新课标2016高考英语语法填空解题策略及解题思路.docx

新课标2016高考英语语法填空解题策略及解题思路。新课标高考英语语法填空解题策略及解题思路。(附2007-2015年高考英语语法填空真题)无提示词的解题技巧技巧1名词/代词/动名词前设空，首先考虑限定词。 a, an, the, my, your, his, which, whose, ones, some, any, one, each, either, neither, another, other等例1. I wonder _which_ team would win, Black or Red?技巧2及物动词后设空，此处缺宾语或宾语从句。应考虑名词，代词或宾语从句连接词。例1. I found _it_ difficult to explain to him what had happened.技巧3分析句子关系，正确使用_连接词_例1. Put the book back _where_ it was.有提示词的解题技巧技巧1：首先要分析该空的句子成分,再确定_词性和词形_。I am eager to share my _happiness_ ( happy) with you.技巧2：句中缺失谓语，要考虑_时态和语态_。例1.The first card _was designed_ (design) by the boy last week.技巧3：若提示词是动词，在句中不做谓语，需优先考虑_非谓语动词to do, doing, done_。例1. _To catch_ (catch) the train, the boy is running like a wild horse.技巧4：adj.或adv.最常考, _词形变换和级别_最重要。例1.You have made much _greater_ (great) progress in English.语篇型语法填空题备考思路大致有如下特点：语法填空题专项训练范例语篇型语法填空题的形式为：在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词。考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。一、给出动词基本形态，填写词性词形转化(转为名词、形容词)，或填写谓语部分，可能需要填写两个或三个词，或是填写非谓语动词；二、给出形容词，需要填写比较级、最高级，或词性词形转化，转化为副词，或是填写反义词(前缀)；三、给出副词，填写比较级、最高级，或是填写反义词；四、不给提示词，主要填写介词、连词、冠词和代词。有提示词：考查谓语动词非谓语动词形容词副词无提示词：考查冠词介词连词代词2015年最新真题（新课标一）第二节阅读下面材料，用不多于1个单词的正确形式填空Yangshuo, ChinaIt was raining lightly when I_61_(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didnt care. A few hours_62_, Id been at home in Hong Kong, with _63_(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.Id skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River_64_are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _65_(painting). Instead, I d head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, its only an hour away_66_ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.Yangshuo_67_(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers_68_(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it_69_(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people_70_(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.【答案】61. arrived 62. before/earlier 63. its 64. that/which65. paintings 66. by 67. is 68. conducted CCC 69. regularly 70. living【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者到中国阳朔游玩的经历和感受。61. arrived句意：就在天亮之前我到了阳朔，天下着小雨。根据前后句时态可知用一般过去时。62. before/earlier句意：几个小时前，我在香港家里。注意不可以用ago。63. its句意：带着窒息的烟雾。后面为名词，故用its。64. that/which句意：漓江被许多艺术家所绘画。考查定语从句。先行词为Li River，在从句中作主语.65. paintings句意：在如此多的中国绘画中。painting为可数名词，注意用复数形式。66. by句意：乘汽车只需要1个小时。by car乘汽车。67. is句意：阳朔真的很漂亮。这里用一般现在时。68. conducted句意：一项网站所进行的调查。过去分词作后置定语，表示被动关系。69. regularly句意：定期为人们安排这里适合旅行的地方。修饰动词，用副词修饰。70. living句意：住在上海和香港的人们。现在分词作后置定语。2015年最新真题（新课标二）第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。The adobe dwellings(土坯房）61 _(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admiredby even62 _most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their63 _(able) to “air condition” a house without64 _（use）electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat_65_（slow）during cool nights，thus warning the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _66 _(cool) the house during the hot day；_67_ the same time, they warm up again for the night This cycle _68_ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset（抵消）for the outside temperatures. As _69_(nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly_70_thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.参考答案：61.built 62 the 63. ability64.using介词without后接动名词use去掉字母e再加-ing。65.slowly用slow的副词形式slowly修饰动词give out.66.to cool形容词加enough后接不定式。67.at at the same time是固定词组。68.goes根据上下文，此处用一般现在时态。这种循环日复一日。69.natural形容词做定语修饰名词architects。70.how根据句意，应用how修饰形容词thick，连接宾语CCCCCC从句。2014年最新真题（新课标一）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix？In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It 61_ (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 62_ (actual) caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of 63_ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.But the river wasnt changed in a few days 64 _ even a few months. It took years of work 65 _ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 66 _ (clean) than ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit 67 _ is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation, dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?While there are 68_(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 69_(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70 _ (patience).参考答案：was；actually；the；or；to reduce；cleaner；that/ which；amazing；changes；patient.（2014新课标二）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about 61 _ (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, 62_some of them looked very anxious and 63_ (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next 64_the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike 65_(catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused 66_ (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept 67_(ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stoop up and asked, “ 68_anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh dear！It is 69_（I）”. She pushed her way to the driver and to the little boy. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done. And the passengers 70 _（sudden）became friendly to one another.参考答案：being; and; disappointed; to; caught; to stop; riding; Did; me /mine; suddenly.2014对话体（2014年新课标全国卷考试说明样题）Mum: (putting on her coat) Im going to have to go down to the shop for more bread.Alan: Why?Mum: Im not sure what1(happen). I made some sandwiches earlier and left them on the table2I went to answer the phone. But someone must have taken them because theyre3(go).Alan: Oh, it must have been Dad. Im sure he was in the kitchen4(early).Mum: No, he went off to his tennis match before I finished5(make) them, so he couldnt have done it.6, he couldnt carry a plate of sandwiches as well as all his tennis stuff, so Im sure7wasnt him.Alan: (opening the fridge door) Well, it wasnt me. But Mum, look! Are these your sandwiches here on the bottom shelf of8fridge?Mum: Are they there? Oh, my goodness. I9have put them in there when the phone rang. Oh, dear. I really must be losing my10. Now, why did I put on my coat?【答案与解析】这是一篇对话。妈妈健忘，她接电话回来时，认为面包被人拿走了，故穿上大衣要去买面包。结果阿兰发现她把面包放进了冰箱里。妈妈在知道面包在冰箱时，竟然又忘了自己为什么要穿上大衣。1. happened考查动词时态。根据语境分析，该句句意：我不确定出什么事了。happen是指过去的动作，故用过去时态。2. when考查连词。根据语境分析，该句句意为：我早就做好了些三明治，把它们放在桌子上，此时就去接电话了。when在此处为并列连词，意为“这时；此时”。while当时，从句谓语动词多为延续性，且在句中不能修饰句子谓语动词madeand left，故不用while引导时间状语从句。3. gone考查分词形容词。由上文的But someone must have taken them即可分析，后面解释的原因该是：因为面包不见了。而动词go的过去分词形式gone恰好可认为是形容词，含有“离去的；不见的；过去的”之意。故填入gone。4. earlier考查形容词。由上文的Oh, it must have been Dad.分析，Im sure he was in the kitchen是在“之前”。故该填入形容词early的比较级earlier，表示“之前，早些时候”，符合语境。5. making考查非谓语动词。由句式结构和遣词造句分析，finish后需接动名词作宾语。故填入动词make的动名词形式。6. Anyway/Besides考查副词。句意：无论如何，他也不可能除了带上网球用品外，再带上一盘子三明治，因此我敢肯定不是他。根据语境可知anyway符合句意，而副词besides含有“此外”之意，也符合语境，但两个单词在书写时必须首字母大写。7. it考查代词。由上文的Oh, it must have been Dad.的语境也可分析，此处该用人称代词it，即强调“心中所指”的人。8. the考查冠词。此处为特定的表达，即特指家里的冰箱，故用定冠词the。9. must考查情态动词。由上文的语境left them on the table也可分析，此处该是表示对过去的肯定推测，故用must have done，即表示“对过去事情的肯定推测”。此句句意：电话响的时候，我一定是把它们放在那里了。故填入情态动词must。10. mind/memory根据语境可知，妈妈什么都不记得了，故认为自己失去了“记忆语法填空专练2013广东高考真题One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he1( find ) that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son, “Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it; neither too much2too little.”His son looked surprised. “I can understand why I shouldnt pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less,3not save a bit of money?”“That would be a very4( reason ) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours,” Nick said.Nicks guests,5had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. Nick replied, “The only reason a man would sell salt6alower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect7the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”“But such a small thing couldnt8( possible ) destroy a village.”“In the beginning, there was only9very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always10( think ) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.”参考答案2013广东高考真题1. found2.nor3.why4.reasonable5.who6. at7.for8.possibly9.a10.thinking2012广东高考真题Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day,_1_( wear ) sun glasses. He walked in as if he _2_(buy) the school , and the word quickly got around that he was from New York City .For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt _3_ (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasnt her, it was probably the fact that she sat in _4_last row._5_ he thought he could escape attention by sitting at the back ,he was wrong . It might have made it a little _6_( hard ) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around ,but that didnt stop the kids in the class. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary,_ 7_made her feel like a star .“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons ?” the teacher asked .The new boy shook his head.” Then Id appreciate it if you didnt wear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when Im speaking to you.” The new boy looked at the teacher _8_ a few seconds and all the other students wondered _9_ the boy would do .Then he took _10_ off, gave a big smile and said “That is cool.2012广东高考真题1.wearing2.had bought3.pleased4.the5.Although/Though/if6.harder7.which8.for9.what10.them2011广东高考真题One Sunday morning in August I went to a local music festival. I left it early because I had an appointment_1_(late) that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me_2_the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man_3_(sit) at the front. He_4_(pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be_5_(mental) disabled.Behind him were other people to_6_he was trying to talk, but after some minutes_7_walked away and sat near me, looking annoyed.I didnt want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didnt like leaving him_8_his own either. After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had_9_amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home. Im glad I made a choice. It made_10_of us feel good.2011广东高考真题1.later 2. until/till 3. sitting 4. was pretending 5. mentally6. whom 7. they 8. on 9. an 10. both2010广东高考真题A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water. _1_water was sweet. He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to an elder_2_had been his teacher. After a four-day journey, the young man_3_ ( present ) the water to the old man. His teacher took a deep drink, smiled_4_ ( warm ), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. The young man went home_5_a happy heart.After the student left, the teacher let_6_student taste the water. He spit it out, _7_ (say) it was awful. Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher, Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like_8_? The teacher replied, You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be_9_ (sweet). We understand this lesson best_10_we receive gifts of love from children. Whether it is a cheap pipe or a diamond necklace, the proper response is appreciation. We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing.2010广东高考真题1.The 2. who 3. presented 4. warmly 5. with6. another 7. saying 8. it 9. sweeter 10. when2009广东高考真题Jane was walking round the department store. She remembered how difficult _1_was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father. She wished that he was as easy_2_(please)as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume. Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not_3_pleasant experience：people stepped on your feet or_4_(push)you with their elbows(肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain. Jane paused in front of a counter_5_some attractive ties were on display. “They are real silk, ”the assistant tried to attract her. “Worth double the price. ”But Jane knew from past experience that her_6_ (choose)of ties hardly ever pleased her father. Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes_7_sale. She did not hesitate for long：although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please_8_. When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already_9_table having supper. Her mother was excited. “Your father has at last decided to stop smoking, ”Jane_10_ (inform).2009广东高考真题1.it 2. to please 3. a 4. pushed 5. where6. choice 7. on 8. him 9. at 10. was informed2008广东高考真题Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese peoples daily life._1_these proverbs there are often interesting stories. For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop_2_(help) it grow”, is based on the following story. It is said that a shorttempered man in the Song Dynasty (9601279) was very anxious to help_3_rice crop grow up quickly. He was thinking about_4_day and night. But the crop was growing much slower than he expected.One day, he came up with an idea_5_he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day. He was very tired_6_doing this for a whole day,_7_he felt very happy since the crop did “grow”_8_ (high). His son heard about this and went to see the crop. Unfortunately the leaves of the crop began to wither.This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their_9_(nature) course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often_10_(result) in the contrary to our intention.2008广东高考真题1.In/Behind2. to help 3. his 4. it/that 5. that6. after7. but/yet8. higher 9. natural 10. results2007广东高考真题I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting when my car_1_(break) down near a remote and poor village. Cursing my misfortune, I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to_2_should have the honor of receiving me_3_a guest in their house. Finally, I accepted the offer of an old woman who lived alone in a little house. While she was getting me_4_(settle) into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to_5_small town some 20 kilometers away_6_there was a garage.I had noticed three hens running freely in my hostesss courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish on my table._7_villagers brought me goats cheese and honey. We drank together and talked_8_(merry) till far into the night.When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman_9_the trouble I had caused_10_.2007广东高考真题1.broke 2.who 3. as 4. settled 5.a6. where 7. Other/Some 8. merrily 9. for 10. her2007广东高考样题Sports should help a man to learn fairness, not only in games but also in and for life. If two teams play_1_game, one team must lose. If a dozen teams attend an athletic competition,_2_team will get the most points and all the_3_eleven teams will get_4_points. If