高中英语 Module 2 Traffic Jam试题（含解析）外研版必修4.doc

module 2 traffic jam交通堵塞是普遍存在的问题。如何解决这一问题呢？了解一下短文中的解决方法吧！看看是否合理。 as chinas economy grows at a fever pitch1, and more and more people are moving into the major cities and industrial centers, traffic congestion becomes the order of the day. traffic congestion not only creates headaches for commuters, but also reduces productivity by taking away valuable time from work. this sickness that plagues2 our cities must be at least put under control, if not cured. some people insist that more roads be built to accommodate the increase in traffic, while others think that enlarging the capacity of public transit systems (buses, subway, trains) is the answer. building more roads would mean a lot of land will be takennot a very good prospect for economic, agricultural, and environmental reasons. on the other hand, forcing everyone to take public transit will bring inconvenience to those whose use of their cars is essential to their work. putting more buses on the road may have the opposite effect as big buses tend to clog3 up narrow streets. building an extensive subway system can be the ideal answer, but that is very expensive. clearly, we cannot go for one single solution. a compromise4must be struck between the different solutions. my personal view is that for cities that have plenty of unused land, more roads should be built. having special lanes reserved for bicycles and motorcycles should encourage more people to use bicycles and motorcycles instead of cars. as a long-term solution, extensive subway, or surface monorail5 systems should be built for all the major cities. 【知识点击】1.pitch n.程度 2.plague v.折磨；使苦恼 3.clog v.阻塞；堵塞 4.compromise n.妥协，和解；折中 5.monorail n.单轨铁路 【自主探究】1.whats the best title for this passage? (no more than 10 words) _ 2.whats the meaning of the underlined word in the second paragraph? (no more than 1 word) _ 3.in the writer s opinion, what cities should build more roads? (no more than 10 words) 【参考答案】1.how to reduce chinas traffic congestion 2.transport/transportation 3.the cities that have plenty of unused land.全球交通拥堵排行榜出炉 泰国曼谷居首 plentyofdriverscomplainaboutrushhourtraffic,butsomehavemoretogripeaboutthanothers.许多司机都抱怨上下班高峰期的交通拥堵，但是相比之下有些地方的司机怨声会更大。bangkokhastheworsteveningrushhourtrafficintheworldforasecondconsecutiveyear,accordingtogpsmanufacturertomtom.根据gps生产商tomtom的调查结果，曼谷连续第二年成为全球晚高峰堵车最严重的城市。theresultswerecompiledaftertomtomtrackedayears-worthoftrafficin390citiesacross48countries.该结果是tomtom根据对48个国家390个城市交通状况的多年追踪数据汇总而成的。tomtomsseniortrafficexpertnickcohnsaidthatthailand-andmanyotherbigcitiesatthetopofthecongestionranking-havebecomevictimsoftheirownsuccess.growingeconomiesandsurgingpopulationstranslateintomoretrafficandcommuters.tomtom的高级交通专家尼克?科恩说，泰国和很多其他在拥堵榜上排名靠前的大城市已成为自身成功的牺牲品。增长的经济和扩张的人口意味着更多的车辆和通勤者。itwouldbeachallengeforanycitygovernmentkeepthingsmoving,hesaid,notingthatasmorepeoplehavemovedtobangkokslow-densitysuburbs,commutertraffichasworsened.他说：任何城市的政府想让交通顺畅都不容易。他指出，随着越来越多的人搬到曼谷人口密度较低的郊区居住，通勤带来的交通拥堵变得更严重了。whilemexicocityhasthesecondworsteveningrushhourtrafficintheworld,tomtomconsidersthemexicancapitaltobetheworldsworstcityforfull-daytrafficcongestion.尽管墨西哥城在晚高峰拥堵榜上排名第二，tomtom认为墨西哥城是全球全天交通拥堵最严重的城市。itcouldbemiddleofthedayorlateatnight,butitsjustreally,reallycongested,saidcohn.科恩说：拥堵可能发生在中午或深夜，不论发生在何时，堵起来都很严重。mexicocityhasanextensivesubwaysystembutitdoesntextendouttowhereallthepopulationgrowthishappening,hesaid. peopledonthavealotofoptionsforgettingtowork.他说：墨西哥城有分布广泛的地铁系统，但是很多人口增长最迅速的地区并没有覆盖到。人们上班也没有太多其他交通工具可选择。moscow,whichranksasthefifthworstcityforeveningrushhourtraffic,washigheruptherankingsinpastyears.butcongestionhaseasedabitsincecityofficialsintroducednewparkingrules.晚高峰拥堵榜第五名的莫斯科在过去几年排名更靠前。自从该市的政府官员引进停车新规后，交通拥堵有所缓解。cohnsaidthecitynowchargesforsomeparking,whichreallychangedpeoplesbehavior.科恩说，该市现在开始针对部分停车行为收费，这确实改变了人们的行为。istanbulhasalsoseenamodesteasingoftrafficcongestionbecauseauthoritieshavemadeapointtoprovidemorereal-timetrafficdatatodrivers.thishelpedpeopleplantheirdrivesandavoidseveretrafficjams.伊斯坦布尔的交通拥堵也有一些改善，因为当局设法为司机提供了更多实时交通数据。这有助于人们制定出行计划，避开严重的交通阻塞。itsstillterriblebutthereisaslightdecrease,hesaid.科恩说，伊斯坦布尔的堵车仍然很严重，但是比原来稍微好一点了。theonlyamericancityinthetop15islosangeles.itstrafficcongestionhasworsened,butitsbeenmovingdowntherankingoverthepastfewyearsasotherglobalcitiesexperiencemoreacutetrafficproblems.唯一登上拥堵榜前15名的美国城市是洛杉矶。洛杉矶的交通拥堵比以前恶化了，但是它的排名在过去几年却下降了，这是因为世界上的其他城市遭遇了更棘手的交通难题。 .核心单词1._vt.展示；陈列2._n.收据3._n.车费4._n.目的地；终点5._vt.提供6._vt.吹响(乐器，号角等)7._n.心情；心境8._adj.郊区的；市郊的_n.郊区9._n.执照；许可证_n.允许10._adj.给人印象深刻的_v.给以印象；使铭记_n.印象11._adj.方便的_n.便利；方便12._vt.探索_n.探索者_n.探索13._vi.反应_n.反应，回应14._n.解答；答案_vt.解决15._n.执照；登记_vt.记录；登记.重点短语1.与相连_2.被困在_3.马上；一会儿_4.到处旅行；四处走动_5.under construction_6.switch off_7.keep cool_8.no way_.核心单词1.vide6.blow7.mood8.suburban；suburb9.permit；permission10.impressive；impress；impression11.convenient；convenience12.explore；explorer；exploration13.react；reaction14.solution；solve15.registration；register.重点短语1.be connected to2.be/get stuck in3.in no time4.get around5.正在建设之中6.关上(电灯、电视等)；断掉(电源)7.保持冷静8.没门；肯定不重点词语1.permit n.许可证 vt.& vi.允许，准许(1)允许某人做某事permit doing sth允许做某事sth permitting. 许可的话(独立主格)(2)permission n. 允许，许可with/without ones permission 获取某人同意/没有获得某人许可ask for permission 请求允许2.provide vt.提供provide sth for sbprovide sb with sth向提供某物provide forsupport赡养，养活provided (that)providing (that)on condition thatso/as long as倘若，在情况/条件下provide提供(事先准备好的必需品)。常用结构：provide sth for sb或provide sb with sthsupply补给，供给(不足的人员或设备)。常用结构supply sb with sth或supply sth to/for sboffer主动提供、出价。常用结构：offer sb sth或offer sth to sb3. convenient adj.便利的，方便的(1)it is/was convenient for sb to do sth某人干某事方便be convenient to/for sb对某人来说是方便的(2)convenience n.方便，便利at ones convenience 在某人方便的时候for ones convenience 为了某人方便【名师点睛】convenient只能用物/事作主语或用it作形式主语，而不能用人作主语。4.be/get stuck in 被困在we were stuck in traffic for over an hour.我们遇上堵车，堵了一个多小时。(1)与be stuck in 同义的短语有：be trapped in/be caught in(2)get过去分词强调动作，常指意想不到的，突然的或偶然的情况，或谈论自身做的动作。常见的有：get burnt被烧伤，被烫着get separated 被分散get dressed/washed 穿衣/洗脸get lost/married 迷路/结婚 5.get around 到处旅行；四处走动；(消息等)传开news soon got around that he had resigned.他辞职的消息很快传开了。get sth across (to sb)将(想法、信息等)传达(给某人)；使理解get along/on with.进展，与相处get down to doing. 认真开始/着手做get over从(疾病、失望等中)恢复；克服(困难)；解决(问题)get through通过(考试)；完成(工作或任务)；打通电话；度过6. under construction 正在建设之中the bridge under construction is 300 metres long.正在修建的那座桥有300米长。under attack遭受攻击under repair 在修理中under control 在控制中under discussion 在讨论中under treatment 治疗中under examination 在检查中under consideration 在考虑中【名师点睛】以上under构成的短语中，名词的前面没有冠词；under在此时的含义是(工作)在中，正被中，表示主语所处的状态。 重点句型剖析1.its a good idea to have your destination written in chinese. 把你的目的地用汉语写出来是个好主意。 本句中的have your destination written in chinese是have sth done结构，该结构含义有：(1)使某事被做(主语有意识的行为，可能是主语自己做，也可能让别人做)(2)遭遇(此事违背主语的意愿)have sth done意为让/叫/使/请别人做某事或表示宾语的遭遇、经历。宾语sth后面用过去分词作宾语补足语，说明sth与过去分词所表示的动作之间为被动关系have sb do sth意为让/叫/使某人做某事。同义短语还有make/let sb do sth, get sb to do sthhave sb/sth doing意为叫/让/使某人做某事或让某种情况发生，表示宾语与现在分词所表示的动作之间为主动关系，且动作正在进行或在延续have sth to do意为有事要做，have不是使役动词，而是有的意思，不定式to do充当sth的定语【语境巧记】yesterday, jack had his hair cut. however, when he returned home, he found he had had his document stolen. he was so worried because his boss would have him work on weekends if he lost it.昨天，杰克(请人给他)理发了。但是，当他回到家时，他发现他的文件被偷了。他非常着急，因为如果他丢失了这份文件，他的老板会让他周末工作的。2. whats more, central london shops did not lose business even though there were fewer cars. 而且，即使经过的汽车减少了，伦敦市中心店铺的生意也没有减少。even though意为尽管，即使，用来引导让步状语从句，even though可用even if替换。高考试题一体裁话题词数难度建议时间 议论文马路安全隐患376 6(2015湖南阅读理解a篇)forget cyclists, pedestrians are real dangerwe are having a debate about this topic. here are some letters from our readers. yes, many cyclists behave dangerously. many drivers are disrespectful of cyclists. but pedestrians are probably the worse offenders. people of all ages happily walk along the pavement with eyes and hands glued to the mobile phone, quite unaware of what is going on around them. they may even do the same thing while crossing a road at a pedestrian crossing or elsewhere. the rest of us have to evade (避让) them or just stand still to wait for the unavoidable collision. the real problem is that some pedestrians seem to be, at least for the moment, in worlds of their own that are, to them, much more important than the welfare of others. michael horan i love the letter from bob brooks about cyclists (viewpoints, may 29). i am afraid they seem to think they own the roads. i was walking across altrincham road one morning when a cyclist went round me and on being asked what he was doing he shouted at me. the government built a cycle lane on the road but it is hardly used. the police do nothing. what a laugh they are! the cyclists should all have to be made to use the cycle lanes and wear helmets, fluorescent (发荧光的) jacket and lights at night and in the morning they should pay some sort of tax and be fined for not wearing them. carol harvey cyclists jump on and off pavements (which are meant for pedestrians), ride at speed along the pavements, and think they have a special right to go through traffic lights when they are on red. i was almost knocked down recently by a cyclist riding on the pavement when there was a cycle lane right next to him. other road users, including horse riders, manage to obey the rules so why not cyclists? its about time they had to be registered and insured, so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle, or cause an accident, at least they can be treated and there might be an opportunity to claim. jml write to viewpoints of the newspaper.56.michael horan wrote the letter mainly to show that _.a. drivers should be polite to cyclistsb. road accidents can actually be avoidedc. sine pedestrians are a threat to road safetyd. walking while using phones hurts ones eyes57.carol harvey suggests that cyclists should _.a. be provided with enough roadsb. be asked to ride on their own lanesc. be made to pay less tax for cyclingd. be fined for laughing at policemen58.what is a complaint of jml? a. very few drivers are insured.b. cyclists ride fast on pavements.c. pedestrians go through red traffic lights.d. horse riders disrespect other road users.59.the underlined word they in the third letter refers to _.a. accidentsb. vehiclesc. pedestriansd. cyclists60.the three letters present viewpoints on _.a. real source of road dangerb. ways to improve road facilitiesc. measures to punish road offencesd. increased awareness of road rules【语篇解读】本文围绕一个主题展开一场争论谁才是马路安全隐患的威胁。56.c 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的最后一句话：but pedestrians are probably the worse offenders.(但是，路人可能才是更严重的罪犯)可知michael horan的观点是，路人对道路安全存在威胁，故选c 57.b 【解析】细节理解题。根据第八段的开头：the cyclists should all have to be made to use the cycle lanes and wear helmets.可知carol harvey建议骑自行车的人应该在他们应该走的车道去骑。故选b58.b 【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第四段第一句话：cyclists jump on and off pavements(which are meant for pedestrians)，ride at speed along the pavement, and think they have special right to go through traffic lights when they are on red可知jml抱怨骑自行车的人骑的太快，对道路安全产生隐患，故选b59.d 【解析】细节推理题。最后一段说到：its about time they had to be registered and insured, so when they do hit a pedestrian or a vehicle, or cause an accident, at least they can be tranced and there might be an opportunity to claim.jml希望对自行车拥有者登记，当他们撞到行人或者车辆、制造出车祸的时候，他们能够被追查到，所以they在此指的是cyclists。故选d60.a 【解析】主旨大意提。根据文章的标题和所有读者的来信不难发现这篇文章主要是围绕到底谁（自行车或者行人）才是道路安全存在的隐患。故选a高考试题二体裁话题词数难度建议时间议论文鼓励人们要回归走路 3658(2014天津阅读理解d篇)people arent walking any moreif they can figure out a way to avoid it.i felt superior about this matter until the other day i took my car to mail a small parcel. the journey is a matter of 281 steps. but i used the car. and i wasnt in any hurry, either. i had merely become one more victim of a national sickness: motorosis.it is an illness to which i had thought myself immune(免疫的), for i was bred in the tradition of going to places on my own two legs. at that time, we regarded 25 miles as good days walk and the ability to cover such a distance in ten hours as a sign of strength and skill. it did not occur to us that walking was a hardship. and the effect was lasting. when i was 45 years old i racedand beata teenage football player the 168 steps up the stature of liberty.such enterprises today are regarded by many middleaged persons as bad for the heart. but a wellknown british physician, sir adolphe abrhams, pointed out recently that hearts and bodies need proper exercise. a person who avoids exercise is more likely to have illnesses than one who exercises regularly. and walking is an ideal form of exercisethe most familiar and natural of all.it was henry thoreau who showed mankind the richness of going on foot. the man walking can learn the trees, flowers, insects, birds and animals, the significance of seasons, the very feel of himself as a living creature in a living world. he cannot learn in a car.the car is a convenient means of transport, but we have made it our way of life. many people dont dare to approach nature any more; to them the world they were born to enjoy is all threat. to them security is a_steel_river thundering on a concrete road. and much of their thinking takes place while waiting for the traffic light to turn green.i say that the green of forests is the minds best light. and none but the man on foot can evaluate what is basic and everlasting.51. what is the national sickness?a. walking too much.b. travelling too much.c. driving cars too much.d. climbing stairs too much.52. what was life like when the author was young?a. people usually went around on foot.b. people often walked 25 miles a day.c. people used to climb the statue of liberty.d. people considered a tenhour walk as a hardship.53. the author mentions henry thoreau to prove that_.a. middleaged people like getting back to natureb. walking in nature helps enrich ones mindc. people need regular exercise to keep fitd. going on foot prevents heart disease54. what is compared to a steel river in paragraph 6?a. a queue of cars.b. a ray of traffic light.c. a flash of lightning.d. a stream of people.55. what is the authors intention of writing this passage?a. to tell people to reflect more on life.b. to recommend people to give up driving.c. to advise people to do outdoor activities.d. to encourage people to return to walking.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。作者认为全国的人们都患了一种病motorosis，即人们过多地使用汽车，而不走路。作者把现在的自己和年轻时的自己走路做了对比，同时又用专家的观点来证明自己的观点以此鼓励人们要回归走路。51. c【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的最后一句中的a national sickness: motorosis以及前文的 the journey is a matter of 281 steps. but i used the car.可知作者提到的全国通病就是人们开车太多了。可知c项正确。52. a【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的内容，作者年轻时靠自己的双腿去某个地方，一天走25英里路，从没感觉走路是一种痛苦。由此可知，作者年轻时人们通常靠自己的双脚到处走动。可知a项正确。53. b【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段中的第一句it was henry thoreau who showed mankind the richness of going on foot.可知作者提到henry thoreau是为了证明用脚走路可以丰富人类的大脑。可知b项正确。54. a【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词组后面的while waiting for the traffic light to turn green.可知是车在等交通灯变绿，所以这里是指一排车。可知a项正确。55. d【解析】推理判断题。总览全文，可知我用自己的亲身经历告诉读者现在很多人都依赖车，不自己走路了，而走路使人身体健康，丰富人的内心。作者同时引用名人名言，进一步证明自己的观点，其目的都是在鼓励人们重新回归走路。所以d项正确。高考试题三（2015江苏）请阅读下面文字及图表,并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章.1. 用约 30 个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；2. 结合上述信息，简要分析导致交通问题的主要原因；3. 根据你的分析，从社会规范(rules and regulations)和个人行为两方面谈谈你得到的启示(不少于两点)。1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3. 不必写标题。内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。【参考范文】the traffic issue is a hard nut to crack. it not only affects our everyday life, but may also threaten peoples lives. the three selections presented above are typical examples.quite a few things give rise to the traffic problem. in spite of the large-scale construction of roads and highways, there is still much room for improvement, because of the ever increasing number of cars these years. what s worse, some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to obey traffic rules.in fact, traffic rules are part of the rules and regulations closely related to public order. without them, people could not enjoy harmony or the country would be in chaos. but rules alone dont secure an orderly society. it is the people who obey the rules that matter. it is everybodys duty to observe them to keep our society in order and going on the right track. i. 完形填空this morning, i started very late in my car to my office. i was in a 1to reach my office as my clients were waiting for me there. unfortunately, i got 2 in a