（全国用）2018版高考英语大一轮复习 Unit 5 First aid教师用书 新人教版必修5.doc

unit 5first aid话题词汇1victim n受害者2bleeding n流血3slippery adj.滑的4first aid skills急救技能 5turn/go white变白6rescue breathing人工呼吸7be under treatment在治疗中8stick to粘住9out of place不适当10check for a pulse检查脉搏话题佳作假如你是李华，是你校英语校报的小记者，近期校报开设了“急救知识”专栏，请你根据以下要点写一篇英语新闻稿，介绍被动物咬伤后如何进行急救。1先在流动的冷水下冲洗伤口若干分钟；2冲洗之后用酒精(alcohol)继续擦洗伤口；3伤口不宜包扎，尽量暴露伤口；4立即去医院注射狂犬疫苗(rabies vaccine)。佳作欣赏knowing a knowledge of first aid makes a difference to ones life.if youre bitten by an animal，here are some ways for you to deal with the wound.first，you should wash the wound with cold running water for several minutes as soon as possible.after that，you should continue scrubbing the wound using alcohol to prevent it from being infected with bacteria.whats more，youd better not bandage the wound，leaving it exposed to the air as much as possible.the most important thing to do is go to a hospital immediately to inject rabies vaccine.remember these tips and maybe you will save others lives some day.名师点睛此类说明文多用到祈使句，但本文在表达的过程中尽量使用了一些复杂句代替，这是一个非常好的做法。其时态、语态均使用准确。而且非谓语动词也能运用自如，如using alcohol to prevent it from being infected with bacteria及leaving it exposed to the air as much as possible等；同时擅长运用句型、连接词来增加文章表达的多样性和连贯性，如first，after that，whats more，the most important thing.等的使用。a写作必记单词1aid n& vt.帮助；援助；资助(1)in aid of作为的帮助；为了with the aid of在帮助下come/go to sb.s aid来(去)帮助某人(2)i aided him to manage(manage) the factory.2poison n毒药；毒害；vt.毒害；使中毒poisonous adj.有毒的3variety n变化；多样(化)；多变(性)vary v变化various adj.各种各样的用法点拨a variety of各种各样的，后接名词作主语时，谓语动词原则上与它所修饰的名词的数保持一致；the variety of的种类，后接名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。a variety of animals survive there.那里存留下来许多品种的动物。there was a variety of fruit in the shop.商店里有各种各样的水果。the variety of goods in this shop is rich.这家商店的货物品种丰富。4tight adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的5firm adj.(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的firmly adv.坚固地；稳定地6ceremony n典礼；仪式；礼节7bravery n勇敢；勇气brave adj.勇敢的8treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待；n.款待；招待(1)treat.as.把看作(2)now，electric shock training and medical treatment (treat) are helping to rescue these big birds.(2016北京)(3)my friend treated me to a birthday dinner.(填介词)9apply vt.涂；敷；应用；运用；vi.申请；请求；使用；有效(1)apply to sb.for.向某人申请apply oneself to专心于；专注apply to适用于，应用于(2)ive finished the application(apply) form and personal resume.(2016全国)(3)the book doesnt apply to beginners.(填介词)(4)she applied herself to learning(learn) english.10pressure n压力；挤压；压迫(感)press v(被)压，按b阅读识记单词11temporary adj.暂时的；临时的12injury n损伤；伤害injure v损伤；伤害injured adj.受伤的13bleed vi.& vt.流血bleeding n流血14choke vt.& vi.(使)噎住；(使)窒息15barrier n屏障；障碍(物)the two countries are going to meet to break down some barriers to trade between them.(填介词)(2014天津)16complex adj.复杂的17mild adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的18heal vt.& vi.(使)康复；(使)化解19scissors n剪刀20unbearable adj.难以忍受的；不能容忍的21basin n盆；盆地22vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的it is vital that schools (should) teach(teach) students to use computer technology.23symptom n症状；征兆24wrist n手腕25damp adj.潮湿的26throat n咽喉；喉咙27ambulance n救护车1fall ill生病2electric shock触电；电休克3squeeze out榨出；挤出4over and over again反复；多次5in place在适当的位置；适当(1)out of place不合适的；不恰当的(2)firstly i collected all the books，newspapers and other things scattered in the rooms and put them in place.首先，我把散落在这个房间里所有的书、报纸和其他东西都收集起来，并把它们放在适当的位置。6a number of若干；许多the number of 的数量7put ones hands on找到8make a difference起(重要)作用；有影响；区别对待(1)it makes no difference to me whether he comes here or not.(填代词)(2)your age shouldnt make any difference to whether you get the job or not.(填介词)1the functions of your skin are also very complex：it keeps you warm or cool；it prevents your body from losing too much water；it is where you feel cold，heat or pain and it gives you your sense of touch.皮肤的功能十分复杂。皮肤可以保暖或御寒，保持体内水分；正是皮肤使你感到冷热、疼痛，它还使你有触觉。2remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把它脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。用法点拨(1)unless除非；如果不，引导一个肯定的条件状语从句，从句有时可与if.not引导的否定状语从句互换。(2)unless引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来意义，主句多用一般将来时。(3)在unless引导的条件状语从句中，主语和部分谓语有时可以省略。it is so cold that you cant go outside unless fully covered(cover) in thick clothes.(2015江苏)3if burns are on arms or legs，keep them higher than the heart，if possible.如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部，尽可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。4john was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。用法点拨when作并列连词，意为“此时；这时”，用于下列句型中：(1)be doing.when.正在做这时(2)be about to do.when.正要做此时(3)had just done.when.刚做了这时(4)be on the point of doing.when.正要做这时(1)we were swimming in the lake when suddenly the storm started.我们正在湖里游泳这时突然暴风雨来了。(2)she had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.昨天她刚刚完成作业这时母亲叫她练习弹钢琴。5there is no doubt that johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved ms.slades life.毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校所学的急救技术使得斯莱德女士得救了。.教材与语法填空first aid is the kind of help 1.given(give) to someone who falls ill or gets injured 2.before a doctor can be found.of course，the illness or injury is not serious.now lets talk about first aid for burns.you have three layers of skin that protect 3.yourself(you) against disease，poisons and the 4.harmful(harm) rays from the sun.your skin also gives you your sense of touch.first aid is a very important step in the treatment of burns.people can get burned by many things,5.such as hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation，the sun，electricity or chemicals.6.there are three types of burns，which 7.are called(call) first，second or third degree burns,8.depending(depend) on which layers of the skin are burned.different degree burns can be treated in 9.a different way.lets keep these things 10.in mind.教材与短文改错john janson，a seventeenyearsold teenager，was honoured at the lifesaver awards last night.he was presented with his award at a ceremony which recognizing the bravery of ten people.all of us had saved the life of another.john was studying in his room while he heard screaming.he discover that anne slade，mother of three，had been stabbed repeated with a knife.this was johns quick action and knowledge of first aid that had saved ms.slades life.he is proud of that he did.it shows that a knowledge of first aid can make real difference.答案john janson，a seventeenold teenager，was honoured at the lifesaver awards last night.he was presented with his award at a ceremony which the bravery of ten people.all of had saved the life of another.john was studying in his room he heard screaming.he that anne slade，mother of three，had been stabbed with a knife. was johns quick action and knowledge of first aid that had saved ms.slades life.he is proud of he did.it shows that a knowledge of first aid can make real difference.教材与微写作写作素材(关于急救)1毫无疑问，懂得一些急救知识至关重要，因为危险无处不在，事故时时发生。2例如，我们经常切伤我们的手。3手流血时，一定要及时处理。4如果伤口不严重，紧紧按住伤口，很快就不流血了。5如果伤口很深，先用绷带包扎，然后让医生敷药治疗。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用there is no doubt that.，条件状语从句等。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)there is no doubt that it is vital to know some knowledge of first aid as dangers lie everywhere and accidents happen from time to time.for example，we often cut our hand.when it bleeds，treat it in time.if the cut is not serious，press it firmly and soon it will stop bleeding.if the cut is deep，first tie a bandage around it.then ask a doctor to apply medicine to it.阅读理解(2016湖南衡阳八中月考)attempts to understand the relationship between social behavior and health have their origin in history.dubos(1969) suggested that primitive(原始的) humans were closer to the animals because they，too，relied upon their instincts to stay healthy.yet some primitive humans recognized a cause and effect relationship between doing certain things and alleviating(减轻) symptoms of a disease or improving the condition of a wound.since there was so much that primitive humans did not understand about the functioning of the body，magic became an integral component(不可或缺的成分) of the beliefs about the causes and cures of health disorders.so it is not surprising that early humans thought that illness was caused by evil spirits.primitive medicines made from vegetables or animals were always used in combination with some form of ritual(礼仪) to drive harmful spirits away from a diseased body.one of the earliest attempts in the western world to formulate principles of health care based upon rational(理性的) thought and rejection of supernatural phenomena is found in the work of the greek physician hippocrates.little is known of hippocrates who lived around 400 bc.，not even whether he actually authored the collection of books that bears his name.nevertheless，the writings attributed to him have provided a number of principles underlying modern medical practice.one of his most famous contributions，the hippocratic oath，is the foundation of contemporary medical ethics(道德)among other things，it requires a physician to swear that he or she will help the sick，keep oneself from intentional wrongdoing or harm，and keep secret all matters to keep the doctorpatient relationship.hippocrates also argued that medical knowledge should be derived(源自于) from an understanding of the natural sciences and the logic of cause and effect relationships.in this classic thesis(论点)，on airs，waters，and places，hippocrates pointed out that humanbeing is influenced by the totality of environmental factors: living habits or lifestyle，climate，geography of the land，and the quality of air and food.interesting enough，concerns about our health and the quality of air，water，and places are still very much written in the twentieth century.语篇解读文章告诉我们对于人类行为与健康之间的关系的研究从很早就开始了。古希腊学者希波克拉底对于这一领域有很多超前的看法，部分理论现在看来也是很有道理的。1the topic of the first paragraph is summarized in .asentence 1 bsentence 2csentence 3 dthe last sentence答案a解析推理判断题。第一段主要告诉我们对于人类行为和健康之间关系的研究在古代就已经开始了，所以第一句“attempts to understand the relationship between social behavior and health have their origin in history.”是这一段的中心句。故a正确。2why did primitive humans rely on magic in their beliefs about the causes and cures of diseases?abecause magic was an inseparable part of their life.bbecause they had little knowledge about the body.cbecause the diseases were caused by the evil spirits.dbecause magic must be used in going through the rituals to drive out the evil spirits.答案b解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“since there was so much that primitive humans did not understand about the functioning of the body，magic became an integral component(不可或缺的成分) of the beliefs about the causes and cures of health disorders.”可知正是因为人们对于自己的身体很不了解，所以才会相信有超自然的力量存在。故b正确。3considering hippocrates background，we can see from the second paragraph that .ahe was the forefather of modern medicinebexperts are sure that the books bearing his name were not written by himche had a rational mind aided by supernatural instinctsdexperts do not know much about him except when and where he lived答案d解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“little is known of hippocrates who lived around 400 bc.，not even whether he actually authored the collection of books that bears his name.”可知，人们对于hippocrates几乎是一无所知，故d正确。4all of the following are included in the hippocratic oath except .ahelping patientsbkeeping oneself from harming patientsckeeping secret all matters to maintain a good relationship with the patientsdobeying rules for modern medicine practice答案d解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“among other things，it requires a physician to swear that he or she will help the sick，keep oneself from intentional wrongdoing or harm，and keep secret all matters to keep the doctorpatient relationship.”可知a、b、c三项内容在文章中都有所涉及，只有d项没有谈到，故选d项。.七选五as a father who works outside the home，i recognize that it is easy for me to get caught up in stress at work.indeed，sometimes it is difficult to turn off my work focus and turn on my family focus so that i can come home and be the loving husband my wife needs and the playful father my kids want. 1 good fathers provide stability and strength to the family.as fathers，we do not let the pressures and worries of work get in the way of being there for our kids. 2 3 it doesnt need to be a lot of time，but if you are able，have oneonone time with each of your kids.be goofy(滑稽的) with your kids.the more voices you do，the more expressive you are when you play with them，the more they will feel your love and your acceptance of them.spend time reading to them.allow your kids to choose a book and spend time reading some of it to them before bed.if you put more effort into it，they will feel your love more. 4 as a therapist(临床医学家) who works with children and their families，i have noticed that the better the relationship that a father has with his child，the more influence that father will have on his child.as fathers work on developing a strong link with their kids through positive interactions，they can have a positive effect in the lives of their children. 5 afathers have such an important and irreplaceable role in the family.bsometimes books can help you deal with children.creading stories is an excellent time for dads to practice voice imitations.dhere are some thoughts to help fathers keep their little ones in mind.eas a father he must involve hardships in all his life.fand the confidence can give their children a great advantage to succeed in the future.gmake a plan to spend time each day with your kids.1答案a解析前句提出：作为一个男人，既要做好工作又要做一个好丈夫和好父亲很难。后句提到：好父亲为家庭提供稳定和力量。由此判断空格处要提到父亲对一个家庭的重要性，而a选项的意思(父亲在家庭中有着如此重要和不可替代的作用。)恰好符合语境，起到承接作用，故选a。2答案d解析前文提到父亲对于家庭的重要性。下文又提出三条，由此可知这里是给父亲支招，所以d选项(这里有一些想法可以帮助父亲们把孩子记在心间。)符合语境。3答案g解析空后的意思是：不需要很多时间，但如果你能，还是要和孩子有一对一的时间。由此判断g选项(计划一下每天陪孩子的时间。)和下文意思一致。4答案c解析前文的意思是：花些时间阅读。比如睡前给孩子读一些书。而c选项的意思(读故事是一个父亲练习模仿声音的很好的时间。)与前文意思一致，故选c。5答案f解析前文的意思是：良好的父子互动会使父亲和孩子的关系密切，对孩子以后的生活有积极的影响。而f选项(自信心能使他们的孩子未来很可能取得成功。)与前文意思一致，故选f。.完形填空(2016江苏运河中学月考)teaching second grade is always a challenge.each student arrives at school with his own needs and difficulties.one year a student called billy 1 me with his behavior as well as his academic requirements.he struggled daily with his 2 emotions and often became angry or violent.i knew that，to make 3 progress，his emotions needed controlling.one 4 i tried to help billy was to have him come directly into the classroom when he arrived at school.billys mom would 5 me to alert(警告) me to a particularly emotional morning at home.then，i would focus on 6 his anger and calming him down before the other students arrived.one week our class was studying 7 .i thought one way to bring learning into the classroom was to bring my dog rocky to school for the day.that day began as normal.i was preparing activities focused on dog themes 8 i was told that billy had a 9 morning at home and i might need to get him 10 .as i was talking to his mom，billy 11 into the classroom.to billys 12 ，rocky immediately ran up to his new 13 ，wagging his tail and licking billys face with doggy affection.billy couldnt 14 rockys charm(魅力) and began laughing as his anger melted away.throughout the day，billy never left rockys side，feeding him，being gentle with him and even 15 the other students while rocky was sleeping.billy was known for doing anything he could to avoid 16 ，but on this day he found a good dog story，“cliffords puppy days”，and read it to rocky.how 17 i was at the sight of billy reading happily！my little dog was able to 18 billys day from one of anger and frustration to one of laughter，gentleness and 19 .that day rocky more than helped me with my 20 ； he helped to change the life of a child! after that billys behavior definitely improved.语篇解读作者认为教二年级的学生是一个挑战。学生都带着自己的需要和困难来到学校。老师要帮助孩子改变他们的生活，他们的举止行为一定会提高。1a.challenged bcheatedcbenefited dbetrayed答案a解析根据文章的首句和下文可知，billy同学给“我”带来了“挑战”，故选a。2a.unforgettable buncontrollablecunconscious dunfortunate答案b解析从本句中的“often became angry or violent”可知，他的情绪常常“难以控制”。故选b。第一段最后一句中的“his emotions needed controlling”也是提示。3a.physical bmentalcacademic dauthentic答案c解析从上文中的academic requirements可知，他的学习成绩也不好，因此他要在学习上(academic)取得进步，就必须控制好他的情绪。故选c。4a.advantage bagendacreason dway答案d解析从本段内容可知，作者在叙述他帮助billy的“方法”。故选d。5a.awake bcallcvisit dsign答案b解析这里指billy的母亲给老师“打电话”，告知老师billy早晨在家时有不好的情绪。故选b。6a.tolerating bobservingcrelieving dignoring答案c解析billy到校后，老师通常会想方设法让他释放怒气。故选c。7a.emotions bpetscbotany ddiet答案b解析根据空后的dog及下一段的内容可知，他们要学习“宠物”。故选b。8a.after bascwhen dbefore答案c解析be doing.when.是一个常见的结构，意思是“正在做这时”。故选c。9a.boring bfantasticcbusy drough答案d解析从第二段可知，每当billy在家里情绪不好时，作者就会接到电话通知。故选d。10a.settled bpunishedctreated dexcited答案a解析根据第二段可知，每当这时作者都要帮他释放怒气，并且让他安定下来。本题中的get him settled就是此意。故选a。11a.fled bstormedcjogged dfloated答案b解析storm into冲进来。故选b。12a.surprise bdelightcshame dfear 答案a解析rocky跑到billy跟前，和他“亲热”，这出乎billy的预料，让他很惊奇。故选a。13a.protector btrainercfriend downer答案c解析狗把billy当作“朋友”。故选c。14a.resist bdescribecreduce dforget答案a解析couldnt resist.无法拒绝，抑制不住。故选a。15a.educating benvyingccomforting dquieting答案d解析billy在rocky休息时让其他同学“安静”下来。故选d。16a.exploding breadingcarguing dapologizing 答案b解析billy不读书是出了名的，可是今天却一反常态，找了一个有关狗的故事读给rocky听。故选b。 17a.surprised bdisappointedcamused dconfused答案a解析看到billy如此高兴地读书，“我”当然感到很“惊讶”，故选a。18a.urge bshortenctransform dexpand答案c解析小狗居然让原本情绪不好的billy转怒为喜。transform.from.to把从转变成。故选c。19a.admiration bcuriositycanxiety dlove答案d解析从laughter和gentleness可以判断应该选择love，体现了