长难句学案.doc

华容一中 高三英语二轮复习专题 阅读理解之长难句阅读理解专题之长难句学案1. 学习目标：掌握一些分析长难句的基本方法；通过真实语境的练习，掌握分析长难句的方法；提升阅读理解方面语言输入以及语言输出的能力。2、学习重点：帮助学生掌握一些分析长难句的基本方法。3、学习难点：通过真实语境的练习，掌握分析长难句的方法；提升阅读理解方面语言输入以及语言输出的能力。Step 1 Lead in1. 真题回顾（1）2015（全国卷 B Paragraph 4）Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Browns Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where- luckily for me- I was planning to have dinner that very night. Without even seeing the menu, I knew Id be ordering every tomato on it. 27. What was the author going to that evening? A. Go to a farm. B. Check into a hotel. C. Eat in a restaurant. D. Buy fresh vegetables. （2）. 2015（全国卷 C Paragraph 1）Salvador Dali (1904-1989) was one of the most popular of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly the Persistence of Memory. There is also LEnigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artists showman qualities. 28. Which of the following best describe Dali according to Paragraph 1? A. Optimistic. B. Productive C. Generous. D. Traditional. 2.方法指导：“三长两短一并列”所谓“三长”，就是构成长难句的三种较长修饰成分(即 ， ， )；所谓“两短”，指的是镶嵌于句子之中的、会稍稍提高句子复杂度的两种较短修饰成分(即 ， )。而除了“三长两短”之外，另外一个使句子变得复杂的结构就是“平行并列结构”。“平行并列结构”是由一些并列关系的连词( 等)将句子变长的重要手段。 三步长难句分析法Step1. 做标记（预处理）做标记时应按照上文中的方法，给“三长”加括号，给并列词加方框，给并列项划下划线。 Step2:做直译 Step3: 调语序 Step 2 小试牛刀1.每日长难句Try to translate each sentence by using the methods below and pick out some useful phrases （1） The Department of Agriculture has programs aimed at developing more farmers and at increasing interest in locally grown food. (19 词，来自 2012年江苏卷阅读理解 B 篇)Translation:Useful phrases:以为目标提高利润（2）. The government ought to invite some experts in agriculture to share their experiences, information and knowledge with peasants, which will contribute directly to the economic growth of rural areas.Translation:Useful phrases: 邀请某人做某事与某人分享某事 有助于Step3高考模拟Finish these reading within8. Discuss their answers with their partners.In the animal kingdom, weakness can bring about aggression in other animal. This sometimes happens with humans also. But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people. I see it every day when people hold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat. And I have discovered that it makes them happy.From my wheelchair experience, I see the best in people, but sometimes I feel sad because those who appear independent miss the kindness I see daily. They dont get to see this soft side of others often, we try every way possible to avoid showing our weakness, which includes a lot of pretending. But only when we stop pretending were brave or strong do we allow people to show the kindness thats in them.Last month, when I was driving home on a busy highway, I began to feel unwell and drove more slowly than usual. People behind me began to get impatient and angry, with some speeding up alongside me, horning (按喇叭) or even shouting at me. At the moment I decided to do something I had never done in twenty four years of driving. I put on the car flashlights and drove on at a really low speed.No more angry shouts and no more horns!When I put on my flashlights, I was saying to other drivers, “I have a problem here. I am weak and doing the best I can.” And everyone understood. Several times, I saw drivers who wanted to pass. They couldnt get around me because of the stream of passing traffic.（4） But instead of getting impatient and angry, they waited, knowing the driver in front of them was in some way weak.Sometimes situations call for us to act strong and brave even when we dont feel that way. But those are and far between. More often, it would be better if we dont pretend we feel strong when we feel weak or pretend that we are brave when we are scared.26. the author has discovered that people will feel happy when _. A. the offer their help B. they receive others help C. they feel others kindness D. they show their weakness27. The author feels sad sometimes because _. A. he has a soft heart B. he relies much on others C. some people pretend to be kind D. some people fail to see the kindness in others28. What did the other drivers do when they saw the flashlights?A. They speed up to pass. B. They waited with patience. C. They tried their best to help. D. They put on their flashlights too.29. In this passage, the author advises us to _. A. handle problems by ourselves B. accept help from others C. admit our weakness D. show our bravery对文中划线的句子长难句分析一.I see the kindness every day when people hold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat.按要求答题：1 写出when 引导的从句的谓语 _ _ _2 将上面这句话译成中文:二.From my wheelchair experience, I see the best in people, but sometimes I feel sad because those who appear independent miss the kindness I see daily.按要求答题：1 用中文回答： Who miss the kindness I see daily ? _2 将From my wheelchair experience, I see the best in people译成中文：三But only when we stop pretending we are brave or strong do we allow people to show the kindness that is in them. More often, it would be better if we dont pretend we feel strong when we feel weak or pretend that we are brave when we are scared.按要求答题：1 将上面这句话译成中文: 四 But instead of getting impatient and angry, they waited, knowing the driver in front of them was in some way weak.按要求答题：1 将上面这句话译成中文: Step 4 Summary:不同句子类型的长难句使用不同的分析方法简单句并列句复合句另外，我们还要注意：同位语（插入语等）,指示代词注意句中是否有特殊句型，如倒装，强调。注意句中是否有惯用词组或搭配。拓展训练：A 难度约相当于真题B篇：A petition(请愿书)with some 75000 signatures is asking a Florida school district to change the name of a high school that is named after Nathan Bedford Forrest. According to Marsha Oliver chief of communications for the Duval County School District, it doesnt matter how many people sign the petition because the process for changing a schools name is community-based and the final decision is up to the school board.The school board was asked by the School Advisory Council in April 2007 to change the name but the board voted 5-2 against it. Its membership has changed since then.The school, located in Jacksonville, was named after Forrest when it opened with white students only in 1959, a name suggestion that came from an organization called Daughters of the Confederacy. Now, more than half of the schools students are African-American.1. Which of the following has the power to change the high schools name?A. Nathan Bedford Forrest. B. Marsha OliverC. the school board D. the School Advisory Council2. What can we learn about Nathan Bedford Forrest High School?A. It is located in Long Island B. Most of its students are white now.C. Nathan Bedford Forrest chose its nameD. The Daughters of the Confederacy chose its nameB.难度约相当于真题C篇Two eight-week old male cheetahs（猎豹）, are about to start their new life at the Dallas Zoo with an unusual cage mate - A eight-week old male black Labrador Retriever puppy（拉布拉多猎犬） named Amani.When the cheetahs got into the zoo, they were surprised to be greeted by an equally cute room-mate! Little Amani whose name meanspeaceinSwahilihas been placed there because experts believe that he will not only be a good playmate for the wild cats, but also, provide a calming influence on the naturallyaggressiveanimals. Thats because dogs, especially Labradors, are very comfortable in public settings and seeing Amanis calmbehavioraround the thousands of visitors may help the cheetahs realize that the humans have no threat to them.This is going to be especially important in the case of these two because they are going to be part of the zoosAnimal Adventure Outreach Programto help teach the public about their highlyendangered species. As to whether themethodwill work and if the unusual companions will get along and continue being mates when the cheetahs grow older, it is anybodys guess. But for now, the three babies seem to be getting along just fine.3 . After living with Amani, the cheetahs _A. may realize humans are friendlyB. can influence Amani greatlyC. will not play with AmaniD. may fight with Amani4. What is the authors attitude towards the future life of the unusual companions?A. Hopeful B. Surprised C. Uncertain D. UninterestedPlease finish the exercise within 68 minutes. Children with a stutter (结巴) do not suffer disadvantages at school, a new Australian research suggests. More than ten percent of children have a stutter by the age of four but they score just as high as other children on tests designed to judge their language, thinking skills and character.Professor Reillys team studied over 1600 children from Melbourne, Australia. Their mothers had been filling out regular questionnaires since their babies were eight months old and the children were judged by a range of language and behavior tests when they reached the age of four. Reilly and her colleagues asked the parents to call the study group if their children started showing signs of stuttering. Diagnoses were confirmed by a researcher, who then visited the homes of children with a stutter every month to check on their progress.By the age of four, 181 of the children studied had been diagnosed with a stutter. Follow-up visits to the 181 children who were judged after diagnoses showed just nine no longer had a stutter one year later. Stuttering children scored 5. 5 points higher than that of their non-stuttering children on language tests and 2. 6 points higher on the test of non-verbal intellige