黑龙江省佳木斯市高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解选训（4）.doc

阅读理解二轮选训（4）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。(a smuggling syndicate) the smuggler in many ways is just another international businessman and his turnover would do credit to many international corporations. his business happens to be illegal and risky, but look at the stakes involved: $5 billion worth of heroin smuggled into the united states each year, and $1.5 billion in gold passing annually along smuggling pipelines to india and indonesia, to france and morocco, to brazil and turkey. perhaps half of all the watches made in switzerland reach their eventual wearers by some back door. most of this illicit trade is carried on with all the efficiency of any multinational company. entirely legitimate businesses, such as a travel bureau or an import-export agency, are also often fronts for smuggling organizations. one of the worlds largest gold smugglers also owned and operated the franchise for a leading make of british cars in a small middle eastern country. he made a good profit from both activities. a smuggling syndicate operates much like any other business. the boss is really a chief executive. he makes all the plans, establishes international contacts, and thinks up the smuggling routes and method but remains aloof from actual operations. he is aided by a handful of managers looking after such specialties as financing, travel (one reason why many smuggling syndicates find it handy to have their own travel agency), the bribing of airline or customs officials, and recruitment of couriers, or mules as they are called. there may also be someone in charge of local arrangements in the countries to which the smuggled goods is going. another similarity between legitimate business and its illegal counterpart is price fluctuation. just as the prices of products traded legally vary with quality and market conditions such as supply and demand, so do the prices of goods go up and down in the smuggling trade. consider the price of drugs. heroin and cannabis, in whatever form or by whatever name, cone in several grades, each with a going price. the wholesale price at which big dealers sell to big dealers is less than the street price. when the authorities are successful in reducing the supply buy seizures, the price of all grades rises.1. the main idea for this passage is a. the comparison between legitimate business and its illegal counterpart. the similarities between legitimate business and smuggling.c. smugglers may make great profit from both activities.d. the boss in smuggling syndicate is a chief executive.2. when is the price going down?a. the quality of the foods and market condition are not very well. the quality of goods and market condition vary.c. unbalance between supply and demand.d. the price of other goods fluctuates.3. it can be inferred that a smugglera. may make plan and establish international contacts. is a real boss.c. may make money in different ways .d. may sell other goods.4. one of the best ways smugglers usually take is a. to set up multinational companies. to engage in illegal businesses only.c. to make legitimate businesses as fronts for smuggling organizations. d. to make good profits from both activities.vocabulary1. turnover 营业额2. do credit to 增光于某人/某物3. stake 下在投机生意上的股本，赌注4. smuggling pipeline 走私线路5. speciality 专业部门，公司6. recruit 招募，添补（新兵）难句译注1. the smuggler in many ways is just another international businessman and his turnover would do credit to many international corporations.结构简析 并列句参考译文 走私者在许多方面就像一个国际商人，而他的营业额确为许多国际公司增光。写作方法与文章大意这是一篇介绍走私集团的文章，采用对比写法正常（合法）的商业和走私（非法）集团的对比。第一段第一句就点明宗旨：走私者在许多方面就像一个国际商人，而他的营业额确为许多国际公司增光。不仅如此，有的也经营合法商业，如旅游，进出口公司等，这些往往是非法走私组织的前哨阵地。第二段介绍了走私辛迪加的经营情况非常类似其他商业。老板就是真正的（执行）董事长。他制定计划，签定国际合同，确定走私路线和方法但不参与具体执行行动。有一批经理助他管理各个专业部门，如财政，旅行，贿赂海关或航空公司官员等，还有当地接应走私货品的负责人。第三段叙述了合法和非法贸易另一个相似点价格波动，价格随市场供需和商品质量而有所差异。答案祥解1. b. 合法商业和走私的相似性。是这篇文章的中心思想。它是通过对比方法说明这种相似性。并不是两者对比得出结论。所以a. 合法商业和非法商业比较。不对。 c. 走私者可以从两种活动中谋取利润 和 d. 走私集团中的老板是董事长，只是对比中提到个别具体事实。不是中心思想。2. a. 货物质量和市场情况不好。第三段第二句“正如合法商业按质论价和按市场供需价一样，走私商品也是按这两者调节价格的上升和下降。”所以当质量和市场情况不好价格就跌。b. 货物质量和市场变化。这并不一定跌价，也可能上升。 c. 供需不平衡。并没有说明供大于求，和跌价无关。 d. 其它商品价波动。这不一定下跌。所以b,c,d都不对。3. d. 可能会卖其他货品。题目是推断，（infer）。从第一段最后一句“世界上最大走私黄金商之买卖，可推断出走私商照样可以经营其他商品。至于a. 制定计划，签定合同。 b. 走私商是真正的老板。 c. 以不同的方式赚钱，都是文章中直抒，不是推断出来的结论。4. c. 以合法商业掩护他们走私是走私商经常采用，也是最佳的方法之一。a. 多国公司。 b. 只从事非法商贸，这并不是最佳方法。 d. 从两方面赚钱，并不是方法，而是有了掩护所后，多一份收入而已。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。students and technology in the classroomi love my blackberryits my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me. i also love my laptop computer，as it holds all of my writing and thoughts.despite this love of technology, i know that there are times when i need to move away from these device(设备) and truly communicate with others.on occasion，i teach a course called history matters for a group of higher education managers. my goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas.because i want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom，i have a ruleno laptops, ipads, phones, etc.when students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy.most students assume that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology. theres a bit of truth to that.some students assume that i am antitechnology. theres no truth in that at all. i love technology and try to keep up with it so i can relate to my students.the real reason why i ask students to leave technology at the door is that i think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversations and truly engage complex ideas. interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas. i want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas. i want them to push each other to think differently and to make connections between course material and the class discussion.ive been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the evaluations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that i create.students realize that with deep conversation and challenge, they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom.im not saying that i wont ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until i hear a really good reason for the change，im sticking to my plan. a few hours of technologyfree dialogue is just too sweet to give up.本文是一篇议论文。作者是一位老师，非常喜欢高科技产品，但是为了让他的学生在课堂上讨论历史话题、互相交流观点，他规定在课堂上学生不允许使用手提电脑、ipads及电话。刚开始学生不能理解，但是后来在对学生的学习评估中，学生对这一方法还是非常满意的。9some of the students in the history class were unhappy with _.a. the course material b. others misuse of technology c. discussion topics d. the authors class regulations 答案：d。细节理解题。由第二段的“when students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy .”可知d项正确。10the underlined word “engage ”in para.4 probably means _.a. explore b. accept c. change d. reject 答案： a。词义猜测题。根据第四段的“i want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas.”可知作者让学生们进行深切的交流，目的是让学生们获得激励和一些观点，故a项explore“探索”更为接近；accept “接受”；change“改变”；reject “拒绝”。11according to the author, the use of technology in the classroom may _.a. keep students from doing independent thinking b. encourage students to have indepth conversationsc. help students to better understand complex themes d. affect students concentration on course evaluation答案： a。推理判断题。由第四段的“interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas .”可知在教室内使用高科技产品使学生们对于外界信息过于依赖，不能独立思考。12it can be inferred from the last paragraph that the author _.a. is quite stubborn b. will give up teaching history c. will change his teaching plan soon d. values technologyfree dialogues in his class 答案： d。推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句话可知作者对自己的不使用高科技产品让学生进行对话的方法是满意的。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。“experience may possibly be the best teacher，but it is not a particulary good teacher.” you might think that winston churchill or perhaps mark twain spoke those words, but they actually come from james march, a professor at stanford university and a pioneer in the field of organizational decision making. for years march( possibly the wisest philosopher of management) has studied how humans think and act，and he continues to do so in his new book the ambiguities of experience.he begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning ：“experience is respected；experience is sought；experience is explained.”the problem is that learning from experience involves(涉及) serious complications (复杂化)，ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which march discusses in the body of this book.in one interesting part of the book，for example, he turns a doubtful eye toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning. in our efforts to make stories interesting, he argues, we lose part of the complicated truth of things. he says“the more accurately(精确地)reality is presented，the less understandable the story，and the more understandable the story，the less realistic it is.”besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher, march is also a poet, and his gift shines through in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses. though the book is short, it is demanding：dont pick it up looking for quick, easy lessons. rather, be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life.多年来，人们强调经验型学习。而一位名叫james mark的却说：经验可能是最好的老师，却不是一个特别好的老师。通过对于经验型学习，本文介绍了james mark的关于经验的书。13according to the text, james march is _.aa poet who uses experience in his writingba teacher who teaches story writing in universityca researcher who studies the way humans think and actda professor who helps organizations make important decisions答案：c。细节判断题。从第一个段落中最后一句话里可以找到信息句，即同选项c所说的一致。14according to james march, experience _.ais overvalued bis easy to explaincshould be actively soughtdshould be highly respected答案：a推理判断题。从文章的开头以及文中的字里行间“the problem is.” “turn a doubtful eye on.” 以及“think deeply about experience learning”等可以推测出james 对于经验学习持怀疑态度，认为人们太过于重视经验学习这一方式了。15what can we learn from paragraph 3?aexperience makes stories more accurate.bstories made interesting fail to fully present the truth.cthe use of stories is the best way of experiential learning.dstories are easier to understand when reality is more accurately described.答案：b。细节判断题。在倒数第二段中，james所说的话中“to make stories more interesting, we lose part of the complicat