辽宁省铁岭市高考英语 阅读理解、短文填单词类训练题（3）.doc

辽宁铁岭市2014高考英语阅读理解、短文填单词类训练题（3）及答案阅读理解专题训练(二)-文章主旨 方法点拨主旨大意题要求对文章的整体或局部(如段落)进行分析、概括，归纳相关部分的中心大意(main idea)，选择标题(title)，判断作者的写作目的(purpose)等。主旨大意题的提问方式常有以下几种：(1)what does the writer mainly tell us?(2)which of the following can summarize the main idea of this text?(3)which of the following best expresses the main idea?(4)the best headline for this newspaper article is_.(5)what would be the best title for the passage?(6)what is the authors main purpose?(7)the main idea of the passage is about _.(8)the article is written to explain _.(9)with what topic is the passage chiefly concerned?(10)the subject discussed in this text is _. 呈现主题的方式 (1) 无主题句主题隐含在全文中，没有明确的主题句必须根据文篇中所提供的事实细节，进行全面考虑，综合分析，然后找出共同的东西，归纳成一般概念。必须注意的是，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。 活学活用阅读下列短文，然后按要求完成读写任务zoe chambers was a successful pr (public relations) consultant and life was going wellshe had a great job，a beautiful flat and a busy social life in london.then one evening in june last year，she received a text message telling her she was out of work.the first two weeks were the most difficult to live through.she said.“after everything id done for the company，they dismissed me by text！i was so angry and i just didnt feel like looking for another job.i hated everything about the city and my life.”then，zoe received an invitation from an old school friend，kathy，to come and stay.kathy and her husband，hu，had just bought a farm in northwest wales.zoe jumped at the chance to spend a weekend away from london，and now，ten months later，she is still on the farm.“the moment i arrived at kathys farm，i loved it and i knew i wanted to stay.”said zoe.“everything about my past life suddenly seemed meaningless.”zoe has been working on the farm since october of last year and says she has no regrets.“its a hard life，physically and very tiring.” she says.“in london i was stressed and often mentally exhausted.but this is a good，healthy tiredness.here，all i need to put me in a good mood is a hot bath and one of kathys wonderful dinners.”zoe says she has never felt bored on the farm.every day brings a new experience.kathy has been teaching her how to ride a horse and she has learnt to drive a tractor.since christmas，she has been helping with the lambing watching a lamb being born is unbelievable.she says，“its one of the most moving experiences ive ever had.i could never go back to city life now.”.根据所读短文，写一篇30词左右的摘要_.根据所读短文，选择最佳答案，说出第四题的解题思路1when working as a pr consultant in london，zoe thought she lived a _ life.asatisfyingbtough cmeaningless dboring2the most important reason why zoe went to visit kathys farm is that_.azoe lost her job as a pr consultant bkathy persuaded her to do soczoe got tired of the city life dzoe loved wales more than london3how does zoe feel about the country life according to the passage?atiresome and troublesome.bromantic and peaceful.cmentally exhausting but healthy.dphysically tiring but rewarding.4which of the following is closest to the main idea of the passage?aa friend in need is a friend indeed.bwhere there is a will，there is a way.ca misfortune may turn out a blessing.dkill two birds with one stone.5we can infer that _.azoe was glad to be fired because she had planned to live in the countryside.bzoe was a capable lady and could do her job quite well.czoe would never go back to the city because she enjoyed her life in the country.dzoe would find another good job if she wanted to.参考答案 the text tells us zoes happy life after she lost her satisfying job，indicating that whatever happens，we should be optimistic as sometimes a misfortune may turn out to be a blessing.(32 words)1解析：从a successful pr consultant, life was going well ，a great job，a beautiful flat and a busy social life in london可知答案。答案：a2a3解析：从最后一段可知答案。答案：d4解析：文章主旨题。本文没有明确的主题句，但通读全文可知，对于zoe来说，失去一份如意的工作是不幸的，但是由此她却能到乡下过身心健康的生活，这不失为福音。答案：c5b*结束 knowing the best way to study will help you to be a better student. by using your time properly, you can do your homework more quickly. learning to study is not difficult.the first thing to remember is that you must be willing to learn. it doesnt mean that you must always like the subject. it does mean, however, that you must be wil1ing to do whatever is necessary to learn. try to understand why it is important and how it will help you now and later to do and learn other things. knowing mathematics facts will be useful in your whole life. knowing how to spell makes any kind of writing easier. sometimes the subject that you think is going to be uninteresting will be exciting when you begin to work at it and understand it more clearly. learning things can be fun if you are willing to work with them. heres some advice for you: have a certain time each day and a quiet place with good lighting for study, so that you can concentrate on your study without interruptions (中断); have everything ready before you sit down to study, a dictionary, paper, a pen and books; be sure you understand what you should learn before you start; read carefully and pay special attention to the most important things; when memorizing, first find out the main parts and then recite the whole thing; check your homework after you finish it; never forget the importance of review and preview. dont try to spend a lot of time researching learning methods. there are many students who know many good learning methods but dont study well. they forget that the most useful learning method is to study hard.60. the main purpose of the article is_.a. to prove that learning is not difficultb. to make the readers be interested in studyc. to tell the importance of self teachingd. to tell the students how to study well61. the first thing to remember in studying is that _.a. you must like the subjectb. you must follow the teacherc. you must enjoy learningd. you must study hard62. among the following statements, _is true.a. the more learning methods we have, the better we will study.b. finding the best learning method is the most important in learning.c. knowing good methods, you cant be good at study without working hard.d. once we have mastered a good learning method, we can improve our study greatly.参考答案60-62 dcc *结束 bad teeth can be painful and worse. they can even be deadly. infections (感染）of the gums (牙龈）and the teeth can cause bacteria (细菌）to go into the blood system. those bacteria can increase the chance of a heart attack and worsen the effects of other diseases. and adults are not the only ones at risk. for example, in 2007, doctors in the washington area said a boy died when a tooth infection spread to his brain. they said it might have been prevented had he received the dental care (牙齿 保健）he needed. he was twelve years old. experts at the national institutes of health say good dental care starts at birth. breast milk, they say, is the best food for the healthy development of teeth. breast milk can help slow the growth of bacteria and acid production in the mouth. but dentists say a babys gums and early teeth should be cleaned after each feeding. use a cloth with a little warm water. do the same if a baby is fed with a bottle. experts say if you decide to put your baby to sleep with a bottle, only give the child water. when baby teeth begin to appear, you can clean them with a wet toothbrush. dentists say it is important to find soft toothbrushes made especially for babies and to use them very gently. the use of fluoride (氟化物）to protect teeth is common in many parts of the world. for example, it is often added to drinking water supplies. the fluoride mixes with enamel (法琅质)， the hard surface on teeth, to help prevent holes from forming.68. which of the following can be used as the title of the passage?a. concerns for healthy teeth of the young b. importance of healthy teeth of allc. causes of teeth problem d. solutions to teeth problem69. whats the main idea of paragraph 4 and 5?a. how to develop babies teeth. b. why to protect babies teethc. how to keep babies teeth clean d. why to keep babies teeth clean70. the passage indicates that _.a. enamel is most widely used to protect teeth in the world b. bad teeth may affect the health of adults and the youngc. breast milk can cure babies bad teeth d. babies teeth should be brushed once per day71. the writer uses the boys death as an example to show that _.a. not only adults but the young may suffer from teeth problemb. babies with bad teeth can easily diec. the doctors should be responsible for the cased. the boy was not fed with his breast milk参考答案68-71 acba *结束【阅读文章简答题】(一)(2012湖南十二校联考)almost everybody in america will spend a part of his or her life behind a shopping cart(购物手推车)they will，in a lifetime，push the shopping carts many miles.but few will knowor even think to askwho it was that invented them.sylvan ngoldman invented the shopping cart in 1937.at that time he was in the supermarket business.every day he would see shoppers pushing groceries around in baskets they had to carry.one day goldman suddenly had the idea of putting baskets on wheels.the wheeled baskets would make shopping much easier for his customers，and would help to attract more business.on june 4,1937，goldmans first carts were ready for use in his market.he was terribly excited on the morning of that day as customers began arriving.he couldnt wait to see them using his invention.but goldman was disappointed.most shoppers gave the carts a long look，but hardly anybody would give them a try.after a while，goldman decided to ask customers why they werent using his carts.“dont you think this arm is strong enough to carry a shopping basket？” one shopper replied.but goldman wasnt beaten yet.he knew his carts would be a great success if only he could persuade people to give them a try.to this end，goldman hired a group of people to push carts around his market and pretend they were shopping! seeing this，the real customer