（河北专版）2017春中考英语命题研究 第二部分 语法专题突破篇 专题八 动词 第三节 情态动词试题.doc

第三节 情态动词,河北中考五年命题规律及趋势 考查点年份题号考查角度选项设置分值情态动词基本用法201528cant的用法may/cant/must/neednt1分201434cant表示不能cant/mustnt/shouldnt/neednt1分201334may表请求的用法may/must/should/need1分情态动词表推测201235must表肯定推测can/may/must/need1分 情态动词为河北历年的必考点，主要为其基本用法和词义辨析，如：may在疑问句中表请求，neednt表示没必要，cant表否定推测和不能。特别是must的各种用法，如：must表肯定推测和强制命令。尤其注意在have to和must的问句中，肯定回答用must，否定回答用neednt或dont have to。同时，也涉及情态动词在被动语态中的运用。设题形式多为单句或对话形式，且词数为1016。预测2017年河北中考的单项选择题会出现一道考查情态动词基本用法的题，且偏向考查must的用法及其问句的答语。,河北中考重难点突破【满分点拨】情态动词有一定的词义，本身并不表示动作或状态，而仅仅表达说话人的态度。它在句中须和实义动词一起构成谓语。常见情态动词的用法 情态动词用法例句can表示能力，意为“能、会”。sam can speak english well.sam英语讲得很好。表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句。she cant be at home now because i saw her out.她现在不可能在家，因为我看见她出去了。表示请求、允许，意为“可以”。can i borrow your bike？我能借你的自行车吗？couldcan的过去式，意为“能、会”，表示过去的能力。lang lang could play the piano well when he was young.郎朗很小的时候钢琴就弹得非常好。在疑问句中表示委婉的请求could i have one cup of tea？我可以要一杯茶吗？续表 情态动词用法例句must表示主观看法，意为“必须、应该”。you must finish your homework first！你首先必须完成你的家庭作业！表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句，表示“一定”。the coat must be marys because her name was on it.这个大衣肯定是玛丽的，大衣上面有她的名字。should/ought to意为“应该”，表示要求和命令，也可以表示劝告或建议。we should protect the air fresh.我们应该保持空气清新。you ought to teach them carefully.你应该耐心地教导他们。may表示请求、许可，意为“可以”。you may sit here if you want.如果你想的话，你可以坐在这儿。表示推测，常用于肯定句中，意为“可能，也许”。she may come back tomorrow，but i am not sure.她可能明天回来，但是我不确定。续表 情态动词用法例句mightmay的过去式。he asked if he might go home.他问他是否可以回家了。表示请求、许可，语气比may更委婉。might i smoke here？我可以在这里吸烟吗？表示推测，常用于肯定句，意为“可能、也许”(可能性比may小)。it might rain tomorrow.明天可能有雨。need表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。you neednt say sorry to him.你不需要对他说对不起。情态动词的其他用法一、must和have tomust表示主观上感到“有必要”；have to表示因外部因素而使得某人“不得不”。此外，must只有一般现在时，表示“过去”通常用had to，表示将来要用will have to。have/has/had to动词原形，在改否定句或疑问句时要外加助动词do/does/did。如：she has to stay at home and look after her sick mother.她得待在家里照顾生病的妈妈。does she have to stay at home and look after her sick mother？她得待在家里照顾她生病的妈妈吗？must i go there with you？我必须和你去那儿吗？二、can和be able to两者表“能力”时用法相同，但can只有现在式can和过去式could两种形式，其他时态要用be able to来表示。另外，be able to常常有“做成了某事”的意味。如：jim cant speak chinese.吉姆不会说中文。we will be able to see him next week.下个星期，我们将会看到他。三、can和may1can和may均可用来表示请求或许可，意为“可以”，一般可互换使用。如：can/may i help you？我能帮助你吗？2can与may表示可能性时的区别(1)在肯定句中表推测时，may表示具体事情实际发生的可能性，can表示客观的(理论上的)可能性。(2)在疑问句中表推测时用can(可能)，不用may。(3)在否定句中表推测时用cant(不可能)，may not(可能不)。如：she may be in the classroom.她可能在教室里。where can they be now？他们现在可能在哪儿？四、maybe和may be前者是副词，意为“大概，或许”，与perhaps/probably同义；后者属于情态动词，may与be动词用，意为“或许是”。如：maybe she is in the office.或许她在办公室。she may be in the office.她或许是在办公室。五、cant和mustnt表否定推测时应用cant。mustnt意为“禁止，不允许”，不用来表推测，在肯定句中可用must表推测，意为“一定”。六、情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为“情态动词bedone(过去分词)”。做题时要兼顾情态动词和语态这两个方面的用法。如：more and more trees must be planted in china.在中国，越来越多的树必须被种植。注意：(1)由need引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用must或have to；否定回答常用neednt。如：need i answer the question？需要我回答这个问题吗？yes，you must/have to./no，you neednt.是的，你必须回答。/不，你不需要。(2)need作为实义动词有人称和数的变化，后面可接名词、代词、动名词及带to的动词不定式；可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句中。如：she doesnt need to see the doctor.she just needs a rest.她不需要看医生，她只需要休息一下。【考点抢测】( a )1.(2016石家庄新华区中考模拟)the seats are for the old.young people _ sit here.amustnt bneedntcmay dcan( b )2.(2016张家口升学二模)jenny _ be in the class.the classroom is dark now.acan bcantcmust dmustnt( b )3.(2016石家庄28中模拟)what about going to the cinema by taxi?we _ take a taxi.its only ten minutes walk.acant bneedntcmustnt dcouldnt( d )4.(2016石家庄18县市联考)it _ be mr.green.he has gone to beijing.ashouldnt bmustntcneednt dcant( d )5.(2016石家庄42中模拟)is that man in a red tshirt mr.smith?it _ be mr.smith.he is on the way to london now.amust bmustntccan dcant( c )6.(2016海港区升学一模)_ i park my car here?sure.amust bneedccan dshould( c )7.theres only one day to go.you _ finish your schoolwork by tomorrow.acan bwill cmust dmay( a )8.(2015保定17中模拟)excuse me，sir.you _ open the door before the train stops.amustnt bneedntcmay not ddont have to( c )9.honey，stay home before i return.i _，mom.amust bcan cwill dshould( c )10.it _ be my book.my book has a signature of mine.aneednt bmustntccant dwont,河北中考考点精练( a )1.(2016绵阳中考)is mr. brown driving here?im not sure.he_come by train.amay bshallcneed dmust( c )2.(2016黔南州中考)all passengers_go through safety check before they take a plane.acan bmaycmust dought( d )3.(2016福州中考)look at the young lady in red.is it mrs.king?no，it_be her.she is wearing a white dress today.acan bmaycmust dcant( b )4.(2016株洲中考改编)the passengers_show their id cards before getting on the plane.amight bmustccould dneed( c )5.(2016十堰中考)all the students_know cheating in the exam is not allowed.aneed bmaycmust dcan( c )6.(2016郴州中考改编)mom，im going climbing.must i clean the room now?no，you_you can do it this evening.acant bmustntcneednt dshouldnt( b )7.(2016长沙中考改编)finally，they came back.they_be hungry after such a long walk.acant bmustcneednt dcan( c )8.(2016安徽中考)please dont make so much noise.i_hear the speaker very well.aneednt bmustntccant dshouldnt( d )9.(2016包头中考)ladies and gentlemen，let me，if i_，introduce you my manager，bill wealth.awill bshouldcmust dmay( a )10.(2016随州中考)lets go climbing，shall we?you_be joking！dont you know im afraid of high places?amust bcancmay dshould( d )11.(2016宁夏中考)can i go swimming，mom?certainly.but you_be back by four.acan bmaycmight dmust( b )12.(2016绥化中考改编)mom，must i clean my room?no，you_amustnt bneedntccant dmay not( b )13.(2016河南中考)you look very pretty，if i_say so.thanks a lot for saying that.amust bmaycwill dhave to( b )14.(2016山西中考)many people play with mobile phones all day instead of reading books.thats too bad.everyone_be a book lover.reading is more enjoyable.amay bshouldcwould dmust( b )15.(2016天津中考)mom，_i play football this afternoon?sure，but you_finish your homework first.amay；could bcan；mustccan；mustnt dmay；cant( a )16.(2016咸宁中考)do you think t