NCE2 L40.ppt

间接引语与直接引语 1 Sheasked Didhegohome Sheaskedif whetherhehadgonehome 2 Sheasked Whydidheleave Sheaskedwhyhehadleft 3 Heasked Whenwillshecomeback Heaskedwhenshewouldcomeback Lesson40Foodandtalk Chopsticks Knivesandforks Everyoneshares One sownplate Overordered Completelyfinished Colddishes meatorvegetablecourses soup mainfood Putfoodintotheplatesoftheirguests Glasstouch finish Noglasstouch takeasip DIFFERENCES 1 hostessn 女主人hostn 男主人actress女演员actor男演员goddess女神God上帝2 unsmilingadj 不笑的 严肃的Brookisanunsmilingman seriousadj 严肃的 3 tightadj 紧身的Thewomaninatightskirtisanactress 补充 adj 吝啬的Theoldmanistightwithmoney 4 fixv 凝视 盯着fixat stareatThekidisfixingathisnewtoy vt 固定 安装Shefixedahandleonthedoor vt 修理Iamabletofixthecomputer 5 globlen 地球adj globlalThegloblevillage地球村6 despairn 失望 绝望indespairvi 绝望 丧失信心Hedespairsofwinningascholarship 他已不抱赢得奖学金的希望了 1 ThehostessaskedmetositnexttoMrs Rumbold 在附近 nextto beside by closeto near nearby等 Themannexttomewasdrunk 坐在我旁边的那个男人喝醉了 Theysangsongsbythecampfire 他们围着篝火在唱歌 2 Hereyeswerefixedonherplateandinashorttime shewasbusyeating bebusywithsth忙于某事bebusydoingsth忙于做某事becarefulwithsth小心某事becarefuldoingsth小心做某事Heisbusywashingclothes Mybrotherisbusywithhishomework 3 Anewplayiscomingto TheGlobe soon Isaid Willyoubeseeingit 1 用现在进行时来表示接近的未来 即将会 用将来进行时来提问 尤其是提出问题但又不想迫使对方做出明确答复时 将来进行时可以显得比一般将来时will更委婉客气 If 是否 引导宾语从句 同whether 从句的时态由事实决定 如果 引导条件状语从句 是否 HeaskedifMr Gilbert soperationhadbeensuccessfulandthedoctortoldhimthatithadbeen heaskedhisdoctoretotellhimwhetherhisoperationhadbeensucessful 如果 if条件句又可分为两类 真实条件句 假设的情况是可以发生的 非真实条件句 表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况 故采用虚拟语气 a 真实条件句 假设的情况是可以发生的 if从句主句现在时一般将来时 主将从现 祈使句情态动词 Ifyouparkyoucarinthewrongpalce atrafficpolicemanwillsoonfindit 主句不能用begoingtodo Ifyouwanttoloseweight youmust shoulddoexercises IfyouwatchTV remembertoturndownthevolume b 非真实条件句 表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况 故采用虚拟语气 虚拟语气 1 在英语中 语气是动词的一种形式 用来表示说话人的意图或态度 英语的语气有三种 陈述语气 表示所说的话是事实 祈使语气 表示所说的话是请求或命令 虚拟语气 表示所说的话只是一种主观的愿望或假设或建议等 如果所表示的条件是真实的 或者完全有可能实现的 叫真实条件句 主句和从句的谓语都用陈述语气 如果所表示的条件不可能实现或者实现的可能性很小时 叫非真实条件句 主句和从句的谓语要用虚拟语气 2 在含有were had 或者should等词的虚拟条件句中 可以省略if 将were had或者should这些助动词放在句首 2 非真实条件句 虚拟语气 1 与现在事实相反从句主句一般过去时主 should would could VIftheywerehere theywouldhelpme 2 与过去事实相反 从句主句过去完成时should would could haveIfhehadgotupearlier hecouldhavecaughtthetrain 假如他早点起身的话 他本来能赶上那趟火车 If atthetime theBritishhadnotfearedinvasion itwouldhavebeencompleted 3 与将来事实相反 或者将来不可能发生的从句主句一般过去时主 should would could Vweretodo主 should would could Vshoulddo主 should would could VIfitsnowedtomorrow Iwouldstayathome Ifitweretoraintomorrow ourpicnicwouldbeputoff Ifitshouldrain thecropsmightbesaved 一 虚拟语气在条件句中 If 主语 动词的过去式 动词be用were 主语 should would might could 动词原形 If 主语 had 过去分词 主语 should would might could havedone 1 If 主语 动词过去式2 If 主语 wereto 动词原形3 If 主语 should 动词原形 主语 should would might could 动词原形 1 Therice ifyouhadbeenmorecareful A wouldnotbeburningB wouldnotburnC wouldnothaveburntD wouldnotburnt2 Ifmylawyer herelastSaturday he mefromgoing A hadbeen wouldhavepreventedB hadbeen wouldpreventC were wouldpreventD were wouldhaveprevented3 Ididn tseeyoursisteratthemeeting Ifshe shewouldhavemetmybrother A hascomeB didcomeC cameD hadcome 4 forthefreetickets Iwouldnothavegonetothefilmssooften A IfitisnotB WereitnotC IfithadnotbeenD Iftheyhavenot5 Youdidn tletmedrive Ifwe inturn you sotired A drove didn tgetB drove wouldn tgetC weredriving wouldn tgetD haddriven wouldn thavegot6 Ifshehadworkedharder she wouldsucceedB hadsucceededC shouldsucceedD wouldhavesucceed CADCDD 1 这些动词后面接的宾语从句 表示愿望 wish 命令 order command 建议 suggest advice propose recommend 要求 demand request require insist 等 除wish外 其它动词用should do构成 should可以省略 TomsuggestedthatAnn thehouse A sellB soldC shallsellD wouldsell A 1 IwishIwere30yearsyounger 我但愿自己能年轻三十岁 2 Iwish that youwouldgetagoodjob 我希望你能找到一个好职业 3 Hewishedhehadn tdoneit 他想要是他没这样做该多好 wish接宾语从句有