Linux下fdisk使用方法.docx

Linux下fdisk使用方法理论知识：一块磁盘最多有4个分区，包括（主分区+扩展分区），扩展分区不能直接使用，需进行分区为逻辑分区，其数字从5开始。首先在未开机前添加一块磁盘，然后开机。rootwangbin # fdisk l / 查看磁盘分区情况Disk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 5221 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sda1 * 1 25 200781 83 Linux /系统引导分区/dev/sda2 26 286 2096482+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris /交换分区/dev/sda3 287 5221 39640387+ 83 LinuxDisk /dev/sdb: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sdb1 1 1217 9775521 83 Linux/dev/sdb2 1218 2434 9775552+ 83 LinuxDisk /dev/sdc: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytesDisk /dev/sdc doesnt contain a valid partition table / /dev/sdc磁盘没有有效的分区表，说明没有进行分区。rootwangbin # fdisk /dev/sdc /对 /dev/sdc进行分区Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabelBuilding a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previouscontent wont be recoverable.The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 2610.There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,and could in certain setups cause problems with:1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs (e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)Command (m for help): m /输入m得到帮助信息Command action a toggle a bootable flag b edit bsd disklabel c toggle the dos compatibility flag d delete a partition / 删除分区 l list known partition types m print this menu n add a new partition /增加分区 o create a new empty DOS partition table p print the partition table /打印分区 q quit without saving changes /不保存退出 s create a new empty Sun disklabel t change a partitions system id u change display/entry units v verify the partition table w write table to disk and exit /保存退出 x extra functionality (experts only)Command (m for help): nCommand action e extended p primary partition (1-4)pPartition number (1-4): 1First cylinder (1-2610, default 1): Using default value 1Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-2610, default 2610): +500MCommand (m for help): pDisk /dev/sdc: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sdc1 1 62 497983+ 83 LinuxCommand (m for help): nCommand action e extended p primary partition (1-4)pPartition number (1-4): 2First cylinder (63-2610, default 63): Using default value 63Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (63-2610, default 2610): +500MCommand (m for help): nCommand action e extended p primary partition (1-4)pPartition number (1-4): 3First cylinder (125-2610, default 125): Using default value 125Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (125-2610, default 2610): +500MCommand (m for help): nCommand action e extended p primary partition (1-4)eSelected partition 4First cylinder (187-2610, default 187): Using default value 187Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (187-2610, default 2610): Using default value 2610Command (m for help): pDisk /dev/sdc: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sdc1 1 62 497983+ 83 Linux/dev/sdc2 63 124 498015 83 Linux/dev/sdc3 125 186 498015 83 Linux/dev/sdc4 187 2610 19470780 5 Extended /扩展分区Command (m for help): nFirst cylinder (187-2610, default 187): Using default value 187Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (187-2610, default 2610): +500MCommand (m for help): nFirst cylinder (249-2610, default 249): Using default value 249Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (249-2610, default 2610): +500MCommand (m for help): nFirst cylinder (311-2610, default 311): Using default value 311Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (311-2610, default 2610): +500MCommand (m for help): pDisk /dev/sdc: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sdc1 1 62 497983+ 83 Linux/dev/sdc2 63 124 498015 83 Linux/dev/sdc3 125 186 498015 83 Linux/dev/sdc4 187 2610 19470780 5 Extended/dev/sdc5 187 248 497983+ 83 Linux/dev/sdc6 249 310 497983+ 83 Linux/dev/sdc7 311 372 497983+ 83 LinuxCommand (m for help): dPartition number (1-7): 7Command (m for help): pDisk /dev/sdc: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sdc1 1 62 497983+ 83 Linux/dev/sdc2 63 124 498015 83 Linux/dev/sdc3 125 186 498015 83 Linux/dev/sdc4 187 2610 19470780 5 Extended/dev/sdc5 187 248 497983+ 83 Linux/dev/sdc6 249 310 497983+ 83 LinuxCommand (m for help): wThe partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.Syncing disks.rootwangbin # partprobe /使分区生效Warning: Unable to open /dev/hdc read-write (Read-only file system). /dev/hdc has been opened read-only.rootwangbin # fdisk -l /dev/sdc /查看/dev/sdc的分区Disk /dev/sdc: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylindersUnits = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sdc1 1 62 497983+ 83 Linux/dev/sdc2 63 124 498015 83 Linux/dev/sdc3 125 186 498015 83 Linux/dev/sdc4 187 2610 19470780 5 Extended/dev/sdc5 187 248 497983+ 83 Linux/dev/sdc6 249 310 497983+ 83 Linuxrootwangbin # mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdc1 对/dev/sdc1进行格式化mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)Filesystem label=OS type: LinuxBlock size=1024 (log=0)Fragment size=1024 (log=0)124928 inodes, 497980 blocks24899 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super userFirst data block=1Maximum filesystem blocks=6763315261 block groups8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group2048 inodes per groupSuperblock backups stored on blocks: 8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729, 204801, 221185, 401409Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (8192 blocks): doneWriting superblocks and filesystem accounting information: doneThis filesystem will be automatically checked every 38 mounts or180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.rootwangbin # mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdc2 /对/dev/sdc2进行格式化rootwangbin # mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdc3 /对/dev/sdc3进行格式化rootwangbin # mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdc5 /对/dev/sdc5进行格式化rootwangbin # mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdc6 /对/dev/sdc6进行格式化rootwangbin # mkdir -p /sdc/sdc1 /创建/sdc/sdc1目录rootwangbin # mkdir -p /sdc/sdc2rootwangbin # mkdir -p /sdc/sdc3rootwangbin # mkdir -p /sdc/sdc5rootwangbin # mkdir -p /sdc/sdc6rootwangbin # mount /dev/sdc1 /sdc/sdc1 /将/sdc/sdc1挂载到/dev/sdc1rootwangbin # mount /dev/sdc2 /sdc/sdc2rootwangbin # mount /dev/sdc3 /sdc/sdc3rootwangbin # mount /dev/sdc5 /sdc/sdc5rootwang