湖南省邵东县高考英语单项选择和阅读理解精炼（11）.doc

湖南省邵东县2016高考英语单项选择和阅读理解精炼（11）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。an international business specialist group has announced that the move towards a green economy is becoming more urgent for emerging economies(新兴经济体)，especially south africa. on monday，innovation group announced that green economic policies were becoming increasingly important on the global landscape and for emerging economies.according to pule mokoena，from innovation group，experts believe the adoption of these green policies will assist with“ailing(不景气的)economies”“the move to a green economy，such as the adoption of alternative energy solutions，should be adopted by economies and countries.”mokoenas comments came as greenpeace africa called on the south african government to review its decision to include nuclear energy into the countrys energy plan.in order to avoid all energy crisis in the country，the_energy_mix_had_to_be_diversified，including broadening energy carriers to include gas，nuclear，biomass，renewable(wind，solar and hydro)，as well as the efficient use of the existing resources，such as coal.for this reason，nuclear energy will account for 23 percent of south africas energy needs，followed by coal at 15 percent，hydro at six percent，gas six percent，turbines six percent and renewable energy 42 percent.however，pule said there are other options for south africas energy needs.“too many companies are focusing on the costs of green policies，rather than focusing on the longterm benefits，”explained mokoena.nobel economics winner joseph stiglitz and the former world bank chief economist agree with mokoena and believe that the need to switch to green technology should be seen as an opportunity and not as a burden.when in south africa earlier this year，stiglitz said a switch to green technology would stimulate demand for a range of goods and services，which would have a beneficial impact on the aftermath of the global recession. he urged policymakers not to be held back by shortterm perspectives.innovation group has already developed a reliable alternate energy solution，which the company believes will change the landscape of this emerging market and other companies will follow suite and offer renewable energy solutions for emerging economies.“we are quickly becoming an industry leader in this space thanks to our inhouse expert knowledge on the various swh technologies available and the application of our business process outsourcing solutions，which allow for the mass rollout of these technologies on a national scale.we are proud to be an active part of the solution to the current energy crisis and plan to become a major force in the drive towards sustainability and good environmental practice，”pule said.【语篇解读】 像南非这样的新兴经济体经历了经济的快速发展之后会面临能源危机，而走绿色发展道路是唯一的出路。1which of the following is the best title for this text?aadvantages of green energybgreen policies vital for emerging economiescpotential energy crisis for emerging economiesdhow to develop green energy解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是像南非这样的新兴经济体会在发展中遇到能源危机，因此走绿色发展道路显得很重要，政府应在这方面出台相应的政策。故b项作为本文的标题最合适。答案b2the underlined part “the energy mix had to be diversified”in paragraph 5 implies _.aenergy had to be classifiedbdifferent kinds of energy had to be mixedca variety of energy had to be developed and usedda mixture of various energy was essential解析句意理解题。根据下文的“including broadening energy carriers to include gas，nuclear，biomass，renewable energy(wind，solar and hydro)，as well as the efficient use of the existing resources，such as coal”可判断，画线部分的含义为“要开发和利用不同种类的能源”。答案c3according to pule mokoena，_.anuclear energy shouldnt be included into energy plansbfocusing too much on the costs of green policies is shortsightedcgreen policies alone can solve the economic problems faced by south africadgreen polices have nothing to do with the use of the existing resources like coal解析推理判断题。根据第八段中的“too many companies are focusing on the costs of green policies，rather than focusing on the longterm benefits”可推断选b项。答案b4according to the text，the main reason for the adoption of green policies is that _.athe existing resources are not efficiently usedbgreen energy costs less to developcgreen policies can solve the current energy crisisdgreen technology will stimulate demand for a range of goods and services解析细节理解题。根据全文尤其是最后一段，为了解决目前的能源危机，为了保持可持续发展，政府必须采取这一政策。答案c。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。according to the us government, wind farms off the pacific coast could produce 900 gigawatts of electricity every year. unfortunately, the water there is far too deep for even the tallest windmills (see picture) to touch bottom. an experiment under way off the coast of norway, however, could help put them anywhere. the project, called hywind, is the worlds first large-scale deepwater wind turbine (涡轮发电机). although it uses a fairly standard 152-ton, 2. 3-megawatt turbine, hywind represents totally new technology. the turbine will be fixed 213 feet above the water on a floating spar(see picture), a technology hywinds creator, the norwegian company statoilhydro, has developed recently. the steel spar, which is filled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface, will be tied to the ocean floor by three cables (缆索); these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the waves. hywinds stability (稳定性) in the cold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind power. if all goes according to plan, the turbine will start producing electricity six miles off the coast of southwestern norway as early as september. to produce electricity on a large scale, a commercial wind farm will have to use bigger turbines than hywind does, but its difficult enough to balance such a large turbine so high on a floating spar in the middle of the ocean. to make that turbine heavier, the whole spars centre of gravity must be moved much closer to the oceans surface. to do that, the company plans to design a new kind of wind turbine, one whose gearbox (变速箱) sits at sea level rather than behind the blades (see picture). hywind is a test run, but the benefits for perfecting floating wind-farm technology could be extremely large. out at sea, the wind is often stronger and steadier than close to shore, where all existing offshore windmills are planted. deep-sea farms are invisible from land, which helps overcome the windmill-as-eyesore objection. if the technology catches on, it will open up vast areas of the planets surface to one of the best low-carbon power sources available. 1. the hywind project uses totally new technology to ensure the stability of.a. the cables which tie the spar to the ocean floorb. the spar which is floating in deep-sea waterc. the blades driven by strong and steady sea windd. the stones filled in the spar below the sea surface2. to balance a bigger turbine high on a floating spar, a new type of turbine is to be designed with its gearbox sitting.a. on the sea floorb. on the spar topc. at sea level d. behind the blades3. wide applications of deepwater wind power technology can.a. solve the technical problems of deepwater windmillsb. make financial profits by producing more turbinesc. settle the arguments about environmental problemsd. explore low-carbon power resources available at sea【参考答案】1-3 bcd阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。the organization representing british universities has expressed concern about the potential effect of tuition fees（学费）after figures showed a drop of more than 6% in student applications with less than a month to go before the deadline for 2013 applications.data from the universities and colleges admissions service (ucas) showed there were 265,784 university applications by uk-based candiates up to 17 decemeber, 6.3% down on the parallel period in the admissions cycle the year before. while this is less than the 8.4% year-on-uear fall seen in earlier ucas figures, released in mid-november, the coming january deadline makes it ever more likely that the total 2013 applicant figure will see a second sizeable fall following the introduction of annual fees of up to 9,000.nicola dandridge, the chairman of universities uk, said : “however, we must be concerned about any drops in the numbers applying to university and in particular, we must look closely at how the increase in graduate contributions in england may be affecting the decisions of promising students. however ,the december figures show a drop in numbers across the uk, suggesting that it is not only a question of tuition fees in england putting off from applying.”a report of the uncas figures to mid-december shows a 6.5% fall for applicants in england and 11.7% for those in wales, with smaller drops of 3.9% for scotland and 0.5% for nortern ireland. scotiish students at home insitiutions pay on fees, while those from nothern ireland have fees capped to 3,575 for northern irish universities.dandridge added: “no one should be put off applying to university because of worries about finance.”“it is important that no one is put off applying to university because they do not have information about the student support available to them. most new students dont need to pay directly. there will be more financial support for those from poorer families and everyone will make lower loan repayments thatn they do now once they are in well paid jobs.”文章大意：是一篇时文。报道了英国一个大学机构对2013以及近年来英国学生上大学申请人数逐年下降，并分析了下降的主要原因，同时也建议，学生应该上大学，并且可以寻求金融资助。36a drop of more than 6% for 2013 applications is probably the effect of .athe increased tuition fees bthe approaching deadlinecthe concern from applicants dthe difficulties with applications【答案】a【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段前两行the organization representing british universities has expressed concern about the potential effect of tuition fees（学费）说明主要是受学费上涨的影响，故a正确。37compared with the previous year, the fall in student applications is .a3.9%b6% c6.3%d8.4%【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段前三行data from the universities and colleges admissions service (ucas) showed there were 265,784 university applications by uk-based candidates up to 17 december, 6.3% down on the parallel period in the admissions cycle the year before.说明下降的数据是6.3%，说明c项正确。38why is the fall for application the smallest in soctoland and northem lreland?abecause they have more financial support.bbecause the tuition is much cheaper for them.cbecause the education is better there.dbecause the universities are free for them.【答案】b【解析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段a report of the uncas figures to mid-december shows a 6.5% fall for applicants in england and 11.7% for those in wales, with smaller drops of 3.9% for scotland and 0.5% for northern ireland. scottish students at home institutions pay on fees, while those from northern ireland have fees capped to 3,575 for northern irish universities.中的have fees capped to 3,575 for northern irish universities.以及第三段中的the total 2013 applicant figure will see a second sizeable fall following the introduction of annual fees of up to 9,000.说明这两个地方的学费比英格兰要低了很多，这是主要的原因。故b正确。39which of the following is true?athe application for universities is on a rise continuously.bthe fall for applications is due to family problems.cthe education in scotland and northern ireland is worse.dthe rise of tuition fees has an effect on applications.【答案】d【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段说明学费的上升是导致学生大学申请减少的主要原因。故d项正确。40the last paragraph tells us that .aeveryone should apply to universitybstudents may get financial supportsclower loan repayments is unavailabledmost new students will not pay fees【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后三行there will be more financial support for those from poorer families and everyone will make lower loan repayments than they do now once they are in well paid jobs.”说明这些贫穷的学生可以获得经济支持而完成他们的学业。故b正确。2015高考英语（附解析答案）.单项填空1 _thats important is that you are doing your best and moving in the right direction.aoneballceverything danything解析 考查不定代词的用法。句意：最重要的是你要尽力并朝着正确的方向前进。one一个人；all一切，所有；everything每一件事；anything任何事。通览全句，all符合语意及语境。答案 b2this kind of animal is able to protect itself from danger in many years._，the colouring of its hide makes it almost invisible when it is feeding in the shadow of trees.afirst at all bfirst of allcin all dafter all解析 句意：多年间这种动物能保护自己避免危险。首先，当它在树阴下进食时，它的色彩的隐蔽性使它不易被看到。空白处用来强调重要性，因此只能用first of all。无a项这种表达法。in all相当于altogether“总计”；after all“毕竟”，表程度。答案 b3for professional athletes，_ to the olympics means that they have a chance to enter the history books.aappeal battachmentcaccess dapproach解析 考查名词词义辨析。access进入。句意：对于专业运动员来说，参加奥运会就意味着他们有机会被载入史册。appeal请求；attachment附加；approach接近；方法。答案 c4when we climbed up to the top of the hill，we all were _.aout of the breath bshort of breathcout of breath dshort of breaths解析 考查固定短语out of breath的用法。out of breath为“气喘吁吁”，名词breath前没有冠词a，the，也没有复数breaths形式。答案 c5must i turn off the gas after cooking?of course.you cant never be _ careful with that.aenoughbtoo csodvery解析 考查cant/can never.too.句型，意为“再也不过分”。答案 b6id also like to _ you on your good work in these two years.acongratulate bcelebratecwish dhope解析 考查动词词义辨析。congratulate sb.on sth.“祝贺某人某事”，从搭配来看，应选择a项。celebrate的宾语通常是“物”，如节日、生日等。答案 a7the good thing about children is that they_ very easily to new environments.aadapt bappealcattach dapply解析 考查短语辨析。句意：关于孩子们，好的一点是他们很容易适应新环境。adapt to表示“使适应于”；appeal to表示“对有吸引力”；attach to表示“(使)相关”；apply to则表示“运用，适用于”。根据句意，a项正确。答案 a8frank put the medicine in a top drawer to make sure it would not be_to the kids.aaccessible brelativecacceptable dsensitive解析 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：frank把药放在顶层抽屉中