（全国通用）中考英语 创新高效复习（上册）第一部分 题型专项指导 Part Ⅳ完形填空 冀教版.doc

完形填空命题原则完形填空是一种测试考生综合运用英语语言知识能力的一种题型，它集阅读理解能力与语言应用能力考查于一体，考查考生在阅读理解基础上，在一定语言情景下灵活运用词汇的能力。它首先要求考生具备较强的阅读能力，具备能根据短文所给线索，捕捉相关信息，进行分析判断、逻辑推理的能力，它还要求考生能熟练运用所学词汇、语法、习惯用语及交际用语等语言知识进行填词，考查使用语言的准确性。由于完形填空属于有障碍性的阅读，考生对阅读这些含有空缺单词的短文没有把握、困难较大，所以往往望题生畏，因而完形填空历来是中考中考生失分率较高的题型。完形填空的命制一般遵循下列原则：1. 所选短文的题材多样，且贴近学生的生活实际。体裁多以记叙文为主，有时也有说明文、议论文或应用文等；2. 所选短文长度大多在150250词之间，难度要求与英语课程标准所倡导的五级英语阅读水平相当，或者文字材料难度略低于阅读理解的材料；3. 题型设定以考查语言意义为主，淡化考查语法形式或句子结构。短文的设空一般为10个或15个空，两空之间保持为710个单词，短文的首句和句尾一般不设空；4. 试题所涉及的词汇、语法的运用、上下文的理解和篇章结构安排等考点均衡分布。强调对内容的整体理解和上下文语境的把握；5. 文段生词要加汉语释义，一般每篇短文中汉注词不超过4个，掌握在3个以下为宜。题型走向近几年来，中考完形填空试题的难度逐渐增大,考查的重点已由在语篇中考查语法逐渐转向对语篇的整体理解，命题的形式也更加灵活。未来的题型会保持在单项选择型和词语填空型两大种：单项选择型【题型特点】这是选择型完形填空题。该题型的特点是将一篇难易适度的短文中10个或15个词语抽掉，对每一空格提供三个或四个属于相同或对等的选项，给判定选择带来一定的干扰。要求考生通读短文后，在理解短文意思的基础上，运用所学的词汇、句型、语法等语言知识及对短文的整体理解和逻辑推理，从备选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。【考题链接】通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出能填入短文相应空白处的最佳选项。（1）a hot dog is one of the most popular american foods. it was named after frankfurter, a german food.you may hear “hot dog” 1 in other ways. people sometimes say “hot dog” to express 2 . for example, a friend may ask 3 you would like to go to the cinema. you might say “great! i would love to go.” or, you could say, “ 4 ! i would love to go.”people 5 use the expression to describe (描写)someone who is a “show- off”, who tries to show everyone else how 6 he is. you often hear such 7 called a “hot dog”. he may be a baseball player, for example, who 8 the ball with one hand, making a (n) 9 catch seem more difficult. you know he is a hot dog because when he makes such a catch, he bows to the crowd, hoping to win their 10.1. a. eaten b. used c. cooked d. picked2. a. strength b. practice c. pleasure d. reply3. a. if b. how c. when d. where4. a. hot dog b. dont worry c. never mind d. excuse me5. a. ever b. also c. still d. yet6. a. hopeful b. careful c. kind d. great7. a. a dog b. a land c. a person d. an action8. a. catches b. plays c. passes d. throws9. a. hard b. funny c. exciting d. easy10. a. thanks b. cheers c. medals d. matches（2）growingupisnotalwayseasy.whenwefacedifficulties,aspiritofdependingon_ 11ismoreusefulthancryingforhelp.thatswhathongzhanhuisstoryofgrowingfromboytoman12familyhardshiptellsus.hongwasbornin1982inapoorfamilyinxihuacounty(县),henanprovince.whenhewasonly11,hisfatherbecamebadlyillandonedayhecamebackwithanunwantedbaby13.ayearlater,hongsmother 14home.shenolongerwantedtolivesuchapoorlifeandfacehersickhusband.soeverythinghardfellontotheyoungboys15:totakecareofhisfatherandtheyoungersisterchenchen,andtogoontostudy.althoughhislifewashard,hongdidntgoawayfromhisfatherandsister.hetookseveralpart-timejobsto 16hisfamily.heclimbedtalltreestogetbirdseggsforhissister.hewalked2hoursatweekendstothemarketto 17differentthingstosellaroundhisschool.afewyearslater,hestudiedatacollege.totakecareofchenchen,heworkedhardto 18aroomnearhiscollegeforher,andsenthertoschool.afterhongsstorywent19,hebecameaheroinpeopleseyes.buthong_20_ offersfromothershesaidhefeltencouragedbykindoffers,buthecoulddependonhisownwork.throughhishardlife,hehasgrownupfromboytoman.11.a.parentsb.friendsc.yourselfd.god12.a.outofb.intoc.withoutd.with13.a.dogb.catc.girld.boy14.a.leftb.arrivedc.wentd.came15.a.backb.shouldersc.headd.body16.a.helpb.savec.protectd.feed17.a.makeb.buyc.produced.collect18.a.buildb.borrowc.rentd.share19.a.publicb.clearc.byd.far20.a.acceptedb.askedc.receivedd.refused词语填空型a.【题型特点】这是限词填空完形题。该题型的特点是在将一篇短文中若干个词抽出时留下该词的第一个字母作为提示和限制，让考生根据短文的意思，把单词拼写完整，使句子意思正确、短文通顺。【考题链接】通读短文，掌握其大意，然后根据首字母提示在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。（1）the earth moves round the s1. when our part of the earth turns to the sun, it is d2. when our part of the earth turns a3 from the sun, it is right.the sun is much bigger than the moon. but sometimes the moon looks bigger than the sun, because it is much n4 to the earth.the sun is very bright. it gives very strong l5. the moon looks quite bright, but it d6 give any light at all. the light from the moon comes f 7the sun.the moon looks much bigger and brighter t8 the stars. but in fact the stars are a lot bigger and brighter than the m9. they look smaller than the moon because they are f10away from the earth.（2）my family went to a restaurant for dinner one night. when we were walking to the restaurant from our car, a girl about my age and her mother c 11 towards us. they asked if we had any m 12. my mom asked where they were l 13. the girl said there were six of them staying in an o 14 black car. my mom gave them a few dollars. then she sent me inside the restaurant w 15 my dad and my three sisters. h 16, my mom didnt come. later, i found out that she had gone h 17 and put all the food in our cupboard into a few bags. then she brought that food over to the car and gave the bags to the poor f 18. i wasnt there when that part happened, yet i can i 19 the joy on their faces. after painting this picture in my mind, i understood w 20 my mom had done what she did that night. i will never forget this lesson in kindness from my mom.b.【题型特点】这是限词填空完形题。该题型的特点是在将一篇短文中若干个词抽出，然后在括号里给出该词的汉语意思作为提示和限制，让考生通读短文后，把该空白处的单词拼写出来，使句子意思正确、短文完整。【考题链接】通读短文，掌握其大意，然后根据括号内汉语提示在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。（1）most of american businesses are open five days a week. american school children attend school five days a week as well. american families usually have a1_（两天） weekend. the weekend is saturday and sunday. over the weekend people spend their time in many2_（不同的）ways. many families enjoy weekends3_（一起）. they may go shopping， go for a drive or visit friends. they may also invite friends over andhave a4_（聚会）at home. many american families participate（参加）in sports during the weekend. 5_（跑步）, biking, playing volleyball and swimmingare6_（流行）in summer. skiing and skating are the7_（最喜爱的）winter sports.weekends are also a time for american families to work on something in their yards or in8_（他们的）houses. many families plant flowers and have vegetable gardens. some families use the weekends to9_（粉刷）or repair their houses. for10_（大部分美国人）, weekends are very busy.（2）liuweiisanunusualyoungman.helostbotharmsina11(可怕的)accidentattheageof10,buthestillheldontohis12（梦想）asachild,helovedmusic.hewantedtoplaythepianowithhis13(脚),buthecouldntfind14(任何人)toteachhim.sohehadtolearnby15(他自己).hekeptpracticingforsevenhoursevery day.heoften16(说)“forpeoplelikeme,thereare17(仅仅)twochoices.oneistogiveupallidealsandquicklydie18(没有)hope;theotheristostrugglewithnoarmstoliveawonderfullife.”threeyearslater,hemanagedtobecomethechampionofchinasgottalentandwas19(称作)the“armlesspianist”bypeople.c.【题型特点】这是选词填空类题。该题型的特点从原文中抽出5个或10个单词或短语，把它们的顺序打乱，并以原形的形式放在短文前面或后面的方框内，要求考生从中选出适当的词或短语以正确的形式填入短文空格内，有时还设几个多余的干扰词语。【考题链接】通读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从方框中选择单词或短语，并用其适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。其中有两个词（短语）是多余的。（1）happy, interest, problem, never, get away, eye, run, tire, have, miss, catch, thinka man was sitting in the doctors office. he was telling the doctor about his 1_.“i like football, doctor.” he said, “please help me. my life has 2_ been a good one since i became 3_ in football and it is getting worse and worse. i cant even 4_ from it in my sleep. when i close my 5_, im out there in the football field and 6_ after a flying ball. when i wake up, im more 7_than i was before i went to bed. what am i going to do? ” the doctor sat back and said，“first of all, you 8_ to do your best not to dream about football. before you fall asleep, try to 9_about something else. try to think that you are at a party and someone is going to give you several million dollars.” “are you crazy (疯了) ?” the man shouted. “ ill 10_ the ball !”（2）through,and, dancing, exciting, music, last, enjoy, them, style, firsthave you seen a group of boys dancing hip-hop together? the music beat is usually 11and cool! and the people dancing hip-hop seem to really 12 what they are doing.what is the real meaning of “hip-hop”? some people say it is the motion (动作,姿态)that people make while theyre 13. they move their hips (臀部) sideways when they dance. thats very interesting.the 14 hip-hop music came to the world in the beginning of the 1970s by djs (disk jockeys). a jamaican (牙买加人)known as kool here was the first person who performed hip-hop music. whenever people think of hip-hop, music and dance are the first things that come out in their minds.however, there are other things that are part of the hip-hop culture. one of them is graffiti. graffiti is modem art where you draw pictures and words on walls, trains, 15 other places with spray (喷射)paint. many of you may have seen these things around your neighborhood. some of those works are really terrific!also, there is a certain 16 of fashion, such as wearing bigger size jeans, casual shirts, sneakers，and colorful caps，that the young people like to wear. they call it “hip-hop fashion”.hip-hop culture is a new style of the younger generation. they express their feelings 17 this culture and enjoy it. so whenever you see groups of young people dancing hip-hop and singing, just stop for a moment and try to understand 18!d.【题型特点】用所给词的适当形式填空完成短文，是从词形和词义两个方面来考查学生对所学英语词汇的记忆、认知、掌握及综合运用能力。考查内容既有比较简单的词形转换，更有对知识的综合运用方面的考查。这些变化主要包括词形变化和词类变化，具体情况如下：一是括号内所给单词的词类不变，根据短文语境，仅在词形上作适当的变化，然后填入空白处。另外一种是根据语意，对括号内所给单词作词类转换，把转换后的单词的正确形式填入空白处。 【考题链接】通读下列短文，用括号中所给动词的正确形式填空，使短文完整。必要时可加情态动或助动词。dearsandy，thanksforyouremail.ivearrivedathomesafeandsound.mygrandparents1_(live)inasmalltownthirtymilesawayfromxuzhou.ispentabouthalfanhour2_(get)there.theygavemeawarmwelcomeand3_(cook)meabigmeal.wechattedfarintothenightandi4_(tell)somehappystoriesaboutthemandtheirneighbors.since2001greatchanges 5_(takeplace)inxuzhou.iwilltakesomephotosandsendsometoyou.nexttimeidlikeyouandyourfamilytocomewithme.youcan 6_(visit)manyplacesofinteresthere.changleee.【题型特点】这是自由填空完形题。该题型的特点是将一篇短文中的若干个词抽出后，不给任何提示，完全由考生根据短文的大意，在每个空格中填上一个词，使短文意思完整。所填的词只要在词义上能使短文意思顺理成章，在语法逻辑上正确无误即可。因此，这类试题允许有多个正确的答案，考生可以自由选择。 【考题链接】通读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后在短文后的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。students learn their lessons in class. they sit in the classroom 1_to the teacher. this is a way of learning. is this the 2_way for students to learn. of course not. there is another way to learn. that is students can teach themselves. for 3_, if you cannot remember something when you are doing your homework, what will you do? you can look at your book to 4_the answer.how to teach yourself? the first thing you must do is reading. read something you are 5_in, or you have to read. the second is that you must ask yourself questions. a clever student is usually 6_at asking questions. the third is to answer the questions yourself by 7_ hard, by reading books, and sometimes by asking 8_people. these are the ways of teaching yourself. if you keep doing 9_these for a long time, you are sure to have great 10_in your study.即时检测i.通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出能填入短文相应空白处的最佳选项。iwasflyingtonewyorkatnight.suddenly,astormbrokeandtheplanebegantobetossed(颠簸)around.whenilooked 1 theplane,icouldseethatnearlyallthepassengerswereworriedandafraid.thefutureseemedterribleandmanywere 2 iftheywouldmakeitthroughthestorm.then,i3sawalittlegirl.itseemedthatthestormmeant 4 toher.shesatonherseatreadingabook.sometimessheclosedhereyes,thenshewouldreadagain,withno5orfearinhereyes.whentheotherpassengerswerescaredhalftodeath,thatchildwascompletelycalmand6.icouldntbelievemyeyes.whentheplanefinallyreachednewyork,iwasnotsurprisedto 7thatallthepassengerswerehurryingtocomeout.istoppedandspoketothegirlwhomihad8forsuchalongtime.iasked9shehadnotbeenafraid.thechildreplied,“mydaddyisthe9,andheistakingmehome.”1.a.atb.aroundc.upd.into2.a.wonderingb.expectingc.dreamingd. realizing3.a.probablyb.luckilyc.suddenlyd.certainly4.a.somethingb.anythingc.everythingd.nothing5.a.prideb.worryc.angerd.regret6.a.unafraidb.nervousc.actived.tired7.a.sayb.hearc.findd.think8.a.knownb.watchedc.helpedd.protected9.a.whetherb.howc.whend.why10.a.guardb.driverc.pilotd.traveler. 通读短文，掌握其大意，然后根据括号内汉语、括号内英语或首字母提示在短文的空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。china is a country with many colorful and festival. the dragon head raising day is one of them. this special day is on the second day of the second month in the chinese lunar calendar. it s_1 for the started of spring and farming.the dragon is i_2 chinese. we chinese people call 3_(我们自己)the “descendants(传人)of the dragon”. so people 4_the dragon head raising day with many customs about dragon. on the day in a _5 times, people put ashes in the kitchen. this was to “lead the dragon into the house”. people believed that with the 6_of the dragon,they could have a good 7_(收获)in autumn.also, people eat special foods on that day. the foods usually named a _8 dragon. for example,people eat “dragon whisker” noodles and dumplings called “dragon teeth”.today,many customs have disappeared. but one that has 9_is the cutting of hair. it was said that a haircut during the first lunar month may bring luck to the 10_of a familymothers brothers. so many people have their hair cut on the dragon head raising day.通读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从方框中选择单词或短语，并用其适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。其中有两个词（短语）是多余的。angry, invite, however, with, please, from, visitor, celebrate, taste, soup, fine, heone day a visitor came to nasreddins house. “i am your cousin konya,” he said, “and i have brought you a duck to 1the visit.” nasreddin was 2. he asked his wife to cook the duck, and served the visitor a 3 dinner. the next day another visitor arrived. “i am the friend of the man who brought you the duck,” he said. nasreddin invited him in and gave 4 a good meal. the next day another visitor arrived, and said he was the friend of the friend of the man who had brought the duck. again nasreddin invited him in for a meal. 5, he was getting a bit angry. 6 seemed to be using his house as a restaurant.then another visitor came, and said he was the friend of the friend of the friend of the man who had brought the duck. he was 7 in. nasreddins wife brought some 8 to the table and the visitor tasted it. “what kind of soup is this? it just like warm water.” “ah!”said nasreddin. “that is the soup of the soup of the soup of the duck.”.通读下列短文，用括号中所给动词的正确形式填空，使短文完整。必要时可加情态动或助动词。now more than 20 schools in the northwest of china1 _ (use) e-textbooks. some teachers say that they make learning easier and 2_ (teach) more convenient.jing xuan is excited about lessons like chinese, english and math. she 3_ (enjoy) the pictures and animations(动画)in the e-textbooks. the children here 4_(study) with e-textbooks since last september.with the help of the e-textbooks, some good ideas 5_ (share) at times. someparents encourage their children 6_ (try) the e-textbooks to make learning e