重庆市高考英语 （四月）阅读、短文改错训练（1） (2).doc

2015重庆四月高考英语阅读、短文改错训练（1）及答案阅读理解。why laughter mattersalthough most people believe that laughter is one of the natures great treatments for a whole range of mental and physical diseases, it is still a serious scientific subject that researchers are trying to figure out.“laughter above all else is a social thing，” says baltimore neuroscientist, robert provine, who has studied laughter for decades. “all laughter groups laugh hahaha basically the same way. whether you speak mandarin, french or english, everyone will understand laughter. there is a pattern generator(发生器) in our brain that produces this sound.”laughing is our first way of communicating. babies laugh long before they speak. no one teaches them how to laugh. they just do. people may laugh at a prank(恶作剧) on april fools day. but surprisingly, only 10 to 15 percent of laughter is the result of someone making a joke. laughter is mostly about social responses rather than to a joke. deaf people laugh without hearing and people on cell phones laugh without seeing, showing that laughter isnt dependent on single sense but on social interactions.and laughter is not just a thing of people. chimps tickle(挠痒) each other and even laugh when another chimp pretends to tickle them.jaak panksepp, a bowling green university psychology professor, studies rats that laugh when he tickles them. it turns out rats love to be tickledthey return again and again to the hands of researchers tickling them.by studying rats, scientists can figure out whats going on in the brain during laughter. northwestern university biomedical engineering professor, jeffrey burgdorf has found that laughter in rats produces a chemical that acts as an antidepressant(抗抑郁药). he thinks the same thing probably happens in humans, too. this would give doctors a new chemical target to develop drugs that can fight depression.even so, laughter itself has not been proved to be the best medicine, experts say. margaret stuber, a professor at university of california, studied whether laugher helped patients. she found that distraction(分心) and mood improvement helped, but she could not find a benefit of laughter alone.“no study has shown that laughter produces a direct health benefit，” provine said, largely because its hard to separate laughter from just feeling good. but he thinks it doesnt really matter, “isnt the fact that laughter feels good when you do it enough？”1the most important finding of robert provines research is that _alaughter makes a person feel goodblaughter depends on different sensesclaughter is a quality people are born withdlaughter is a social response shared by all creatures2according to the passage, scientists studied rats in order to find _aif they can laugh bif they like laughingcwhat laughter in rats produces dhow rats react while being tickled3what can we learn from the passage?apatients will recover if they laugh enough.blaughter is a means of communication as well as a language.ca new medicine has been developed based on the laughter research.dscientists can know what is happening in a human brain when he laughs.4which of the following shows the structure of the passage?a. b.c. d.cp: central pointp: pointsp: subpoint(次要点) c: conclusion【要点综述】“笑”既是人类也是动物的一种交际行为，多数人认为“笑”是治疗身体疾病和心理疾病的有效方式之一。“笑”是否与健康有直接的联系，尚无科学定论，但是，“笑”能使你身心愉悦，这毕竟是一件好事。1a推理判断题。根据最后一段“isnt the fact that laughter feels good when you do it enough？”可知a项正确。2c事实细节题。根据第六段“laughter in rats produces a chemical that acts as an antidepressant(抗抑郁药)”可知。故c项正确。3b事实细节题。根据第二段“all laughter groups laughhahaha basically the same way.”以及第三段“laughing is our first way of communicating.”可知，“笑”既是一种交际方式也是一种所有物种都能理解的语言。故b项正确。4d篇章结构题。文章第一节首先提出话题：尽管“笑”被认为是治疗身体疾病和心理疾病的方式之一，但是它仍旧是研究者们试图想弄明白的一个严肃的科研项目；接着文章从两个方面来论述主观点：(1)“笑”是人类的行为：laughter above all else is a social thinglaughing is our first way of communicating；(2)“笑”也是动物的行为：and laughter is not just a thing of people；最后得出结论：“笑”是否与健康有直接的联系尚无科学定论，但是，“笑”能使人身心愉悦，这毕竟是一件好事。综上可知d项正确。阅读理解(原创)the british people love talking about the weather. this hot summer, europe was caught in the heat wave, and many parts of china were also been struggling with record-breaking temperatures. therefore, theres plenty for the british people to get excited about. but beside from a simple“hot”, what other ways are there to describe the summer heat? apart from phrases like“boiling hot”, there are many interesting expressions that relate to unbearably hot weather. dog days of summerin books and newspaper articles, the period from early july to mid-august is often referred to as the“dog days of summer”. some think the expression means the weather is so hot that dogs go wild. but in fact, the expression comes from 16th century and refers to the days on which sirius(天狼星)the dog starrises at the same time as the sun. the romans associated the hot weather with this star and would sacrifice a dog every year in april to stop the anger of sirius. so hot you can fry an egg on the sidewalkthis expression needs no explanation and although its origin is unclear, it hasnt stopped thousands of curious tourists from testing if the saying is true, with the result that sidewalks in death valley, californiathe hottest place in the usare now littered with broken eggshells. early in july, the local government asked tourists to stop their cooking experiments. even so, it is actually possible to fry an egg on the sidewalk, so long as you use a frying pan with a lid and the temperature is at least 49. 【文章大意】本文介绍了英语中描述炎热天气的几个习语。1. whats the main idea of the passage? a. some expressions about hot weather. b. the heat wave in the world. c. sirius is associated with the hot weather. d. death valleythe hottest place in the us. 【解析】选a。主旨大意题。文中第一段以幽默的方式介绍了今年夏天全球的热浪, 其目的是引出本文的中心, 故b项错误; 第二段的最后一句话是整篇文章的主题句, 故a项正确; c、d两项都是文章中的一部分, 范围小了。2. according to the passage, how long does“dog days of summer”last? a. about one month. b. about two months. c. about two months and a half. d. about one month and a half. 【解析】选d。细节理解题。由第三段的第一句in books and newspaper articles, the period from early july to mid-august is often referred to as the“dog days of summer”. 可知“dog days of summer”持续大约一个半月。3. what caused broken eggshells littered around sidewalks in death valley? a. the hot weather. b. the curiosity of tourists. c. the permission of the local government. d. the origin of the expression. 【解析】选b。推理判断题。由最后一段可以看出好奇的游客为了验证当地的酷热是否能够“fry an egg on the sidewalk”, 不顾当地政府的告诫, 仍然坚持做这项实验, 故b项正确。4. which of the following is not necessary to test the last expression about hot weather? a. on the sidewalk. b. a frying pan with a lid. c. the temperature(49). d. in the hottest place. 【解析】选d。推理判断题。文章中提到的关于热浪的最后一个习语是“so hot you can fry an egg on the sidewalk”, 故a项是一个必要条件; 由最后一段的最后一句可知b、c是必要条件; d项范围太大。【技法导练】多学一点棋高一着阅读理解跳读查找关键词, 破解直接细节理解题如文章第2题解题步骤如下: (1)判断题干关键词“_”。(2)跳读原文, 找到题干关键词出现在第_段; 由此定位点向后可直接找到答案出处“in books and newspaper articles, the period from early july to mid-august is often referred to as the“dog days of summer”。(3)推断答案: 根据原文出处可以轻松算出该时期持续大约一个半月。答案: (1) dog days of summer 2014高考英语北部自主招生全真模拟试题】part 5 error correction(10%)if someone asks you how you can make you always81. _happy, you will perhaps find rather difficult to give him82. _a proper answerdid you remember the old saying“no83. _human being can really happy who is not giving or trying84. _to give happiness to others”? if you will always think of85. _taking more from others and give them less，you wont be86. _able to have happiness in your life even you are very rich.87. _heres an article for you. if each of you follow it, there88. _will be all end of many unhappy days of yoursso you should89. _learn to give up your own interests when necessarily to do so.90. _81. 将always 前的you 改为yourself 考查反身代词的用法。此处需掌握短语make oneself happy使自己高兴。82. find 后加it 考查it作形式宾语。此处it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式短语。83. did-do考查动词时态。根据文意应用一般现在时。84. really 前加 be 考查谓语动词。此处形容词happy前缺谓语动词be。85. 删除 will 考查动词时态。在条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。86. givegiving 考查动名词。此处and前后为并列关系，故改为动名词。87. even 后加 if / though; 或者 eventhough / although 考查状语从句的连接词。根据文意应改为even if或even though。 88. followfollows 考查主谓一致。此句的主语是each故用单数形式。89. 正确 经分析此句正确。90. necessarilynecessary考查be necessary to do的结构。【2014陕西省西安市长安区第一中学一模】短文改错（共10小题, 每小题1. 5分, 满分15