外研版高中英语选修6 Module5 Grammar.ppt

外研版高二年级 选修6 Module5 英语课件 GrammarSubjunctive 虚拟语气的概念 语气 语气是一种动词形式 表示说话人的意图或态度 英语中有陈述语气 祈使语气和虚拟语气三种语气 虚拟语气是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实 而是一种假设 猜测 怀疑等 在条件从句中 二是表示说话人的主观愿望 要求 命令 建议等 在宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句中 一 虚拟语气在条件句中的运用 1 与现在事实相反 表示与现在事实相反的条件和结果 1 IfIwonthelottery Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar 2 IfIhadalotofmoneynow Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld 3 Ifitwerefinenow Iwouldgoshopping 4 Ifeveryoneinthecountryknewfirstaid manyliveswouldbesaved 5 Ifthepeasantscouldfarmthelandthemselves foodproductionwouldbemuchhigher 2 与过去事实相反 表示与过去事实相反的条件和结果 1 IfIhadhadtimelastnight Iwouldhavegonetoseethefilmwithyou 2 Ifhehaddrivenmorecarefully hewouldnothavehadthecaraccidentyesterday 3 IfIhadlearnthowtoswim Iwouldnothavebeentrappedinthisisland 4 Ifthehurricanehadhappenedduringthedaytime therewouldhavebeenmanymoredeaths 3 与将来事实可能相反 表示与将来事实可能相反的条件和结果 1 IfIsawhimtomorrow Ishouldtellhim 2 IfIweretodoit Iwoulddoitinadifferentway 3 Ifitshouldbenecessary Icouldcomeatsix 1 含有虚拟语气的条件状语从句中 如有had should were这三个词 在正式或书面语言中可将if省略 再将句子的主语和谓语动词实行部分倒装 注意 1 Hadtheytime Iftheyhadtime theywouldcertainlycomeandhelpus 2 Shoulditbefine Ifitshouldbefine wewouldgoforanouting 3 WereIyou IfIwereyou Iwouldgo 2 有时候 条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作 发生的时间不一致 这时 动词的形式要根据表示的时间来调整 这种句子可以称为错综复杂条件句 1 Ifithadrainedlastnight 过去 Iwouldbeverycoldtoday 现在 2 IfIhadtakenyouradvice 过去 Ishouldhavenotroublewiththeworknow 现在 3 有时候 假设的情况不以条件从句表示 而是通过一个介词短语来表示 有时可以通过上下文或其他方式表示 这种句子称为含蓄条件句 1 Wecouldhavedonebetterundermorefavouriteconditions 2 Hewouldhavegivenyoumorehelp buthehasbeensobusy 3 Suchmistakescouldhavebeenavoided ifwehadbeenmorecareful 4 Butforyourhelp wecouldn thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime 5 Withoutair therewouldbenolivingthings 6 Withyourhelpwecouldhavedonebetter 7 IfonlyIwereabird 二 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用1 在动词suggest order demand propose request insist require desire等后的宾语从句中 用虚拟语气 即should 动词原形 来表示愿望 建议 命令 请求等 常见动词 一个坚持 insist 坚持要求 两个命令 order command三个建议 advise suggest propose五个要求 demand require request desire ask 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法 即从句中的动词使用should 动词原形 或者将should省略 1 Isuggestthatwe should setoffatonce 2 Theyrequestedthatwe should sendadelegationtotheircountry 3 Thedoctorsuggestedthatshe should notsmoke 4 Heinsistedthatshe should gofirst 我们建议Tom去休息一下 他坚决要求我到场 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作 WesuggestedthatTom should havearest HeinsistedthatI should bepresent Thekingorderedthattheprisoners should bekilledthenextday Theyrequestedthatwe should sendthemtoworkthere 2 wish that subject apasttense 与现在事实相反 1 IwishIwereasstrongasyou 2 Iwisheverydayweremybirthday 3 Iwishyouwerealittletaller wish that subject pastperfect 与过去事实相反 1 Iwishyouhadtoldmeearlier 2 IwishIhadnevermethim 3 Iwish wishedIhadn teatensomuchwatermelon 4 Thepartywasawful IwishIhadnevergonetoit wish that subject would将来不大可能实现的愿望1 Iwishitwouldraintomorrow 2 Iwishyouwouldsucceedthistime 3 Iwishyoucouldflybacktome 三 虚拟语气在其他名词性从句中的运用 ItisdesiredthatItissuggestedthatItisrequiredthatItisdemandedthatItwasorderedthat should ItwasproposedthatItisimportant essential necessary thatItisapity ashame strange that 1 Itisdemandedthatenergyshouldbesaved 2 ItisimportantthatheshouldstudyEnglishbeforegoingabroad 3 Itisagreatpitythatheshouldbealwayscareless 在suggestion proposal idea plan order advice等名称后的表语从句 同位语从句中Oursuggestionisthatyou should bethefirsttogo Myadviceisthatwe should sendforDoctorLiDoyouknowtheorderthatyou should keepwatch 注Itis high timethatyouweretobed Iwouldratheryoucametoseemetomorrow wouldratherthat 现在 过去 未来 Iwouldratheritwerewinternow Iwouldratheryouhadgone too Don tcome Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow 过去时were did 过去时were did 过去完成时haddone 现在 过去 未来 It s about high time that should V 过去时 你该走了 我们该上课了 It shightimethatyouwent It shightimethatyoushouldgo It stimethatwehadaclass It stimethatweshouldhaveaclass 四 虚拟语气在状语从句中的运用以asif asthough引起的状语从句 其谓语形式与wish后的宾语从句相同 asif though 从句 现在 过去 过去时 过去完成时 Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson Itseemsasifitwerespring 注意 从句情况如果很有可能发生 也可用陈述语气 1 Itseemsasifitwerespringalready 2 HetalksasifhewereNapolean3 Itlooksasifitmightrain 4 Hetalksasifhehadbeentothemoon 5 Theyaretalkingasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears 6 Hetalksasifhewouldgotothemoon 7 Takecareincaseyoushouldcatchcold Correctthewrongsentences 1 Iftheweatherwasniceyesterday wewouldhavegonetothezoo 2 Hewereyou hewouldgohomeatonce 3 Ishouldhavecomehereearly butIhadbeenbusy hadbeen Wereheyou Ifhewereyou was GRAMMARSubjunctive s b d ktiv 虚拟语气 1 Lookatthesentencesfromthelisteningpassage Choosethecorrectanswers page62 A Ifitwaseasy I dbearichmanbynow B Ifdidn tbelievethat I dbeinadifferentjob C Ifthathappened itwouldbeterrible D Ifwewereabletodothat itwouldbewonderful 1SentencesAandBreferto a animaginarysituationinthepresentorfuture b arealsituationinthepresentorfuture2SentencesCandDreferto a asituationthatwillprobablyhappen b asituationthatmaypossiblyhappen 3Intheifpartofthesentence weuse a thepasttense b thepresenttense4InSentenceA I dmeans a Ihad b Iwould 1 clonedwouldfeel2 didn tallowwouldbe3 metwouldrunaway4 were waswouldbe5 livedwerewouldbe Completethesentences Puttheverbsintothecorrectform Page62 1 for 2 of 3 had 4 would 5 why 6 would 7 met saw 8 would 9 more 10 if 11 go fly travel 12 were 13 would 14 but 15 could 4 Completethepassage Page63 I 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 1 Iwishyou stay herealittlelongernexttime 2 Iwishmyfather be athomenow fornoonecanhelpmeworkouttheproblem 3 I dratheryou go atonce 练习坊 wouldstay were went 4 Theemergencyrequiredthatallthetasks complete atleasttwodaysaheadoftime 5 Hissuggestionisthathe send toTibet 6 IwishthatI notw