Unit5词汇导学案.docx

Unit5词汇导学案 审核：高二英语组Unit5词汇导学案（1）1. adjust v.(1) to change slightly, esp. in order to make suitable for a particular job or new conditions 调解,调整使适合我得调整我的表,他走慢了。I must adjust my watch _. It is slow.他很快便适应了这个国家的酷热天气。He adjusts himself very quickly to the heat of the country.(2) to put into order ;put in place 使有条理；置于适当的位置 你的衣领需要整理一下。Your collar needs adjusting.发散思维(同)adjust oneself to 适应 (派)adjustor /adjuster n.调整者 adjustable adj.可调整的，可校准的 adjustment n.调整，调节，修正，校正开放思维 make adjustments 做调查adjust to ,to 为介词，后面须接名词,或doing,不接不定式。类似的短语有：devoteto ,make contribution to ,with a view to; be(get) used to ,be accustomed to ,look forward to ,pay attention to ,get down to ,lead to ,stick to ,object to, in addition toon the way, compare to, turn to, add to, point to, belong to, reply to, see to, etc.2. lecture (1)n. a speech spoken or read before a group of people 上课，讲课史密斯先生给我们做了一个精彩的报告。Mr.Smith gave us an interesting lecture (2)v. to give a lecture 作演讲，讲课张教授这学期没课。Professor Zhang is not lecturing this term (3)v. scold or warn somebody (about something) 斥责或告诫某人他老是训斥子女不讲整洁。He always lectures his children for being untidy. 发散思维(派)lecturer n.讲师 lectureship n.讲师的职位开放思维a lecture tour 巡回演讲 give sb. a lecture 训斥某人give a lecture 讲课 deliver a lecture 上课lecture sb. for/about sth.因某事斥责或告诫某人 read a lecture 讲学3. preparation n.(1)n.Uthe action of preparing 预备他对考试没做什么准备。He did too little preparation for his examination (2)n.Uthe state of being prepared 准备出售新产品的计划还在准备中。Plans for selling the new product are now in preparation.(3)n.Can arrangement 安排、准备（常做复数）他正在准备结婚。She is making preparation for her marriage.发散思维prepare sth.准备某事 prepare for sth.为某事做准备be prepared for sth.对某事做好准备 prepare to do sth.能够并愿意做某事prepare the ground for sth.为发展某事做准备 prepare sb. for sth.使某人对某事做准备In preparation 在准备中 make preparations for为做准备4. recommend vt(1) to speak in favour of ；praise (as being good for a purpose) 推荐、赞许；长与介词to、for、as 连用你能给我介绍一本好词典吗？Can you recommend a good dictionary to me?他们称赞他是好律师。They recommended him as a good lawyer. (2)to advise or suggest 劝告、建议。后接doing 不接to do 不定式做宾语，还可接复合宾语，或接虚拟语气从句。老师建议每一个人都应积极参加英语晚会。The teacher recommended that everyone should take an active part in the English party. (3) to make attractive 使诱人这家旅馆除了便宜之外，毫无可取之处。This hotel has nothing to recommend except cheapness .发散思维(同)suggest, advise建议 (派)recommendable adj.可推荐的，得当的，明智的recommendation n.推荐、介绍信辨析：introduce 与recommend 两者都有介绍的意思。introduce 介绍与某人相识，常用句型introduce sb .to sb. recommend 向某人介绍或推荐，侧重于个人倾向 开放思维recommend 后接不定式的复合结构；也可接doing 形式。 有类似用法的单词有：allow, advise, forbid, permit等。recommend 表示主观判断，通常引起虚拟的宾语从句，从句谓语动词用should+动词原型，should 可以省略。有类似用法的单词有：advise,command,deside,demand,desire,insist,maintain,order,propose,require,suggest,urge,etc.5. comfort n& vi(1)n .Ustate of being free from suffering ,pain or anxiety.舒适，身体健康他们尽力使我们觉得舒适。They did everything for our comfort. (2)nhelp or kindness 帮助，仁爱，安慰这消息给大家带来了安慰。The news brought comfort to all of us. (3)vi.give comfort to sb.安慰某人孩子跑到母亲身边，以求安慰。The child ran to its mother to be comforted.发散思维来源:学.科.网（同）relief ,consolation 安慰 （派）comfortable adj.安逸的，舒适的 comfortably adv.舒适地，舒服地 comforter n.安慰者，被子 comfortless adj无舒适生活设施的 comfortably off 生活宽裕Unit5词汇导学案（2）6. substitute n.&v(1)n.person or thing that replaces 代替、替换，后常与介词for连用，也可做定语。来源:Zxxk.Com他是替补队员。He is a substitute player on the team. (2)vt.put or use sb.as a substitute 用代替，后接for 我们把这把破损的椅子得换个新的。We must substitute a new chair for the broken one.开放思维substitute sb.for sb.代替某人replace sth.with sth.用某物代替某物change sth.for sth 用某物替换某物 代替take the place of take ones place in place of instead of 7. acknowledge vt.（1）accept; admit 承认，后接n/doing/ that从句/to be /as他是世界上公认的优秀诗人。He is generally acknowledged as the finest poet in the world. (2)express thanks for为表示感谢他对国家所作出的贡献从未受到正式的表彰。His service to the country was never officially acknowledged.(3) 以微笑或打招呼表示认为某事人来我就站在她旁边，可是她连个招呼都不打。I was standing right next to her, but he didnt even acknowledge me. 发散思维(同) admit 承认 （派）acknowledgement n.承认，致谢开放思维a generally acknowledged fact 公认的事实 acknowledge to be 供认acknowledge help 对相助表示感谢 acknowledge sb.as承认某人为8. concern vt&n(1) vt.to worry, to trouble, to bother 使人担忧，烦恼，打搅我们的损失使我担心起来。Our losses are beginning to concern me.(2) vt.be the business of sb. ,affect, be important to 影响，对要求(3)n.worry, anxiety担心、忧虑、焦急，常接for/about/over/that从句。现在越来越担心他们可能已经遭到杀害。There is growing concern that they have been killed.-(4)n.thing that is important or interesting to sb.对某人来说重要的或感兴趣的事物你身为作家对什么感兴趣。What are your main concerns as a writer?这事与我无关。It is no concern of mine. 发散思维(同)bother v.打搅 worry v.担心 (派)concernedly adv.担心地 concerning prep.关于concerned adj.担心的，烦恼的开放思维as far as one concern 就某人而言so far as one concern就某人而言concern oneself with/in/about sth. 关心某事，忙于某事be concerned in sth.与某事有牵连，对某市负责任be concerned to do sth .把做某事视为自己的事be concerned with sth. 与某事有关 be concerned about/for sth. 担心9. (1).parallel adj.:平行的，极相似的；画一条与这条线相平行的线。Draw a line parallel to/with this one. (2).n平行线，相似这种传统在我们文化中是没有的。This tradition has no parallel in our culture. (3)v.与相似，比得上他们的法律制度与我们的相似。Their legal system parallels our own.发散思维in parallel with 与平行 without parallel 无与伦比；举世无双parallel lines 平行线 parallel bars 双杠10. abundant adj.丰富的，富裕的be abundant in 富于; .很丰富这个国家的石油和天然气供应十分充足。The country has abundant