八年级下第9单元教案.doc

个性化辅导授课案学生： 科目：英语 教师： 第 阶段第 次课 时间: 2012年_月_日_ _段一、授课目的与考点分析：掌握如何表达现在完成时；对比现在完成时，一般过去时和现在进行时表将来的用法。描述某人曾经去过哪些有趣的地方。谈论过去的经历。重点、难点：1.现在完成时，一般过去时和现在进行时表将来的用法。2.掌握如何表达现在完成时。二、授课内容：Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park?一、短语。1. have been to 到过某处 2. an amusement park 游乐园 3. a water park 水上公园 4. a roller coaster 过山车 5. see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事 see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事 6. walk around 四处走动 7. take a ride 兜风 8. on board 在船上 9. take different routes 走不同的路线 10. end up 结束 11. argue with sb. 与某人争吵 12. an English-speaking country 说英语的国家 13. an exchange student 交换生 14. a flight attendant 一名机组乘务员 15. a tour guide 导游 16. such as 例如 17. listening skills 听力技能 18. in Southeast Asia 在东南亚 19. take a holiday 度假 20. three quarters 四分之三 21. have problems (in) doing sth. 做某事很费劲 22. during the daytime = in the day 在白天 23. all year round 全年,一年到头 24. wake up 醒来，唤醒，叫醒二重点词汇及句型。take a ride 兜风take the subwayhave been to, have gone toon the one hand, on the other handa good place to practice your Englishoutside of Chinaend up 结束take a holiday/vacation度假all year round 全年such as 例如a zoo called/named 一个叫做的动物园during the daytime 在白天wake up 醒来wake somebody up 唤醒/叫醒某人have a great/nice/wonderful/great time 玩得高兴a wonderful place to take a holiday/to visit一个度假/游览的好地方an English-speaking country一个讲英语的国家be asleep=fall asleep 睡着go on a DISNEY cruisetravel to another province of Chinathe reasons for learning Englishan exchange studentimprove my listening skillsone.,the other.Three quarters of the population are Chinese.四分之三的人口是中国人（谓语动词用复数形式）Whats the population of China?中国的人口是多少？（不用how much提问） the population of China is 1.3 billion中国的人口是13亿。（谓动词用单形式）2.复习表示地点的英文名称：zoo动物园 aquarium水族馆 museum博物馆 park公园 Tibet西藏 San Francisco旧金山 beach海滨 Hawaii夏威夷 Greece希腊 Paris巴黎3.学习一下新的地方名称：space museum太空博物馆 amusement park游乐场 water park水上公园知识剖析：I. 用法（1）现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响。 I have studied English. 表示I know a little English. He has already come back. 表示He is here now. 常与already, yet, just, recently, ever, never, before等表示不确定时间的时间状语连用。（2）现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。She has been ill for 3 days. He has worked in the bank since 1990. 此时，句中谓语动词通常是延续性动词，且常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如：these days, all this year, recently, for 时间段以及since时间点等等。II. 构成：have / has 动词过去分词（1）has用于主语是第三人称单数，have用于其它人称。（2）动词的过去分词构成分为规则动词和不规则动词。规则动词在词尾加ed，其规则与过去式一样。不规则动词要记住。例如：taketaken, gogone等。III、区分 have/has been to 与have/has gone to have /has been to 和 have/has gone to 都是指已经去了某个地方，但是 have /has been to 强调的是曾经去了某个地方并回来了； have/has gone to强调的是去了某个地方还没有回来。-Have you ever been to Shanghai? -Yes, several times. - Where is Mr. Wang?？- He has gone to Shanghai.【课堂练习】 一、单项选择。( ) 1、Have you met Mr. Li _？. just. ago .before . a moment ago( )2、Our country _ a lot so far .Yes . I hope it will be even _ . has changed ; well . changed ; good. has changed ; better . changed ; better( ) 3、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . know . had known. have known. knew( )4、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . will see. have seen. saw .see( )5、_ you _ your homework yet ? Yes . I _ it a moment ago . Did ; do ; finished . Have ; done ; finished. Have ; done ; have finished . will ; do ; finish（ ）6、 Miss Green isnt in the office . she_ to the library .has gone . went .will go. has been【要点归纳】 1.现在完成时。 2.have /has gone to 与have/has been to 用法。【拓展练习】一、句型转换：1、They have been here since 2000.(对划线部分提问) have they been here?2、The old man _ last year. He for a year. (die)（动词填空）3、Miss Gao left an hour ago.(同义句转换)Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour ago.4、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句） Hermother _ thePartythreeyears_ .Unit9 Section A 3a -4 (1课时)1. 语法：现在完成时。2. 一般过去时，现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别。3. 了解国外的风情和文化。4.学习一些新词汇。【导学指导】知识剖析：语法 现在完成时1. 延续性动词和瞬间动词延续性的动词可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。He has worked in the bank for 5 years. work 是延续性动词，可以和for 5 years连用。而瞬间动词不可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如果要表示其延续，可以用be动词。例如，不可以说He has come for 2 hours. come是瞬间动词。可以说He has been here for 2 hours. 他在这里呆了两个小时。 2. 现在完成时把过去的动作和现在的结果联系起来，一般过去时只限于表示过去的动作本身，与现在的结果无关。现在完成时与一般过去时在意义上的区别举例如下： I have cleaned my room. (My room is clean now.) 我已经打扫过我的房间了。 I cleaned my room last week. (I did it in the past.) 我上周打扫了我的房间。Father has gone to Amoy. (He went to Amoy and he is not here now.) 爸爸已经去厦门了。They have bought a dictionary. (They bought a dictionary and they have it now.) 他们买了一本字典。注意: 现在完成时不能和明确指出时间的状语（如：yesterday, last, year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when she came in 等）连用，但可以和不明确指出时间的状语（如：already, yet, ever, never, sometimes, always, often, before, once, twice, recently, lately等）连用；也可以和表示包括现在在内的时间状语（如：today, this morning, this week, this year等）连用。例如：She has already finished her work. 她已经把工作做完了。I havent read the story yet. 我还没读过这个故事。Have you met him before? 你从前曾见过他吗？Lily has always been a good student. Lily一直是个好学生。试比较：I have seen him this morning .我上午看见他了。（说话时在上午）I saw him this morning.今天上午我遇见了他。（说话时可能是下午或者晚上）It has been cold this winter. 今年冬天一直很冷。（说话时仍是冬天）【课堂练习】( )1、 His father _ the Party since 1978 . . joined . has joined . was in . has been in( )2、How long have you _ here ? About two months . . been . gone . come. arrived（ ）3、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . . has begun. had begun . has been on. began（ ）4、 It _ ten years since he left the army . . is. has . will. was（ ）5、My parents _ Shandong for ten years . . have been in. have been to . have gone to . have been（ ）6、 His uncle for more than 9 years.A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived thereD. has left the university【要点归纳】延续性动词和瞬间动词【拓展练习】( )1.Has the train _ yet? A.got to B. reached C. arrived D. arrived at（ ）2.How long has his brother _ the book?A. kept B. bought C. lent D. borrowed（ ）3.Ive never seen such a fine picture _.A. ago B. before C. yet D. later（ ）4.Has the foreigner been to many interesting places in Beijing?Yes, but he has not _ been to many other parts of China.A. already B. still C. yet D. never【课题】 Unit9 Section B 1a-2c (1课时)1.学习一些新词汇。 2.学会谈论过去发生的事情。【重点、难点】语法：现在完成时。知识剖析：neither 和so的用法Neither用于否定句后表示“也不”，neither后要倒装He is not a doctor. Neither am I. You will not go to the water park. Neither will I. Tom doesnt like this one. Neither do I. So用于肯定句后表示“也同样”，so后要倒装 He is a teacher. So am I. You will go to the aquarium. So will I. Tom likes swimming. So do I. 一般过去时，现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别 一般过去时只表示过去的一个动作或状态，和现在不发生联系。现在完成时是用一个过去的动作说明现在的情况。 He lived in Beijing in 2000. 只说明他2000年住在北京，他目前住在哪里并不清楚。 He has lived in Beijing since 2000. 说明他自从2000年就住在北京，他目前还住在北京。 现在完成时和现在完成进行时都可以表示“从过去开始一直持续到现在”这一概念，有时两者可以互相代用，但前者多用于口语。在含义上如着重表示动作的结果时，多用现在完成时；如着重表示动作一直在进行，即动作的延续性或者动作仍然继续下去时，则多用现在完成进行时。如： a. I have written six letters since breakfast. 从吃早饭到现在我写了六封信。 I have been writing letters since breakfast. 从吃早饭到现在我一直在写信。 b. I have read this book. 我读过这本书。 I have been reading this book. 我一直在读这本书。【要点归纳】 现在完成时。neither 和so的用法【拓展练习】 一选择题( )1. I want to study in an _ country.A. spoken English B. English-speaking C. English spoken D. speaking English( )2. Its fun _ another language.A. to learn B. learn C. learned D. learning( )3. How long has your brother been _English ?A. study B .studies C .studied D. studying ( ) 4. - I can sing the song in English. - _.A. So I can B. So can I C. I can so D. Too can I( ) 5. - I have never been to a water park. - _ I. A. So have B. Neither have C. So do D. So am( ) 6. Neither of the two boys _ from the USA. A. come B. dont come C. comes D. doesnt come( ) 7. - Would you like some tea or coffe? - _ is OK. A. Neither B. Either C. Both D. Any学习下列例句，体会现在完成时态的特点和用法：1、I have already improved my English . 我已经提高了英语。分析：improve (提高) 动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是：I有了较高的英语能力。所以用现在完成时。2、The tour guide already has started studying another language . 这位导游已经开始了学习另一种语言。分析：start (开始) 动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是：the tour guide现在有“学习英语”这个活动。所以用现在完成时。3、We have changed our life in the southeast . 在东南方，我们改变了生活。分析：change ( 改变 ) 动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是：we现在有不同以往的生活。所以用现在完成时。4、My son has already decided to become a flight attendant . 我的儿子已经决定当个飞行员。分析：decide ( 决定 ) 动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是：my son 现在有become a flight attendant 的奋斗目标。所以用现在完成时。5、These tourists have travelled all over the world before .这些游客以前游了全世界。分析：travel ( 旅游 )动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是：these tourists 知道世界上许多地方的风景、名胜、文化、民俗等。所以用现在完成时。6、Mr Green has already discovered the most important requirement . 格林先生还没有发现最重要的条件。分析：discover (发现) 动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是：Mr Green现在知道the most important requirement 。所以用现在完成时。7、Her sister has ever gotten a job as a tour guide . 她的姐姐曾经获得一份做导游的工作。分析：get ( 获得 )动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是：her sister现在有一份“导游”的工作。所以用现在完成时。8、These children have watched the film . 这些孩子从没有看过这部电影。分析：watch ( 观看 )动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是：the children 知道the film的内容。所以用现在完成时。9、They have just taken a holiday in a wonderful place . 他们刚刚在一个好地方度了假。分析：take a holiday ( 度假 )动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是：they现在有一段美好生活的经历。所以用现在完成时。10、The guide has just bought some disney gifts . 这位导游刚刚买了一些迪士尼礼物。分析：bough ( 买 )动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是：the guide 现在有一些迪斯尼礼物。所以用现在完成时。11、These students have learned English for six years .这些学生学习英语六年了。分析：learn (学习)动作发生在过去(六年前)，一直延续到现在，所以用现在完成时。12、The doctor has helped others since twenty years ago . 自从二十年前以来，这位医生一直帮助别人。分析：help (帮助) 动作发生在过去(二十年前) ，一直延续到现在。用现在完成时。 13、Our family has lived in another place for two months . 我们家住在另一个地方两个月了。分析：live (居住) 动作发生在过去(两个月前) ，一直延续到现在，用现在完成时。14、The man has slept on board for five hours .这位男子睡在船上五个小时了。分析：sleep (睡觉) 动作发生在过去(五个小时前)，一直延续到现在，用现在完成时。 15、They have talked on the phone since thirty minutes ago . 自从三十分钟前以来，他们一直用电话交谈。分析：talk (谈话) 动作发生在过去(三十分钟前) 一直延续到现在。用现在完成时。16、She has spoken English since 1996 . 自从1996年以来，她一直讲英语。分析：speak (说，讲) 动作发生在过去(1996年) , 一直延续到现在，用现在完成时。Section B 1.学习一些新词汇。 2.学会写有关个人学习英语的经历。【重点、难点】1. 语法：现在完成时。延续性动词和瞬间动词知识剖析：现在完成时动词可以表示1.开始于过去持续到现在的动作或状态。2.也许还会继续进行下去的动作或状态。例如：1) I have studied English since last year. 我从去年开始学习英语。2) She has lived in Beijing for five years. 她住在北京已经五年了。3) We have already been here since we were born. 我们自出生就住在这儿。注意：come, go , leave, arrive, buy, lose, receive, join, die, bury 和marry 等动词所表示的动作是一时的，不能延续的，故不能与for ，since 等开头的表示一段时间的状语连用。不过，这些词用于否定句则可以与表示持续的时间状语连用，即动作的不发生是可以持续的。例如：不能说：*He has come to Beijing for two years. *He has bought that book for three weeks. *He has joined the Army for one and a half years.*His grandma has died for nine months.* I have received his letter for a month.可以说：He has been in Beijing for two years. He has had that book for three weeks. He has been in the army for one and a half years. His grandma has been dead for nine months.I havent received his letter for almost a month.或者： It is two years since he came to Beijing. It is three weeks since he bought that book.It is one and a half years since he joined the Army. It is nine months since his grandma died.延续性动词和瞬间动词： 有延续性的动词可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。He has worked in the bank for 5 years. work 是延续性动词，可以和for 5 years连用。 而瞬间动词不可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如果要表示其延续，可以用be动词。例如，不可以说He has come for 2 hours. come是瞬间动词。可以说He has been here for 2 hours. 他在这里呆了两个小时。 重点句型1. All I ever wanted to do was traveling. I ever wanted to do 是定语从句 我曾经想做的一切是旅行。2. That the best way to do this was to become a flight attendant. That the best way to do this 是主语从句 做这个的最好方法是成为一个机组乘务员。3. It was because I could speak English that I got the job. 这是个强调句型 正是因为我能讲英语，我得到了这个工作。 It is / was 被强调的部分that / who其他部分4. In fact, its all I have ever wanted to be. I have ever wanted to be 是一个定语从句 事实上，那就是我曾经所想的全部。【课堂练习】 ( ) 1. -_ you ever _ to an aquarium? -Yes, we had a good time there.A. Have, gone B. Had, been C. Have, been( ) 2. I _ my grandpa last Sunday.A. have visited B. visited C. was visiting( ) 3. She _ Shanghai for a month.A. has come to B. came to C. has been in( ) 4. Lu Xun _ more than fifty years ago. A. died B. has died C. has been dead( ) 5. Fanny _ TV at this time last Saturday. A. has watched B. was watching C. watched( ) 6. - Have you _ been to our town before?- No, its the first time I _ here.A. even, have come B. ever, come C. ever, have come【要点归纳】 1. 延续性动词和瞬间动词的用法区别。2.一般过去时态与现在完成时态的区别。3.一般现在时态与现在完成时态的区别。4.have/has been to与have/has gone to的用法区别。【课题】 Unit9 Reading (1课时)【学习目标】1.学习一些新词汇。2. 继续学习现在完成时。【重点、难点】1.现在完成时的用法。2.Reading部分的新单词及短语。【导学指导】知识剖析：seem的用法“好像、似乎” , 其后加形容词。He seems unhappy today.他今天好像不高兴。She seems sad.她似乎很伤心。1) seem +(to be) +n. They seem (to be) doctors.他们好像是医生。2) seem +(to be) +介词 It seems like years since I last saw Mr Green. 从上次遇到格林先生, 好像过了许多年。3) seem to do something. He seems to be happy. 他好像很高兴。 My mother seemed to know that.我妈妈好像知道那件事。 4) It seems that + 从句 It seems that he is happy.= He seems (to be) happy.他好像很快乐。【课堂练习】 一、用所给词的正确形式填空。1.He _ ever _ (be) to the History Museum several times.2. - _ you ever _ (be) to the zoo? - Yes. I _(go) there last summer. I _ (see) many kinds of animals there.3. - Where is Mr. Wang? - He _ (go) to the library. He wants to borrow some library books. 4. Rodgers _ (plan