重庆市高考英语 阅读理解选编44.doc

重庆市2017高考英语阅读理解选编（44）【2016高考模拟题】（由2014大纲卷d改编） metro pocket guidemetrorail(地铁)each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out. up to two children under ago five may travel free with a paying customer.farecard machine are in every station, bring small bills because there are no change machines in the station and farecard machine only provide up to $ 5 in change.get one of unlimited metrorail rides with a one day pass. buy it from a farecard machine in metro stations. use it after 9:30 a.m. until closing on weekdays, and all day on weekends and holidays.hours of service open: 5 a.m monfri 7a.m. satsun. close: midnight sunthur. 3a.m. frisat. nights last train time vary. to avoid (避免) missing the last train, please check the last train time posted in the station.metrobuswhen paying with exact change, the fare is $ 1.35 . when paying with a smattrip card the fare is $1.25fares for the senior /disabled customerssenior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare. on metrorail and metrobus, use a senior/disabled farecard or smartrip card. for more information about buying senior/disabled farecards, or smartrip cards and passes, please visit metroopend or call 202-637-7000 and 202-637-8000.senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper metrobus and metrorail services by calling 202-962-1100travel tipsavoid riding during weekday rush periods before 9:30 a.m. and between 4 and 6 p.m.if you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call lost & found at 202-962-1195.1. what should you know about farecard machines? a. they start selling tickets at 9:30 a.m. b. they are connected to change machines. c. they offer special service to the elderly. d. they make change for no more than $5. 2. at what time does metrorail stop service on saturday? a. at midnight b. at 3 a.m. c. at 5 a.m. d. at 7 p.m.3. what is good about a smartrip card?a. it is convenient for old people b. it saves money for its usersc. it can be bought at any time d. it is sold on the internet.4. which number should you call if you lose something on the metro?a. 202-962-1195 b.202-962-1100 c.202-673-7000 d.202-673-8000文章大意：本文是一则地铁使用指南，介绍了乘坐地铁以及metrobus各方面要注意的信息，包括零钱，时间以及注意事项等等。1.d。 细节题。根据metrorail(地铁)部分第4行farecard machine only provide up to $ 5 in change.可知换的零钱只有5美元。故d正确。2. b。本题原文里没有提供信息（可能是扫描版遗漏）3.b 。推理题。根据metrobus部分when paying with exact change, the fare is $ 1.35 . when paying with a smattrip card the fare is $1.25，可知使用smattrip card支付，会比直接付钱省了$0.1，所以它对于用户来说是可以省钱的。故b正确。4.a。细节题。根据文章最后一行if you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call lost & found at 202-962-1195.可知如果丢了东西，可以拨打电话202-962-1195。故a正确。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。【2014山东省潍坊市高三联合考试】apart from psychological illness，we are all largely responsible for our own emotional health.what we say to ourselves over and over for days，weeks，months，and sometimes years，has a great effect on how we see ourselves.this also contributes to many mental health disorders.many of us have problems with negative thoughts playing on the channel of our minds，but if youre buried in them and believe them，they could be wearing your sense of selfesteem (自尊)here are a few beliefs that indicate you may need to switch the channel：im not good enough？/i dont deserve.？/no one likes me？/im a failure?negative thoughts remind you of your bad feelings and they bring your focus on your failures，and they get you nowhere.what can you do？here are some suggestions：switch the channel when negative thoughts appear.selftalk is not so obvious that we often dont notice its effect on our mood and belief systems.key things to notice are “if only” or “what if” statements：the former keeps you stuck in the past with regret，while the latter keeps you fearful of the future.there is nothing you can do about the past，and the future isnt here yet，so stay in the present moment.recognize that actions always follow beliefs.youll find yourself behaving in ways that are consistent to your beliefs.so，start believing the best about yourself：act as if you believe that youre a valuable and worthy person.develop positive selftalk rather than negative selftalk.instead of always looking down upon yourself in your head，think of some things you actually like about yourself.what are your strengths？what are you good at？instead of saying “im a loser”，try saying，“i am capable./im good at./i accept myself the way i am.”thinking poorly about ourselves gets us nowhere and is extremely selflimiting.decide today to turn off the negative selftalk channel in your mind and develop your true potential.1from the first two paragraphs we can learn that_.alots of people have no sense of selfesteembfocusing on negative thoughts may have bad effect on peoplecnegative thoughts will strengthen our sense of selfesteemdfew people have negative thoughts and mental problems2the underlined word “wearing” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to_.astrengthening bprotectingcweakening dreplacing3what do the suggestions in the text tell us?aour beliefs always come after actions.bpositive selftalk does good to our mental health.clooking down upon ourselves is a sign of modesty.d“what if” keeps you stuck in the past with regret.4the text encourages us to_.aget rid of negative thoughtsbget anywhere we likecthink highly of othersdturn off the selftalk channel5this text is most likely to appear in_.aa recreation guide ba medical journalca science textbook da travel brochure语篇解读文章主要告诉大家抛弃消极的思想，培养积极的思想。1解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“what we say to ourselves over and over for days，weeks，months，and sometimes years，has a great effect on how we see ourselves.this also contributes to many mental health disorders.”以及第二段中的“many of us have problems with negative thoughts playing on the channel of our minds”可以判断出，消极的思想会对人产生不利的影响，故答案为b。答案：b2解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前后的内容可知，这里指的是消极的思想可能会减弱人们的自尊感。故wearing在此与weakening的意思最接近，表示“减弱”。答案：c3解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后四段的内容可推知，积极的自我暗示对我们的心理有益，故b项正确。答案：b4解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章鼓励我们抛弃消极的思想。答案：a5解析：推理判断题。由于本文主要说明的是消极思想和积极思想对人们所产生的影响，故本文最有可能出现在医学杂志上，选b。答案：b.。【2016高考训练】阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。close your eyes for a minute and imagine what life would be like if you had a hundred dollars less.also imagine what it would be like spending the rest of your life with your eyes closed.imagine having to read this page，not with your eyes but with your fingertips.with existing medical knowledge and skills，twothirds of the worlds 42 million blind should not have to suffer.unfortunately，rich countries possess most of this knowledge，while developing countries do not.orbis is an international nonprofit organization which operates the worlds only flying teaching eye hospital.orbis intends to help fight blindness worldwide.inside a dc8 aircraft，there is a fullyequipped teaching hospital with television studio and classroom.doctors are taught the latest techniques of bringing sight back to people here.project orbis also aims at promoting peaceful cooperation(合作) among countries.orbis tries to help developing countries by providing training during threeweek medical programs.orbis has taught sightsaving techniques to over 35,000 doctors and nurses，who continue to cure tens of thousands of blind people every year.orbis has conducted 17 plane programs in china so far.for the seven to ten million blind in china，orbis is planning to do more for them.at the moment an orbis team is working on a longterm plan to develop a training center and to provide eye care services to shanxi province.orbis needs your help to continue their work and free people from blindness.for just us $38，you can help one person see；for $380 you can bring sight to 10 people；$1,300 helps teach a doctor new skills；and for $13,000 you can provide a training program for a group of doctors who can make thousands of blind people see again.your money can open their eyes to the world.please help orbis improve the quality of life for so many people less fortunate than ourselves.1the first paragraph is intended to _.aintroduce a new way of readingbadvise the public to lead a simple lifecdirect the publics attention to the blinddencourage the public to use imagination2what do we learn about existing medical knowledge and skills in the world?athey are adequate.bthey have not been updated.cthey are not equally distributed.dthey have benefited most of the blind.3orbis aims to help the blind by _.ateaching medical studentsbtraining doctors and nursescrunning flying hospitals globallydsetting up nonprofit organizations4what does the author try to do in the last paragraph?aappeal for donations.bmake an advertisement.cpromote training programs.dshow sympathy for the blind.5what can be the best title for the passage?aorbis in chinabfighting blindnesscorbis flying hospitaldsightsaving techniques参考答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一个旨在帮助失明人士的组织orbis。大家行动起来和orbis一起，来帮助那些失明的朋友们。小小的捐助，就可以使他们和我们一样去感受这个世界的美好。1c解析：考查写作意图。综观全文，作者希望大众通过想象失明人士的生活，以此引起人们对失明人士的关注，故选c。2c解析：考查细节理解。根据第二段最后一句话可知目前的医疗知识和技术分配不均衡。3b解析：考查细节理解。根据文章第三段和第四段首句可知orbis通过培训医务人员来帮助失明人士。4a解析：考查段落大意。由文章最后一段中不同金额的捐款所能产生的积极效果可知，最后作者是号召大众捐款帮助提高失明人士的生活质量。5c解析：考查标题判断。本文关键词为orbis，文章通篇都在介绍orbis通过他们的flying hospital帮助失明人士。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。(2013长沙市二模，b)these days, there are very few wild animals left in the uk. the wolves have gone. the bears have been hunted to extinction. fortunately, there are a few badgers (獾)oh, well, actually, not for long as the british government has just decided to kill them too! but why?badgers are fascinating creatures. the black and white mammals live underground in “setts”， which they dig out of the earth. they are extremely brave, fighting off larger animals such as bears and wolves. the problem is that some badgers carry “bovine tuberculosis”(btb), an infectious disease caused by the bacterium mycobacterium bovis (m. bovis) which can cause tb in some other animals, including cattle.for farmers, this is a serious issue. in 1998 in the uk, almost 6 000 cows were killed to control the disease. and in 2010, more than 30 000 animals were destroyed. its expensive too. bovine tb costs the uk about 100 million per year. and some believe that the disease could end up costing the economy 9 billion over the next 40 years if nothing is done about it.experts say that badgers are responsible for about 50% of the infected cattle. so, after much debate, the government has agreed to a badger cull (杀戮). this will mean about 30 000 of the innocent creatures will be wiped out to fight the disease. environment secretary caroline spelman admitted that there was “great strength of feeling” about it, but said, “i believe this is the right way forward.”of course, many are against the measure, including conservationists and animal rights activists. they claim that killing the badgers in controlled zones wouldnt work because badgers from neighboring areas would simply move into the empty setts and become infected too. furthermore, they believe that the way cattle are raised intensively, and transported around to lots of different farms during their lives is probably the biggest cause of the spread of the disease.most ordinary people are against the measure too. a survey suggests about twothirds are against killing the badgers, with majorities against killing them regardless of age, region and gender. one of the alternatives to the cull involves using vaccine (疫苗) on badgers. however, this costs an average of 2 250 per year per square kilometer. trapping and shooting badgers costs 2 500 per year, but shooting freerunning badgers only costs about 200 per year (per square kilometer)so, with that in mind, its easy to see how the government arrived at their decision. money talks!文章大意：本文是一篇新闻报道。在英国，一些獾身上携带tb病菌，这种病菌会传播给牲畜，从而给农民带来巨大的损失。政府不顾多数人的反对，决定采取行动来杀掉獾，因为对他们来说，这样做的代价相对来说较低。1why does the government want to kill the badgers?abecause there is no other choice to cut the spread of the disease.bbecause badgers carry tb, a disease which can infect other animals.cbecause they almost wiped out an entire population of cattle.dbecause it might be an effective way to fight tb at the least expense.答案：d细节理解题。根据文章第二段中第四句“the problem is that some badgers carry bovine tuberculosis (btb).”及倒数第二段最后一句“. shooting freerunning badgers only costs about 200 per year (per square kilometer)”可知，杀死獾可能是以最低价来对抗tb传播的有效办法。故答案选d。2which of the following statements is true?asome people object to culling beca