课文注释 Unit 2A Pioneer for All People

Unit 2 Working the land Notes to the texts课文注释1. the World Health Organization (WHO) 世界卫生组织。 该组织是联合国的一个专门机构，致力于在全世界建立更好的卫生体系，尤其是在发展中国家，并使全世界人民获得尽可能高的健康水平。WHO在不同领域建立了标准，例如食品、卫生、医疗等。该机构还参与将疾病命名和分类的工作，另外，预防疾病也是WHO的一个重要目标。2. Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades. 的确，他那被太阳晒得黝黑的脸庞和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又结实的身体，就跟其他千百万的中国农民一样，过去50年来，他一直在努力帮助他们。 decade十年；十年期间。如： Prices have risen steadily during the past decade. 在过去的10年里，物价平稳地上升。 A decade ago his family lived in a small room. 10年前他的一家人住在一间很小的房间里。3. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields. 这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获三分之一的产量。 make itto do 使做（某事）成为。如： The fine weather makes it possible for us to go for an outing next week. 好天气使我们的下周出游成为可能。 Wherever he is, he makes it a rule to run for an hour every day. 他无论在哪里，都把每天跑步一小时当作规定去执行。 4. Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. 多亏了他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中又多了些方法。 thanks to由于；多亏。如： Thanks to Dr Smith，I can walk around again now. 多亏了史密斯大夫，我现在又能走路了。 Justin kicked the ball into his own goal. It was thanks to his stupidity that we won the game. 贾斯延把球踢到自己的球门里去了，由于他的愚蠢，我们赢了这场比赛。 the UN即the United Nations联合国。 联合国成立于1945年10月，第二次世界大战结束之后。联合国是一个维护世界和平与安全、促进人类进步的国际组织，世界上几乎所有独立国家都是联合国会员。联合国以解决人类所面临的各种问题为努力的核心，如增进对人权的尊重，保护环境，防治疾病，减少贫穷等。联合国及其机构还在世界各地援助难民，拟订排雷计划，协助扩大粮食生产，领导遏制艾滋病的斗争等。5. Using his hybrid rice，farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before. 用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。 形容词原级asas的前面可以用倍数词 (如half, a quarter，twice，three times等)，意为“是多少倍”。如： We got three times as many people as we had expected. 来的人数是我们预料的三倍。 The bedroom is twice as big as the kitchen. 卧室是厨房的两倍大。 You are not half as clever as you think you are! 你没有你自己想像的一半聪明! 6. Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life. However, he doesnt care about being famous. 袁博士很满意他的生活。但他对自己的成名并不关心。 be satisfied with 对感到满意。如： Father is not at all satisfied with Jims school work. 父亲对吉姆的学业很不满意。 Are you satisfied with your new house with the big garden? 你对你带有大花园的新房子感到满意吗? care about 在乎；在意；喜欢；有兴趣。如： I seldom care about what he says and does. 我很少在意他说些什么或做些什么。 It is dangerous to get into the matter but he seems to care little about that. 卷入这件事很危险，但他似乎不太在意。 问题：你能用to satisfy, to be satisfied, to be satisfied with分别造一个句子吗? 7. He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. 他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。 would rather do (than do) 宁愿；宁可做某事。如： Jane would rather stay at home than go to parties. 简宁愿呆在家中也不愿参加聚会。 I would rather tell him about it myself than let him find out from other people. 我宁肯自己把事情告诉他，也不愿他从旁人处得知这事。8. Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people. 袁博士从梦中醒来，希望能种植一种可以养活更多人的水稻。 with the hope of 带着某种希望。如： He went to see his boss with the hope of getting a rise in his salary. 他去见老板，希望能提高他的工资。 He decided to talk to his teacher with the hope of persuading her to give him a higher grade. 他决定去和老师谈谈，希望说服她给自己提高分数。9. This affects crops and，therefore，animals and humans，since chemicals get inside the crops and can not just be washed off. 这影响到庄稼，从而也会影响到动物和人，因为化学物质会进入到农作物里面，而不能被冲洗掉。 affect 影响；感动；使某人有同情或悲伤的感觉。如： The problems in her family did not affect her school work. 她家里的问题没有影响她的学业。 We were deeply affected by Premier Zhous death. 周总理的去世让我们非常感伤。 问题：off 可以与许多动词连用。你能列出其他带off的动词短语吗?10. They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease. 他们主要是想保持土壤肥沃且免受病害。 focus on 集中(注意力、精力)于。如： I am too tired to focus on anything. 我太累了，不能集中精神啦。 Please focus your attention on the teachers words. 请把注意力集中在老师所讲的话上。11. Organic farmers，therefore，often prefer using natural waste from animals as fertilizer. 因此，使用有机耕作的农民们通常爱使用天然的动物粪便当作肥料。 prefer更喜欢某事物；选择某事物。常和to搭配使用。prefer sth (to sth) 选择(而不是)；(比)更喜欢如： He prefers tea to coffee. 他更喜欢茶而不是咖啡。 prefer to do (rather than do) (相比之下)更喜欢做某事。如： He prefers to walk home rather than take a bus. 他不愿乘公共汽车，更愿意走回家。 He prefers to stay alone rather than gossip with his co-workers in his spare time. 空闲时间他不愿与同事闲聊，更愿意一人独处。12. They feel that this makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals and so more fertile. This also keeps the air，soil，water and crops free from chemicals. 他们认为这可以让地里的土壤更富含矿物质，变得更肥沃，还可以让空气、土壤、水以及农作物不受化学物质的污染。 rich in 盛产；富含。如： Shanxi Province is rich in coal. 山西省盛产煤炭。 This kind of fish is rich in oil，which is good for peop