黑龙江省七台河市2017高考英语一轮阅读理解指导性选练四.doc

黑龙江省七台河市2017高考英语一轮阅读理解指导性选练四【2016高考英语阅读理解训练】阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案。 the first tape recorder didnt use tape. it used long thin wire. it was invented in 1900 by valdermar poulsen. in 1930, german scientists invented the tape we use today. back then the tape was on big rolls. in 1964 the philips company in holland invented the cassette. its pretty much a holder for the tape. people use cassettes all over the world. if you dont have a cassette recorder, borrow one. think of a book your parents read out loud to you. that might be a great book to read out loud to your mom or dad in their car. put a cassette in the recorder, open the book, hit the record button and start reading out loud. remember there is no such a thing as a wrong way to do this. you might think youve made a mistake, but this gift is part of you, and nothing about that can be a mistake. its impossible. you get to be all artistic and creative here. you might want to play music in the background. do whatever you want. the gift is you, so you decide. remember to say “i love you”at the end of your reading. thats like the prize at the end of the book. 1. why does the author mention the history of tape recorders in paragraph 1? a. to inform readers of new inventions. b. to lead into his following suggestion. c. to give an example of his suggestion. d. to show the importance of tape recorders2. what does the author advise us to do? a. to read a book to our parents in their car b. to ask our parents to record a book. c. to make a gift for our parents. d. to practice reading out loud. 3. why does the author say it is impossible to make a mistake in paragraph 3? a. because the tape shows your true love. b. because its easy to use a tape recorder. c. because the music is what your parents like. d. because its impossible to find a mistake in the book.参考答案1-3b ca 【甘肃省天水市第一中学2016届高三上学期期末】beijing, april 2-starting from this year, the beijing municipal health bureau will begin to promote a home medical service. with this service a medical team which is made up of a doctor, a nurse and a medical health worker will be sent to some communities in the city. they will set up a medical filing recorder for every resident in community and publicize their contact information to them. if people in the community feel sick, they can consult their community doctor first. if community doctors cannot treat their illness, they will then be transferred to large hospitals. liang wan, deputy director of the beijing municipal health bureau, made the statement last friday . in addition ,the beijing municipal health bureau will set up some funds to train home medical service workers for families whose members suffer either from high blood pressure, diabetes, cerebral apoplexy , or coronary heart disease . the home medical service workers will remind patients to take pills on time and lead the patients to follow some health tips in their daily life. they will also learn some practical knowledge to save patients in case of an emergency .the work will first begin in the medical service room in the 25 community centers and spread to all communities in beijing. the disease prevention and control centers at various counties and districts in beijing will be responsible for teaching community doctors and giving home medical service lectures, or advice . these workers will not be able to work until they pass related examination and obtain the work certificates. it is expected that by the end of this year, there will be 10000 home medical service workers in beijing .1. where does a person go to see first if he gets sick according to the passage ?a. the community clinics. b. large hospital .c. private clinic . d. small hospital .2. which of the following is not true according to the passage?a. the medical team which is made up of a doctor, a nurse and a medical health worker will set up a medical filing record for every resident. b. the home medical service workers not only give some healthy suggestions to the patients, but also learn practical knowledge about first aid.c. some funds will be provided by beijing municipal health bureau for home medical service training.d. the government aims to offer the home medical service for free.3. if you want to work as a home medical worker, you need to _.a. receive the training about medical service. b. pass related examinations.c. obtain the work certificates. d. all the above.4. what can we learn from the passage?a. all communities in beijing have started home medical service.b. people in beijing will not easily get ill.c. medical service in beijing will be promoted greatly in the future.d. the other cities in china should learn from beijing.【答案】 1a2d3d4c2. d 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句with this service a medical team which is made up of a doctor, a nurse and a medical health worker will be sent to some communities in the city.可知a正确。根据第二段最后两句the home medical service workers will remind patients to take pills on time and lead the patients to follow some health tips in their daily life. they will also learn some practical knowledge to save patients in case of an emergency .可知b项内容正确；根据第二段第一句in addition ,the beijing municipal health bureau will set up some funds to train home medical service workers for families whose members suffer either from high blood pressure, diabetes, cerebral apoplexy , or coronary heart disease .可知c项内容正确。文章中并没有提到免费提供医疗服务。故d项内容不正确。3. d 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二、三句the disease prevention and control centers at various counties and districts in beijing will be responsible for teaching community doctors and giving home medical service lectures, or advice . these workers will not be able to work until they pass related examination and obtain the work certificates.可知直到接受医学治疗方面的培训、通过考试以及拿到工作合格证的医护人员才可以开展工作。故d正确。4. c 推理判断题。根据文章第一句beijing, april 2-starting from this year, the beijing municipal health bureau will begin to promote a home medical service.可知北京市正在开展医学治疗、提高社区医疗服务水平的新活动接着详细介绍了这一活动的具体内容，有详细的计划也有资金支持。所以未来北京的医疗服务一定会有很大的提升。故c正确。【名师点睛】本文考查了三个细节理解题。细节题的考点非常明确，主要有以下几处：1、列举信息处常考。文章中firstsecond, to begin with, in addition, on one hand, on the other hand等并列关系出现的地方，常会要求考生从所列的内容中，选择符合题干要求的选项。2、举列与打比方之处常考。考生要对那些引出例子或比喻的标志词，如as, such as, for example, for instance等加以注意，因为这些词是作者为使自己的观点更具说服力而用来引出具体事例的，这些事例就是常考的细节处。3、指示代词出现处常考。这类考题常用来考查学生是否真正了解上下文句子之间的逻辑关系。4、引用人物论断处常考。作者为正确表达自己的观点或使论点更有依据，常会引用某些权威人士的论断或采纳其重要的发现。5、特殊标点符号后的内容常考。因为特殊标点符号后的内容往往是对前面内容的进一步解释或说明，同学们注意到这些标点，也就注意到了细节。这些特殊符号包括表示解释的破折号、括号和冒号以及表示引用的引号等。另外，事实细节题的选项也很有特点：通常正确答案不是照搬的原文；干扰选项则正好相反，有的来自原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容 ；有的符合常识，但不符合原文内容；有的与原句内容极为相似,只是在程度上有些变动；有的与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反；也有的是部分正确或部分错误。二、解题方法1. 跳读查找法。这个方法的要点在于先看题干，带着问题读文章。以what, who, where, when, why, how 提问的问题，可以从文章中直接找到答案。同学们做这类题时可以边读边做记号，能加强阅读的针对性，提高做题的准确率，节省宝贵的时间，这是做事实细节题最基本也是最常用的方法。一般来说，细节题主要考查考生对某句话或某几句话的理解，同学们若能根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案。另外，运用跳读查找法解题时，同学们要特别注意试题以及选项与原文之间的适当变换。根据近几年的中考题情况来看，很少有直接用原文中的句子进行考查和测试的，通常要进行一定的处理，而这种“处理”主要就是进行语义转换，其中包括同义变换、概念解析、归纳事实等。2. 排除法排序题也属于事实细节题的一种题型，它通常出现在说明文中。这类文章有明显的信息词，如first, to begin with, after that, afterwards, later, next, second, third, then, finally等。按照信息词的提示阅读，可以加快理解的进程。在做细节排序题时，首先要确定首或尾的答案，通常四个选项中会有两个选项的顺序类似，正确答案往往在这两个选项中选择，找到两者的不同之处，回到原文，进行核对，一旦确定，后面的排序就不用再比较了。3. 简单计算法数字计算题也是事实细节题的一种，要求对文章中提到的数据进行简单的加减乘除运算，以便得出符合题目要求的数据。解答这类题目时，考生首先要弄清题干的要求是什么，然后找到与它相关的数字，再对它们进行分析、整合，最后计算出正确答案。细节题占阅读理解的比例很大，阅读时要特别注意以下几点：第一，阅读时，利用这类关键词和词组that is to say, above all, especially, mainly等，把握文章的思路和脉络。另外在问题的选项中表示绝对意义的词first （第一），least （最不），always （总是），never（永不），all（所有），none（一个也不），any（任何） 和表示唯一性的词汇only（只有） , just（仅仅），往往是命题的陷阱，因此要多加注意。第二，阅读时，必须以原文提供的事实、细节和逻辑关系为依据，切忌把自己的观点和看法与原文或作者的观点、看法混为一谈。第三，文章中的数字、日期、时间都是设题的重点，此类题目很少是文章中表层出现的数字或日期，通常需要做简单的计算。阅读能力的提高非一朝之功，需要一个过程。同学们应该持之以恒，进行有计划、有目的的阅读实践，提高阅读能力。考点：考查新闻类阅读由 (2012浙江瑞安中学高三5月适应性测试)改编many people have never heard of mesothelioma and are unaware of its symptoms.although considered a rare form of cancer,each year the number of cases grows.with the prevalence(流行)of this disease on the rise,it is critical to understand why and how mesothelioma develops and what courses of action can be taken in the event of diagnosis.the following is a list of frequently asked questions and answers that will provide you with some information on mesothelioma,and the legal issues surrounding it.what is mesothelioma?mesothelioma is the term used to describe a cancerous tumor found in the mesothelial cells of an organ.the organs where this form of cancer is most commonly found are the lungs,heart and abdominal organs.pleural mesothelioma is cancer of the lung lining(组织,膜)and is the most common form of mesothelioma.what causes mesothelioma?mesothelioma is almost always caused by exposure to asbestos(石棉).asbestos is often found in building materials used before the mid 1970s.in addition,materials such as pipes,boiler insulation,floor,ceiling and roof tiles may contain asbestos.how much asbestos exposure will cause mesothelioma?generally,the probability of developing this form of cancer is in accordance with the length of time you are exposed to asbestos.also,your health is at risk if your exposure to asbestos is intense.it should be noted that mesothelioma has a latency(潜伏)period of 20 to 50 years.this means that you may develop the disease long after your exposure to asbestos.on average,people tend to develop mesothelioma somewhere between 35 and 40 years after exposure.how quickly does mesothelioma progress?the onset of mesothelioma is quite slow.patients will begin to experience symptoms such as lower back pain and chest pain.these symptoms may also be accompanied by weight loss,fever and difficulty breathing.unfortunately,once mesothelioma develops,it quickly becomes aggressive and treatment must be sought immediately.can mesothelioma be treated?doctors are able to use several traditional methods of cancer treatment for mesothelioma,including surgery,chemotherapy and radiation.like all forms of cancer,detecting the disease at the earliest stage possible greatly increases the patients chances for survival.if you have worked in an industry such as construction or suspect that you may have been exposed to asbestos,be alert for symptoms and contact your doctor immediately.what legal courses of action can be taken?anyone suffering from mesothelioma is entitled(有资格) to compensation(补偿)from asbestos manufacturers.additionally,if you are the spouse or child of someone who has died from mesothelioma,you are entitled to file a claim and seek compensation.13. the author intends to .a. tell the readers how important it is to know more about mesothelioma.b.provide more information about mesotheliomac.give advice on how to avoid developing mesotheliomad.tell the readers how terrible mesothelioma is14. we can learn from the text that .a.asbestos is to blame for mesotheliomab.even if a person is exposed to asbestos for a while,he will die soonc.all the employees can ask for compensation from asbestos manufacturersd.mesothelioma is a cancer familiar to many people15. the following are the symptoms of mesothelioma except .a.frequent headacheb.lower back painc.chest paind.difficult breathing16. which of the following would be the best title for the text?()a.terrible mesotheliomab.mesothelioma is around usc.frequently asked questions about mesotheliomad.mesothelioma is on the rise17. if you work in an industry exposed to asbestos,you should .a.give up the job immediatelyb.ask for a rise from your bossc.file a claim and seek compensationd