英语单项知识的讲解与练习(87).doc

英语单项知识的讲解与练习（87）431. belong的用法belong属于、附属。例句：The daffodilbelongsto the genus Narcissus.黄水仙是水仙属植物。Those documentsbelongwith the sale report. 那些文件归入销售报告。These bootsbelongin the closet.这些靴子应搁在壁橱里。What party do youbelongto?你属于哪一党派？That dictionarybelongsto me.那本字典是属于我的。短语：belong under the trees应放在树下；belong with music与音乐相近；belong with salad和色拉相配；belong to the period属于这个时期；belong to the third world属于第三世界；belong in this block住在这条街区；belong in writing适宜从事写作；belong on the shelf应放在架子上；belong among these people与这些人同属一派；belong in every home每个家庭都需要；用法：belong的基本含义是“在原来该有的地方”,一般译为“属于”,“与有关”。可以表示某物属于某人,某物属于某物的一部分; 某人属于某个组织或党派; 某人属于某时期或时代; 也可以表示某物人与另一物人有适合或匹配的关系。还可以表示某物人适于放用,住在某处等。belong只能用作不及物动词,不可直接接宾语,常和介词to连用,指(主权方面的)“属于”,也指“是(社团、家族、社会阶层的)一员”。belong后也可跟其他介词或副词,表示“某人或某物在这地方或这场合正合适”。belong常与表示程度或意志的副词连用。belong to 属于，不用于被动语态，表示“拥有”的动词一般不能用于进行式。如：have, own； belong in/ with/ under/ among/ on后加地点或人，意为“在中有适当的位置、应归入（类别等）”，只用于现在时。如：The chair belongs in the corner. 该在角落里。belong （here） 可与介词短语或副词连用，表示“适合呆在或放在某处”；练习：Whom _ the bike _ ? A. does; belong to B. does; belong C. is; belong to D. is; belong Put it _ it belongs. A. where B. which C. in which D. that China _ the developing country in the world. A. is belonged B. is belonging to C. is belonged to D. belongs to The house which _ in the fire last year _. A. destroyed; was belonged to me B. destroyed; belong to I C. was destroyed; belonged to mine D. was destroyed; belonged to me432. bend的用法bend使弯曲、屈身。例句：The branchesbentin the wind.树枝被风吹弯了。The branchbentbut didnt break when the boy climbed along it.那男孩爬上树枝时，树枝弯曲了，但是没有折断。They refused tobendto the hijackers demands.他们拒绝屈从于劫机者的要求。She cantbendhim to her will.她无法使他服从自己的意志。He could notbendhis mind to his studies .他不能专心于他的功课。The stream takes a suddenbendto the east.小溪突然转向东流。There is a sharpbendin the road here.这段路上有一处急转弯。短语：bend something up 使某物弯曲；bend down弯腰；bend ones mind to sth专心于某事；be bent on sth/ doing sth决心采取（行动）、专心致志（做）某事；bend sb to sth（迫使某人）屈服、顺从；bend above垂在上；bend before屈从于,服从；bend ones thought back towards回头想想；bend with age年老腰弯；bend to向弯曲,(使)屈从于；bend to fate听天由命；o the right shape把弯成所需的形状；bend on sth专心做某事；bend the rules“放宽规定”“通融”；用法：bend的基本意思是“弯曲”,指在某一点上施加一个力,使其形成一个有角度的弯曲或转变。引申则指对人施加压力或劝说而使其改变立场或观点,也可指对事实的歪曲。bend用作不及物动词时,指“(自己)弯腰、屈身”“屈服”; 用作及物动词时,指“把弄弯”“使屈服”,接名词或代词作宾语,可用于被动结构。表示“向低头屈服”时, bend常与介词before或to短语搭配使用。bend还常与back, down, in, over等副词小品词连用。bend的过去分词bent可用作形容词,多用于系表结构,意为“专心的”,通常与onupon连用,其后可接名词或动名词,不接动词不定式。bend的过去分词偶尔可用bended形式,也可在句中用作形容词,这主要用在动作性较强的时候。试比较:She was praying on bended knees.她跪着祈祷。Years of hard work made him walk with bent knees.多年的重活使他走起路来膝盖都弯着。bend用作名词时是可数名词,可指某物的“弯曲处”或某条道路的“拐角”。指人时表示“驼背”。bend常与介词to连用,表示河流、道路等弯曲的方向; 与above, on, round等介词连用,常用于引申义。练习：You seem _ on making him angry. A. bent B. bending C. to bend D. to be bent The thief must have hidden somewhere in the _ area. A. bending B. following C. surrounded D. surroundingWhen I came in, he bent his mind _ sth. A. to do B. to doing C. doing D. doShe bent her brother _ his homework. A. to do B. do C. doing D. to433. bite的用法bite咬。例句：Their dogbita hole in my trousers.他们的狗把我的裤子咬了个窟窿。They are badly bitten by mosquitoes.他们被蚊子叮得很厉害。He was taken to the hospital to be treated for snakebite.他因遭蛇咬而被送到医院治疗。短语：take a bite of咬一口；bite of dog狗咬的伤；bite of ones sarcasm某人讽刺的辛辣；bite of the cold wind冷风的刺痛；eat sth at one bite一口将某物咬下；recover from the bite伤口愈合；bite at everybody人人都骂；take/ have a bite at the apple咬一口苹果；bite at 向咬去、上当、冲着叫骂；bite back忍住不说；bite somebody in the leg 咬某人的腿；类似的用法有：hit sb on the head; pat sb on the shoulder; catch sb by the arm;用法：bite的基本意思是“用牙齿或牙齿类物攻击”,一般译为“咬”,指用牙(尤指门牙)短暂性地、猛烈地咬入某物,将其咬住、咬透或咬掉,也可指“咬伤”。引申指“某种非凡的力量牢牢抓住、刺透、刺入某物”。用于比喻可指“上钩,上当”。bite的主语可以是人或动物,如狗、蚊虫等,也可以是物,如车、辣椒等,其宾语可以是人,也可以是物。bite可用于被动结构,当宾语是人时,被咬的部位(如“脸”),常用介词in或on引出。bite的过去式为bit,过去分词为bitten或bit,但现代英语中bit这种过去分词不常用,特别是在美式英语中。bite用作名词时意思是“咬”,不表示一个状态,而表示一个动作,还可指“咬伤”,即被咬过后留下的伤口,还可以指“食物”。bite用于引申意可指“上钩”“尖刻,刺痛”“抓紧,握紧”。多用作不可数名词,偶尔也可用作可数名词。练习：When I passed by the house a dog suddenly rushed out and bit _ me. I was bitten in _ left leg. A. to; the B. at; the C. at; my D. to; my The boy is naughty, so his mother hits _ head with a small stick. A. he in his B. him on his C. him on the D. he on theWhen I was walking in the street, suddenly someone patted _ left shoulder. A. I on the B. me on my C. me in the D. me on theThe boy was running and his father ran after him and caught _ and took him home. A. her by the arm B. him by the arm C. him in his arm D. him by his arm434. definite的用法definite确信无疑；definition定义、解释、限定、分辨率；例句：His vague ideas crystallized into adefiniteplan.他那些模糊的想法变成了一个明确的计划。The workers demand adefiniteanswer.工人们要求一个明确的答复。You have ourdefinitesupport.我们绝对支持您。Itsdefinitethat he will win.他肯定会赢。Is itdefinitethat they will sign that contract?他们肯定会签署这份合同吗？短语：give a definition下定义；definite answer明确的答复；definite standard明确的标准；definite about对很有把握；definite in answer答复得明确；definite in statement说得明确；用法：definite的意思是指“明确的,确切的”“一定的,肯定的”,形容事物具有清楚的、明确的或限定的范围和意义。definite用作表语时,常可接介词about引导的短语,介词的宾语为分词或动名词，表示“对某事确信无疑”。如：The doctor is quite definite about Tom having caught measles（麻疹）.definite也可接that引导的从句。练习： Hey, Tom, whats up? _ A. Yes, definitely! B. Oh, not much. C. What is happening in you life? D. You are lucky.Im not sure whether I can gain any profit from the investment, so I cant make a(n) _ promise to help you. A. exact B. defined C. definite D. sure Water and air are _ to human beings. We can not live without them.A.harbour B.function C.definite D.essentialWe have to set a definite date for the concert. The underlined word means _. A. fixed B. clear C. sure D. certainThenoisywasso_thatonlythosewithexcellenthearingwereawareofit. A.dim B.gentle C.faint D.definite 435. demonstrate的用法demonstrate进行示威游行、示范、证明；demonstration游行、集会、证明；例句：How can youdemonstrateto us that your story is true? 你怎样才能向我们证明你所说的属实呢?Realized benefitsdemonstrategood practice.已实现的利益证明好的实践。The workers marched through the streets with flags and banners todemonstrateagainst the rising cost of living .工人们在街上游行，手执旗帜示威抗议生活费用的高涨。Theydemonstratedfor lower taxes.他们游行示威要求减税。短语：demonstrate against sb/ sth示威反对某人/事物；to demonstration确定无疑地；teach by demonstration进行示范教学；stage a demonstration against imperialism向帝国主义示威；demonstrate by从中表现；demonstrate for为而示威；demonstrate to演示给看；demonstrate with用来演示；用法：demonstrate的基本意思是“显示”,指以一种行为或外部迹象显示某种感情或性质,如“示威”等。demonstrate还可作“证明”“演示”解,指以诸如证据、理由、实验等适当的方式作出令人信服的结论。demonstrate用作及物动词时可接名词(多为抽象名词)或that从句作宾语。demonstrate后接against，表示“示威反对或抗议”。如： The workers demonstrated against the rising cost of living.练习：He said he h