高中短文错题解题思路(教研).docx

（2017全国高考1卷）第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructors orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.短文改错 In the summer holiday following my birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructors orders, once I started the car, my mind blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the , “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “ left!” I was so nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes , the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a stop just in the middle the road.C-短文错题解题思路一、短文改错常见错误类型1. 谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点 常见动词错误类型有 一般现在时与一般过去时错用； and 前后动词时态不一致; 主谓不一致; 缺少动词,特别是be动词; 第三人称单数形式错用; 主动语态和被动语态错用。1） They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies.2）As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. 3）There will an important game next month.4）One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out.2. 名词的常见错误单复数名词错用；注意区分名词是可数还是不可数；或根据名词前的修饰语或谓语动词的单复数来判断。 Ill get good marks in all my subject. Their word were a great encouragement to me. Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well.3. 连词错误连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/ or/but等（一般考查从句关系 who/ whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether ） I have a good friend whos name is Liu Mei. I teach them, play with them, but watch them growing up.4. 冠词错误误用a和an（根据单词的第一个音素来判定）；误用a 和the（固定搭配，或泛指、特指；多余的冠词或少冠词） We may be one family and live under a same roof. As everyone knows, its famous mountain with all kinds of plants. I hope you have pleasant journey.5. 形容词和副词错误1) 系动词后用形容词（be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词 smell /feel）2) 词性的误用：形容词修饰名词；副词修饰动词、形容词。 3）比较级、最高级和原级的混用。 Im sure well have a wonderfully time together. My pronunciation was terribly. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is clean than ever.6. 代词错误1）代词的主格和宾格（I / me; He/him; She/ her; We/ us ;They/ them ）2）反身代词（myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves）3）代词的单数和复数4）多余的代词和少代词 Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. If any one of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out. Whats more , you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him7. 非谓语动词的常见错误1）不定式，动名词作主语，宾语。2）现在分词和过去分词的转化（主动和被动的错误）3）介词后用动名词ving形式作宾语。4）某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。 Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was. But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports. Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves. I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees.8. 介词错误1）词组中的介词误用，2）介词意思理解偏差，3）介词的多用或少用 There are too many people among my family. I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. 9、固定搭配错误 depend on 、with the development of sth 等重点词组的搭配10、句意错误 正反义词的转化错误二、短文改错解题思路和检查原则1）句中各部分的结构是否完整，特别是每个句子要有动词；2）谓语动词的时态、语态；3）非谓语动词的用法；4）名词的单、复数，格的使用是否正确；5）定冠词和不定冠词是否正确；6）代词的格和性的使用是否有误；7）定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确无误；8）并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。三、短文改错解题四原则1）改动以最少为原则 2）虚词以添加或删除为原则 3）实词以改变词形为原则4）以保持句子原意为原则