黑龙江省虎林市2017高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解训练题1.doc

黑龙江虎林市2017高考英语一轮阅读理解训练题阅读理解。a recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the african elephant is divided into two distinct(不同的) species.the discovery was made by researchers at york and harvard universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephantsthe asian elephant, african forest elephant, and african savanna elephant.once they obtained dna sequences (序列)from two fossils (化石), mammoths and mastodons, the team compared them with dna from modern elephants. they found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as asian elephants and mammoths.the scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the african savanna elephant and the african forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years. the divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of asian elephants and woolly mammoths. this result amazed all the scientists.there has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species, but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.previously, many naturalists believed that african savanna elephants and african forest elephants were two populations of the same species, despite the elephants significant size differences. the savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5 metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5 metres. the savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. but the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. however the proof lay in the analysis of the dna.alfred roca, assistant professor in the department of animal sciences at the university of illinois, said, “we now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation purposes. since 1950, all african elephants have been conserved as one species. now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinctive animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority (优先) for conservation purposes.”本文讲述了一项新的科学发现：通过对非洲森林大象和非洲草原大象dna的鉴定，科学家们得出结论：它们是两种不同的物种。我们要保护这些珍稀动物。1one of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of _athe asian elephant bthe forest elephant cthe savanna elephant dthe mastodon elephant 答案：d。细节理解题。由第3段第一句话“.two fossils，mammoths and mastodons.”可知d项正确。2the underlined word “divergence”in paragraph 4 means “_ ”aevolution bexhibition cseparation dexamination 答案：c。词义猜测题。科学家门一直在证明非洲森林大象和非洲草原大象是两种不同的物种，他们之间的分歧使科学家们大为惊讶。3the researchers conclusion was based on a study of the african elephants _.adna bheight cweight dpopulation答案：a。细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句话“however the proof lay in the analysis of the dna”可知。4what are alfred rocas words mainly about?athe conservation of african elephants.bthe purpose of studying african elephants.cthe way to divide african elephants into two units.dthe reason for the distinction of african elephants.答案：a。推理判断题。由文章最后一段“.for conservation purposes”可知a项正确。5which of the following can be the best title for the passage?anaturalists beliefs about elephantsbamazing experiments about elephantscan unexpected finding about elephantsda long scientific debate about elephants答案：c。主旨大意题。全文讲述了关于非洲大象的一项意外的发现。2016高考训练题。阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。my left foot (1989)imagine being a prisoner of your own body, unable to make any movements except to move your left foot. the main character in my left foot，based on the real story of cerebral palsy (大脑性麻痹) sufferer christy brown，can barely move his mouth to speak, but by controlling his left foot, hes able to express himself as an artist and poet. for his moving performance of brown, daniel lewis won his first academy award for best actor. shine (1996) do you have a talent youre afraid to share with the world? david helfgott seemed meant from childhood to be “one of the truly great pianists,” but the pressures of performing (and pleasing his father) resulted in a complete breakdown. ten years in a mental institution didnt weaken helfgotts musical gift: when he was rediscovered, he was playing concertos in a bar. shine received seven oscar nominations (提名), and geoffrey rush won best actor for his performance of helfgott.life is beautiful (1997) nothings more powerful than the love between a parent and a child. in this heartbreaking italian film, a father (roberto benigni) makes an unbelievable sacrifice for his 4-year-old son: trapped in a nazi concentration camp in 1945, the jewish man convinces his boy that they are playing a complicated game. he manages to spare him the horror of the terrible war, and even in his final moments of life, keeps his son smiling and hopeful. benigni won the best actor oscar. stand and deliver (1988) few people can inspire us more than a good teacher. jaime escalante (edward james olmos got oscar nomination for best actor) is a great one. employed at a high school where kids are expected to fail, escalante challenges his math students to struggle for better things, like getting good grades in the ap exam. despite the obstacles in their lives, the classmates accomplish their goals, thanks to mr. escalantes support. the real jaime escalante, the best teacher in america, says that stand and deliver is “90% truth, 10% drama.”1. the underlined part in the passage means _. a. the main character in my left foot cant control his whole bodyb. the main character in my left foot is trapped by othersc. the main character in my left foot is a prisonerd. the main character in my left foot is a disabled person2. if you want to watch a movie about wars, which may be one of your choices?a. life is beautiful. b. stand and deliver. c. shine. d. my left foot.3.which of the following is true according to the four movies information?a. my left foot was directed by christy browns b. geoffrey rush stayed in a mental institution for ten yearsc. edward james olmos received nomination for best actor oscard. jaime escalante has a talent for playing the piano4. what do the four movies have in common? a. they are all based on real stories.b. the main characters are all sick to some degree but succeed.c. the main characters all won academy award for best actor.d. they are all inspiring stories that make a difference.参考答案14、dacd 阅读理解as the railroads and the highways shaped the american west in the past centuries, a new electrical generating（发电）and transmission（输送）system for the 21stcentury will leave a lasting mark on the west, for better or worse. much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. the same is true of big solar pants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.the 19th century saw land grants（政府拨地）offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads ,leaving public land in between privately owned land . in much of the west ,some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped ,and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management, with the completion or the interstate highway system ,many of the small towns which sprang up as railway stops and developed well ,have lost their lifeblood and died .big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the west .this is not an argument against building then ,we need alternative energy badly .and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now .so trade-offs will have to be made .some scenic sport will be sacrificed .some species (物种)will be forced to move ,or will be carefully moved to special accommodations ,deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects .the lasting effects of these trade-offs are another matter .the 21st century development of the american west as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money to do a lot of good .but it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroad and the highway.the money set aside in negotiated trade offs and the institution that control will shape the west far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines .so lets remember the effects of the railroad and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the west .( ) 1.what was the problem caused by the construction of the railways?a. small towns along the railways became abandoned.b. some railroad stops remained.c. land in the west was hard to manage.d. land grants went into private hands.( ) 2. what is the major concern in the development of alternative energy according to the last two paragraphs?a. the transmission of power b. the use of money and power c. the conservation of solar energy d. the selection of an ideal place ( ) 3.what is the authors attitude towards building solar plants?a. cautious b. approving c. doubtful d. disapproving ( ) 4.which is the best title for the passage?a. how the railways have affected the west b. how solar energy could reshape the west c. how the effects of power plants can be reduced d. how the problems of the highways have been settled【文章大意】说明文。文章说明的是一种新的太阳能电力系统是如何或好或坏的影响美国西部地区的。1.答案c。细节理解题。由文章第二段in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management ,with the completion or the interstate highway system可知。2.答案b。细节理解题。由文章alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money to do a lot of good和文章最后两段内容可以看出。3. a 态度题，作者由铁路和高速公路在西部建设过程中出现的好的和坏的影响来说明solar plants 在西部建设也会出现同样的问题。他是担心的caution4. b 主旨大意题。文章说明的是一种新的太阳能电力系统是如何或好或坏的影响美国西部地区的。太阳能电力系统会重塑美国西部。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。【2013黄浦区】(c) throughout the centuries, various writers have contributed greatly to the literary treasure trove of books lining the shelves of todays libraries. in addition to writing interesting material, many famous writers, such as edgar allan poe, were larger-than-life characters with personal histories that are as interesting to read as the stories they wrote. poes rocky life included being driven off from the united states military academy at west point in 1831 and an ongoing battle with alcohol. yet, despite heavy gambling debts, poor health, and terrible unemployment, poe managed to produce a body of popular works, including “the raven” and “the murders in the rue morgue.”herman melville, author of moby dick, once lived among the man-eaters in the marquesas islands and wrote unusual tales inspired by his years of service in the u.s. navy. dublin-born oscar wilde was noted for his charismatic personality, his outrageous lifestyle, and creating witty catchphrases such as, “nothing succeeds like excess.” d.h. lawrence wrote shameful novels that were often cut, and anne rice led a double life writing bestselling horrible novels under her real name and using “a.n. roquelaure” for the lowbrow unhealthy novels she penned on the side. nonconformist(不墨守成规的)author and naturalist henry david thoreau once fled to the woods and generated enough interesting material to fill his noted book walden. thoreau wrote on the issue of passive resistance protest in his essay “civil disobedience” and served time in jail for refusing tax payments in protest of the united states governments policy towards slavery. american short story writer o. henrys colorful life was ruined by tragic events, such as being accused and sentenced for stealing money from an austin, texas bank. despite his success selling his short stories, o. henry struggled financially and was nearly bankrupt when he died. as diverse as these famous authors backgrounds were, they all led unconventional lives while writing great literary works that will endure throughout the ages. the next time you read an interesting book, consider learning more about the author by reading his or