus driver drank two _.A. glass of water B. glasses of waters C. cups of tea D. cup of tea 63. There is _ tree in our school.A. a 8-metres-tall B. an-8-metre-tallC. an 8 metres tall 64. In _ time, those mountains will be covered with trees.A. fewyear B. a few years C. few years D. a few years65. We bought _ for my mothers birthday.A. some meatsB.some pieces meatC. a piece of meatD. pieces of meats66. Would you like _ coffee? -No, thanks. Ive drunk two _.A. any; bottles of orange B. little; bottle of orangesC. some; bottles of orangeD. a few; bottle of orange67. How many _ do you want?-Two , please.A. kilos of eggB. kilo of eggs C. kilos of eggs D. kilo of bread69. Therere a l