Robinson Crusoe1.ppt

DanielDefoe 1660 1731 BorntoamerchantfamilycommittedtoPuritanism Presbyterians SoundeducationatMorton sAcademy OnlyAnglicanscouldgraduatefromOxfordorCambridge 1684 MarriesMaryTuffley anheiresswith3 700ayear DanielDefoe 1 ThefirstEnglishnovelist realistic 2 atruerepresentativeoftheEnlightenment DanialDefoe ajack at all trades anovelistpoetpamphleteerpublishermerchantjournalistinterestedinpolitics Religion 天主教TheCatholicChurch英国国教清教长老派 独立派 新教 protestantism 的一个分支 Basedonhisownexperienceinprison 林纾近代 1852 1924 林纾是文学界皆知的著名文学翻译家 是我国近代文学翻译的奠基人 他开启了近代中国通往世界的文学窗口 在中国文学发展史上具有很高的地位 林纾还是古文学家 画家和诗人 在绘画方面 他留存有大量的画幅卷轴 还有画论以及长篇小说 文集 传记等37部作品 并遗存115篇短小说 诗和词曲等 清光绪十三年 1874 林纾跟随闽籍画家陈文台学绘画 一日未尝去书 亦未尝辍笔不画 自此 林纾多才的一生便与绘画不弃不离 在小说翻译界 林琴南可称的上是泰斗级人物 钱钟书的父亲钱基博先生曾说过 当清之季 士大夫言文章者 必以纾为师法 又说林琴南 遂以高名入北京大学主文课 在一百多年前 林琴南不懂外文 仅靠他人口述 以自身的文学素养 用地道的古文 暗合桐城派古文的义法 翻译了一百六十多部小说 其中六十多部是世界文学名著 有英 法 美 德 俄 希腊等十多国家的作家 如小仲马 莎士比亚 塞万提斯 托尔斯泰 狄更斯 司各得 易卜生 伊索 笛福 雨果 哈葛德等 堪称中国翻译史上的一个里程碑 Enlightment AgeofReason Time themid17thC the18thC startinFrancewholeEuropeDefinition anexpressionofstruggleoftheprogressiveclassofbourgeoisagainstfeudalism先进的资产阶级反抗封建主义的一种表达 Enlightment AgeofReason Ideas 1 Enlightenersbelievedthatfreedom democracy andreasonaretheprimaryvaluesofsociety 2 Theyalsostronglybelievedinscience Representatives AlexanderPope SameulJonson DanielDefoe Enlightment Peoplebelievein Theybelievedinself restraint self relianceandhardwork Towork toeconomizeandtoaccumulatewealthconstitutethewholemeaningoftheirlife Thisaspectofsociallifeisbest formedintherealisticnovelsofthe18thcentury Lead inQuestions 1 Ifyoucanbringonepersontoaccompanyyou whowouldyouchoose why 2 IfyouwereRobinsonCrusoe andyoucouldonlybring5itemswithyouintheisland whatarethey 3 Inyourview howlongcanyousurviveinaisolatedislandalone Histwenty eightyearsonanuninhabitedisland Therewasnothingbutsomejungles wildanimals abeast oragod Aristotletheman whoisunabletoliveinsociety orhasnoneedbecauseheissufficientforhimself mustbeeitherabeastoragod Crusoe 1810edition DanielDefoe TheFounderofEnglishNovel Defoe sRobinsonCrusoe 1719 60success aworldclassicBasedontheexperienceofAlexanderSelkirk realisticnovel Whatmajoreventstakeplaceinthenovel 1 shipwreck2 sleepsinatree3 salvageseverythingofvaluefromtfromthewreckedship alsotwocatsandadog4 buildsahome 5 setsacross acalendarposttomarkthedates time 6 fallsillandwhenrecovers repentsandreadstheBible7 trainsapetparrot raisesagoatformilk growwheatandbakesbread8 teachesFridaytospeakEnglishandbelieveinGodandeatlikeacivilizedman 9 failstostopapassingshipbycallingaloud tohissorrow 10 wearsanimalskinandthedogsdies feelslonely What stheRobinsonCrusoe sCharactersinourbook hardworkingperseverant坚韧不拔resourceful足智多谋extremelypracticalnotpious虔诚的optimisticrationalstrong willed What stheRobinsonCrusoe sCharactersinourbook orderly有条理的 arrangetimeandhisgadgetswell work sleep cautious sleepinatree keeppowderindifferentplaces patient days makeachair adventurous colonialmind What stheRobinsonCrusoe sCharactersinourbook RobinsonCrusoeisrepresentativeoftheEnglishbourgeoesieattheearlierstagesofitsdevelopment Heismostpracticalandexact alwaysreligiousandatsametimemindfulofhisownprofit What stheRobinsonCrusoe sCharactersinourbook 总结 advantages 优点1 Hisperseveranceinspendingmonthsmakingacanoe andinpracticingpotterymakinguntilhegetsitright ispraiseworthy 2 Additionally hisresourcefulnessinbuildingahome growingcropsetc isclearlyremarkable 3 Crusoe sbusinessinstinctsarejustasconsiderableashissurvivalinstincts hemanagestomakeafortuneinBrazildespiteatwenty eight yearabsenceandevenleaveshisislandwithanicecollectionofgold What stheRobinsonCrusoe sCharactersinourbook 总结 disadvantages 缺点4 ButCrusoe sadmirablequalitiesmustbeweighedagainsttheflawsinhischaracter Crusoeseemsincapableofdeepfeelings whenCrusoetellsusthathehasgottenmarriedandthathiswifehasdiedallwithinthesamesentence hisindifferencetoherseemsalmostcruel 5 Moreover Crusoeisratherdull Hispreciseanddeadpanstyleofnarrationtendstodraintheexcitementfromeventsthatshouldbethrilling 6 Finally inRobinsonwecanseeheisacolonist Heisveryinterestedinpossessions power andprestige Hecallshimselfkingoftheislandandmasterofthepeopleontheisland HeteachesFridaytocallhim Master evenbeforeteachinghimthewordsfor yes or no What stheRobinsonCrusoe sCharactersinourbook 总结 Conclusion Overall Crusoe svirtuestendtobeprivate hisindustry resourcefulness andsolitarycouragemakehimanexemplaryindividual Buthisvicesaresocial andhisurgetosubjugateothersishighlyobjectionable Inbringingbothsidestogetherintoonecomplexcharacter Defoegivesusafascinatingglimpseintothesuccesses failures andcontradictionsofmodernman What stheRobinsonCrusoe sCharactersinourbook 总结 LiteraryInfluenceofRobinsonCrusoe 1 RobinsonCrusoewasinfluentialincreatingacolonizationmythology 2 ThenovelistJamesJoycenotedthetruesymboloftheBritishconquestisRobinsonCrusoe HeisthetrueprototypeoftheBritishcolonist 小说家乔伊斯认为英国征服的真正象征是鲁滨逊克鲁索 他是英国殖民者的真正原型 3 IthasinspiredanewgenrecalledtheRobinsonade RobinsonCrusoeandColonialism JamesJoyceeloquentlynotedthetruesymboloftheBritishconquestisRobinsonCrusoe HeisthetrueprototypeoftheBritishcolonist Colonialismistheconsequenceofwesterncapitalaccumulation ThedefinintionofColonialism Colonialismreferstoaperiodofhistoryfromthelate15th 20thcenturywhenEuropeannationstatesestablishedcoloniesonothercontinents EdwardSaidOrientalism 1978 thetheory sfoundingwork Post Colonialism isaspecificallypost modernintellectualdiscoursethatconsistsofreactionsto andanalysisof theculturallegacyofcolonialism EdwardSaid赛义德Orientalism 东方主义 1978 thetheory sfoundingwork Colonialismreflectedin1 Themasterofpeople2 ThemasteroflandintheRobinsonCrusoe FridayvsMaster changedhislanguagehisreligionhiseatinghabitsfromcannibaltoacivilizedman Robinsonade literarygenre aliterarygenrethattakesitsnamefromthe1719novelRobinsonCrusoebyDanielDefoe Thesuccessofthisnovelspawnedenoughimitationsthatitsnamewasusedtodefineagenre whichissometimesdescribedsimplyasa desertislandstory Robinsonade literarygenre InthearchetypicalRobinsonade theprotagonistissuddenlyisolatedfromthecomfortsofcivilization usuallyshipwreckedormaroonedonasecludedanduninhabitedisland Hemustimprovise 临时凑合 themeansofhissurvivalfromthelimitedresourcesathand RepresentativesOfRobinsonade 1 WilliamGolding 1954威廉 戈尔丁LordoftheFlies 蝇王 1983 NobelPrize2 J M Coetzee 1986 南非 J M 库切Foe 福 alsoDisgrace 耻 2003 NobelPrize Foe福 SusanBarton acastawaywholandedonthesameislandinhabitedby Cruso andFridayastheiradventureswerealreadyunderway WhenBartonisbackinEnglandsheattempt