湖南省醴陵市高考英语阅读理解一轮选练（10）.doc

湖南省醴陵市2016高考英语阅读理解一轮选练（10）阅读理解。 which is safer - staying at home, traveling to work on public transport, or working at the office? surprisingly, each of these carries the same risk, which is very low. however, what about flying compared to working in the chemical industry? unfortunately, the former is 65 times riskier than the latter! in fact the accident rate of workers in the chemical industry is less than that of almost any of human activity, and almost as safe as staying at home. the trouble with the chemical industry is that when things go wrong they often cause death to those living nearby. it is this that chemical accidents so newsworthy. fortunately, they are extremely rare. the most famous ones happened at texas city (1947), flixborough (1974), seveso (1976), pemex (1984) and bhopal (1984). some of these are always in the minds of the people even though the loss of life was small. no one died at seveso, and only 28 workers at flixborough. the worst accident of all was bhopal, where up to 3,000 were killed. the texas city explosion of fertilizer killed 552. the pemex fire at a storage plant for natural gas in the suburbs of mexico city took 542 lives, just a month before the unfortunate event at bhopal. some experts have discussed these accidents and used each accident to illustrate a particular danger. thus the texas city was caused by tons of ammonium nitrate, which is safe unless stored in a great quantity. the flixborough fireball was the fault of management, which took risks to keep production going during essential repairs. the seveso accident shows what happens if the local authorities lack knowledge of the danger on their doorstep. when the poisonous gas drifted over the town, local leaders were incapable of taking effective action. the pemex fire was made worse by an overloaded site in an overcrowded suburb. the fire set off a chain reaction of exploding storage tanks. yet, by a miracle, the two largest tanks did not explode. had these caught fire, then 3,000 strong rescue team and fire fighters would all have died. 1. according to the passage, the chemical accident that caused by the fault of management happened at _. a. texas city b. flixborough c. seveso d. mexico city2. which of the following statements is true?a. working at the office is safer than staying at home. b. travelling to work on public transport is safer than working at the office. c. staying at home is safer than working in the chemical industry. d. working in the chemical industry is safer than traveling by air. 3. from the passage we know that ammonium nitrate is a kind of _. a. natural gas, which can easily catch fire b. fertilizer, which cant be stored in a great quantity c. poisonous substance, which cant be used in overcrowded areas d. fuel, which is stored in large tanks 4. from the discussion among some experts we may conclude that _. a. to avoid any accident we should not repair the facilities in chemical industry b. the local authorities should not be concerned with the production of thechemical industry c. all these accidents could have been avoided or controlled if effective measureshad been taken d. natural gas stored in very large tanks is always safe【参考答案】14、bdbc阅读下列短文，从每小题后所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 when a child is told he is “ uncool”, it can be very painful, he may say he doesnt care, and even act in ways that are opposite of cool on purpose. but these are simply ways to handle sadness by pretending its not there. helping a child feel better in school had to be careful. if you say, “why are you worried about what other children think about you? it doesnt matter!” children know that it does matter. instead, an active way may be best. you could say, “ im going to do a couple of things for you to help you feel better in school.”if a boy is having trouble making friends, the teacher can help him. the teacher can arrange things so that he has chances to use his abilities to contribute to class projects. this is how the other children learn how to value his good qualities and to like him. a teacher can also raise a childs popularity in the group by showing that he values that child. it even helps to put him in a seat next to a very popular child, or let him be a partner with that child in activities, etc.there are things that parents can do at home, too. be friendly when your child brings others home to play. encourage him to invite friends to meals and then serve the dishes they consider” when you plan trips, picnics, movies, and other shows, invite another child with whom your child wants to be friends.what you can do is to give him a chance to join a group that may be shutting him out. then, if he has good qualities, he can start to build real friendship of his own.67. a child who has been informed of being “ uncool” may . a. care nothing about it b. do somenting uncool in purpose c. develop a sense of anger d. pretend to get hurt very much【答案】b【解析】根据第一段第一句可知。当一个孩子被告知他不酷的时候，他可能会说他不在乎甚至会故意做出不酷的行为来。68. a teacher can help an unpopular child by . a. seeing the child as the teachers favorite. b. asking the child to do something for partners. c. forcing other children to make friends with the child. d. offering the child chances to show his good qualities.【答案】d【解析】根据第三段第二句the teacher can arrange things so that he has chances to use his abilities to contribute to class projects.老师可以安排一些事情，这样他有机会运用他的能力为班级做贡献。69. how can parents help their child fit in better? a. by cooking delicious food for him. b. by being kind to his schoolmates. c. by forcing him to invite friends home. d. by taking him to have picnics in the park.【答案】b【解析】根据第四段第二句be friendly when your child brings others home to play.当孩子带其他同学回家玩的时候，父母一定要有好。70. which of the following is true? a. children doesnt care others comments on them. b. its only teachers work to make children popular. c. parents should take their children out for picnic and shows more often. d. inviting childrens friends to family activities is good for them to make friends.【答案】d【解析】根据第四段最后一句可知。71. the text is mainly about . a. how an unpopular child can be helped b. why some children are unpopular c. what good qualities unpopular children have d. who care about unpopular children【答案】a【解析】文章主要介绍了父母和老师怎样帮助一个不酷的孩子交到朋友。阅读理解。an “apple polisher” is one who gives gifts to win friendship or special treatment. it is not exactly a bribe(贿赂), but is close to it.all sorts of people are “apple polishers”， including politicians and people in high officesjust about everybody. oliver cromwell, the great english leader, offered many gifts to win the support of george fox and his party, but failed.there are other phrases meaning the same thing as “applepolishing”“softsoaping” or “butteringup”. a gift is just one way to “softsoap” somebody, or to “butter him up”. another that is just as effective is flattery, giving someone high praisetelling him how good he looks, or how well he speaks, or how talented and wise he is.endless are the ways of flattery. who does not love to hear it? only an unusual man can resist the thrill of being told how wonderful he is. in truth, flattery is good medicine for most of us, who get so little of it.we need it to be more sure of ourselves. it cannot hurt unless we get carried away by it. but if we just lap it up for its good value and nourishment, as a cat laps up milk, then we can still remain true to ourselves.sometimes, however, flattery will get you nothing from one who has had too much of it. a good example is the famous 12th century legend of king canute of denmark and england. the king got tired of listening to endless sickening flattery of his courtiers(朝臣). they overpraised him to the skies, as a man of limitless might.he decided to teach them a lesson. he took them to the seashore and sat down. then he ordered the waves to stop coming in. the tide was too busy to listen to him. the king was satisfied. this might show his followers how weak his power was and how empty their flattery was.1which of the following activities has nothing to do with “applepolishing”？aa boy tells his girlfriend how pretty she looks.ban employee tells her boss how good he is at management.ca knight is said to be of limitless power by his followers.da teacher praises her students for their talent and wisdom.2what does the writer want to prove with cromwells example?aeverybody can be an apple polisher.bcromwell was not a good apple polisher.cgeorge fox and his party were not apple polishers.dthere are people who dont like being applepolished.3which of the following statements about flattery is true according to the author?atoo much flattery can carry us away.bflattery is too empty to do people any good.cflattery can get you nothing but excessive(过度的) pride.dflattery is one of the ways to applepolished people.4why did king canute of denmark and england take his followers to the seashore?abecause he was sick of his normal life.bbecause he disliked being overpraised any more.cbecause he wanted them to realize how wise he was.dbecause he wanted them to see how weak he was as a king.5who does the author think that flattery can do good to?athose who are politicians or in high offices.bthose who lack confidence.cthose who are really excellent.dthose who think highly of themselves.【要点综述】本文论述了现代社会存在的一个普遍现象，人们往往为了自己的一点儿利益去送礼或者说一些阿谀奉承的话，当然有时即使这样做了也未必就能实现自己的愿望。1d推理判断题。根据“an apple polisher is one who gives gifts to win friendship or special treatment.”可知，一个老师表扬学生并不是想得到什么好处。故选d项。2a细节理解题。根据“all sorts of people are apple polishers，including politicians and people in high officesjust about everybody.oliver cromwell，the great english leader，offered many gifts to win the support of george fox and his party，but failed.”可知，高层的领导者也有拍马屁的人，可以想象每个人都可能是这种人。故选a项。3d细节理解题。根据“an apple polisher is one who gives gifts to win friendship or special treatment.”和“a gift is just one way to softsoap somebody，or to butter him upanother that is just as effective is flattery”可知选d项。4b细节理解题。根据“the king got tired of listening to endless sickening flattery of his courtiers(朝臣)”可知国王厌烦了朝臣们的阿谀奉承，故选b项。5b细节理解题。根据“in truth，flattery is good medicine for most of us，who get so little of it.we need it to be more sure of ourselves.it cannot hurt unless we get carried away by it.”可知，对于缺乏自信的人来说，奉承是有好处的。故选b项。【山东省2014仿真模拟冲刺卷】for those who make journeys across the world，the speed of travel today has turned the countries into a series of villagesdistances between them appear no greater to a modern traveler than those which once faced men as they walked from village to villagejet plane fly people from one end of the earth to the other，allowing them a freedom of movement undreamt of a hundred years agoyet some people wonder if the revolution in travel has gone too fara price has been paid，they say，for the conquest （征服） of time and distancetravel is something to be enjoyed，not endured （忍受）the boat offers leisure and time enough to appreciate the ever-changing sights and sounds of a journeya journey by train also has a special charm about itlakes and forests and wild，open plains sweeping past your carriage window create a grand view in which time and distance mean nothingon board a plane，however，there is just the blank blue of the sky filling the narrow window of the airplanethe soft lighting，in-flight films and gentle music make up the only world you know，and the hours progress slowly then there is the time spent being “processed” at a modern airportpeople are conveyed like robots along walkways；baggage is weighed，tickets produced，examined and produced yet again before the passenger move again to another waiting areajourneys by rail and sea take longer，yes，but the hours devoted to being “processed” at departure and arrival in airports are luckily absentno wonder，then，that the modern high-speed trains are winning back passengers from the airlinesman，however，is now a world traveler and can not turn his back on the airplanethe working lives of too many people depend upon it；whole new industries have been built around its design and operationthe holiday maker，too，with limited time to spend，patiently endures the busy airports and limited space of the flight to gain those extra hours and even days，relaxing in the sunspeed controls peoples lives；time saved，in work or play，is the important thingor so we are toldperhaps those first horsemen，riding free across the wild，open plains，were enjoying a better world than the one we know todaythey could travel at will，and the clock was not their master56what does the writer try to express in paragraph1? atravel by plane has speeded up the growth of villagesbthe speed of modern travel has made distances relatively shortcthe freedom of movement has helped people realize their dreamsdman has been fond of traveling rather than staying in one place57how does the writer support the underlined statement in paragraph2? aby giving instructionsbby analyzing cause and effectcby following the order of timedby giving examples58according to paragraph3，passengers are turning back to modern high-speed trains because_athey pay less for the tickets bthey feel safer during the travelcthey can enjoy higher speed of travel dthey dont have to waste time being “processed” 59what does the last sentence of the passage mean? athey could enjoy free and relaxing travel bthey needed the clock to tell the timecthey preferred traveling on horseback dthey could travel with their master60what is the main idea of the passage? aair travel benefits people and industriesbtrain travel has some advantages over air travelcgreat changes have taken place in modern traveldthe high speed of air travel is gained at a cost【参考答案】56-60 bddad 阅读下列短文，从每小题后所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 if you are a wealthy person of india, madly in love and planning your big fat wedding-or being pressured into arranged marriage-thailand wants you to exchange vows(誓言) in bangkok, phuket or elsewhere in this “ wedding paradise(乐园)”. this wedding business starts from overseas with the indians. thai embassies in india give quick services for the visas. not only the couples, you can bring anyone, say, your own cook. so, feel free to invite hundreds of your friends and relatives.why would indians want to spend so much on weddings in thailand? because they have similarities in religion, when indian weddings want to have some religious prayer for the couples, thailand can do that but the more obvious appeal are thailands fancy hotels, tropical islands, and delicious thai food, allowing new couples to include a honeymoon in thailand after they say “i do” while their guests also celebrate on a holiday here. but on the other hand, love does have a price.kasr rajagopal arranged for his daughter to have a wedding in phuket. they arranged entertainment to begin three days before the wedding because guests arrival time varied, yachts(游艇)were arranged to take guests to small islands, while a dj, flow in from bangalore, india, was booked to help them dance in the evening kasu also arranged priests(祭祀)for the hindu wedding, and cooks to prepare indian food. the approximate costs are around half a million u.s. dollars, including the airfares, hotel accommodation, food,