情态动词基本用法PPT课件.ppt

Whatare情态动词 modalverbs 情态动词的特点情态动词有一定的意义无人称和数的变化通常不带to 后接动词原形表示说话人的语气或情绪 1 情态动词备考方向 1 各情态动词的基本用法 2 易混淆情态动词的辨析 3 情态动词在特定语境中的用法4 虚拟语气中情态动词的用法 2 Howmanymodalverbscanyouremember modalverbs can could may might shall should must need dare oughtto usedto have hadto will would 3 1 can could 1 表示能力Hecanplaytabletennisquitewell 2 表示事物一时的特征 理论上的可能性It salwayswarmhere butsometimesitcanbeverycold He sgood tempered However hecanbehardtodealwithwhenoffended Evenanexperiencedteachercanmakemistakes 4 3 表示许可 允诺 Can CouldTomusethecar Yes hecan Youcanhavemyseat Iamgoingnow 4 表示推测1 Someoneisknockingatthedoor Whocanitbe CanitbeScarlet No itcan tbeher ShecalledfromTokyojustnow 2 Hecannothaveforgottenit 3 Theaccidentcouldhavebeenavoided 5 2 may might 1 表示请求 许可 May MightIcomein Yes youmay 2 表示可能性的推测Herappearancehaschangedsomuchthatyoumaywellnotrecognizeher It ssolate Ithinghemay mighthavegonetobed Youmighthavegivenhimmorehelp butwhydidn tyou 3 may用于祈使句表示祝愿Mayyousucceed Mayyoureturninsafe 6 3 must 1 必须MustIsay sorry Yes youmust No youneedn t Youmustseeadoctor 2 猜测 肯定 准是 ShemustbewatchingTVnow Theremustbesomemistake Itmusthaverainedlastnight Thegroundissowet 3 偏要 硬要 Ifyoumustsmoke pleasegoout 4 否定 表示 禁止 Youmustn tplaywithfire Youmayhurtyourself 7 must对比haveto 1 两词都是 必须 的意思 haveto表示客观的需要 must表示说话人主观上的看法 既主观上的必要 Mybrotherwasveryill soIhadtocallthedoctorinthemiddleofthenight Hesaidthattheymustworkhard 2 haveto有人称 数 时态的变化 而must只有一种形式 Hehadtolookafterhissisteryesterday 3 在否定结构中 don thaveto表示 不必 mustn t表示 禁止 Youdon thavetotellhimaboutit Youmustn ttellhimaboutit 8 4 Shall的用法 1 Shall常用于第一人称表示简单的将来Whenshallwellmeetagain IshallhavefinishedmyhomeworkbyFriday 2 shall用于第二 三人称表示 允诺或强烈的意志Itshallbedoneasyouwish Youshallgetabikeasyourbirthdaypresent B 肯定会发生的事情Thatdayshallcome C 命令或必须执行之事 ThislawshallhaveeffectinScotland 9 3 用于疑问句或表示提议的句子 请求听者决定之 1 Shallwegotogether Yes let s 2 ShallIgetyouachair Yes please 3 Shallthevisitorcomeinnow I dratherhecameinlater 10 5 Should的用法 用于表示义务或责任Youshouldn tdrinkanddrive Visitorsshouldinformthereceptionistoftheirarrival 2 用于表示劝告或推荐Heshouldstopsmoking Youshouldn tleavethebabyaloneinthehouse Theyshouldhavecalledthepolice 3 用于表示假定的结果IfIwasaskedtoworkonSundays Ishouldresign Weshouldmovetoalargerhouseifwehadthemoney 11 Should的用法 4 用于形容词anxious sorry concerned happy delighted等后接的从句中 Wearesorrythatyoushouldfeeluncomfortable Thatheshouldspeaktoyoulikethatisquiteastonishing 5 用于if和incase引导的从句表示某事不太可能 Ifyoushouldchangeyourmind doletmeknow Shouldanyonetelephone pleasetellthemI mbusy 12 6 用于sothat和inorderthat之后表示目的或动机 Heputthecasesinthecarsothatheshouldbeabletomakeanearlystart Herepeatedtheinstructionsslowlyinorderthatheshouldunderstand 7 用于表示请求的客气说法 Ishouldliketomakeaphonecall ifpossible Weshouldbegratefulforyourhelp 13 8 用于表达不成熟的意见 Ishouldsayshe soverforty IshouldimagineItwilltakeaboutthreehours 9 与疑问词连用表示不感兴趣 难以置信等HowshouldIknow Whyshouldhethinkthat Iturnedroundonthebusandwhoshouldbesittingbehindmebutmyex wife 14 oughtto和should 1 oughtto 比should语气强烈 一般用于肯定和否定句Theyoughttobetherebynow Yououghtnottobelateagain oughttohavedonesth shouldhavedonesth 本应该做某事而没有 oughtnottohavedonesth shouldnothavedonesth 本不应该做某事而做了 Theyoughttohavehandedinthepaperyesterday 他们本应当昨天交论文 Yououghtnottohavewastedyourtime 15 7 可兼做行为动词的情态动词 need dare 情态动词 动词原形 行为动词 need dare 1 无人称和数的变化 2 尤其用于 否定句及疑问句中 在if whether之后 或与hardly never noone nobody连用 3 常以needn t和daren t的形式出现 4 dare有其过去时dared 多用于肯定句 sb needtododaretodo sth needtobedone sth needdoing 16 2020 1 7 17 Idaren taskherforarise Howdidyoudaretotellherthat Iwonderwhetherhedarestandupinpublic Idon tknowhowshedarestowearthatdress 7 dare 18 Doyouneedanyhelp Iwonderwhetherheneedsenditimmediately Ineedhardlytellyouthattheworkisdangerous Thegardendoesn tneedwateringatthemoment Youneedn tfinishthatworktoday 7 need 19 判断正误 Howdareyousaysuchathing Howdareyoutosaysuchathing Hedaren ttospeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd didhe Hedaren tspeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd darehe 20 8 usedtodosth过去常常做某事 Iusedtogotothecinemaalot Heusedtobeaheavysmoker didn the Heusedtobeaheavysmoker usedn the 21 9 will 做助动词 表示单纯的将来 将Hewillbehomeatsix 他六点回家 做情态动词 1 表示意志 意愿 愿 要Youwillcome won tyou 你会来的 是不是 2 表示经常性 习惯性 经常 惯于 总是Thesethingswillhappen 这种事总是要发生的 22 9 would 助动词 will的过去式 表示过去将来时 将Shesaidshewouldcome 情态动词 1 表示意志 愿 要 偏要Itoldhertostopnagging butshejustwouldn tlisten 2 表示过去的习惯 总是 总会Hewouldsitsilentforhours 3 表示推测 大概 会Ithinkhewouldaccepttheinvitation 23 4 表示喜欢 意愿 愿意 要 想Iwouldliketohaveawordwithyou 5 表示虚拟 假设 条件等 要 将要 会 就会IfIwereyounger IwouldjoinyouintheexpeditiontotheAntarctic Woulditbeconvenientforyoutoleavetomorrow Wouldyoupleasecometonight 6 表示愿望 但愿 要是 多好Iwishyouwouldn tsmokeanymore 24 广东高考情态动词考查方向 语法天空1 should在虚拟语气中的使用2 情态动词表推测的用法阅读理解情态动词在虚拟语气中的使用 25 广东高考情态动词考查方向 should在虚拟语气中的使用1 表示将来的较小的可能性Ifsheshouldknowit shewouldtellme Ifitshouldraintomorrow wewouldstayindoors 2 Itishightimethatweshouldstartout 3 Itisstrangethatheshouldhaveactedtowardshisparentslikethat Itisimportant necessarythatweshouldlearnourmothertonguewell 26 should在虚拟语气中的使用 表示要求 建议 命令 请求的从句 Itissuggested advised commanded ordered required requested proposedthatsb shoulddosth Sb suggest advise thatsbshoulddosth Mysuggestion adviceisthatsbshoulddoHeputforwardthesuggestionthat 27 广东高考方向 表示推测 情态动词的重要用法 肯定的推测可能的推测否定的推测疑问的推测 must 对将来对现在对过去 情态动词 may might can t couldn t can could V V havedone bedoing Youmustbewrong Theymustbewaitingforsomeone Hemusthaveknownaboutit Hemaycomebybus I mnotsure Thefarmersmaybeharvestingthecrops Somethingbadmayhavehappened Youcan tbeserious Thereweresixpeopleinthecar Itcan thavebeenacomfortablejourney CanMr Brownbeathomenow Canitbetrue Canhehavepassedsuchadifficulttest 28 1 Idon tknowwheresheis She beinWuhan 2 Atthismoment ourteacher ourexampapers 这时 我们老师想必在批改试卷 3 Theroadiswet It lastnight rain may mustbemarking musthaverained 考考你 29 4 Peter comewithustonight butheisn tverysureyet A mustB mayC canD will5 Michael beapoliceman forheismuchtooshort A needn tB can tC shouldD may6 There