14-15版：Period One Introduction,Reading and Vocabulary(步步高).docx

话题导入Building after building under water.Refugees(难民) in shelters.Thousands of others unsure where to go.Bodies in streets.This is what one of Americas historic cities was reduced to this week by a powerful storm，Katrina(卡特里娜)The mayor of New Orleans says thousands may be dead.Hurricane Katrina also caused death and destruction in parts of Mississippi and Alabama along the Gulf of Mexico.New Orleans is famous for its wild Mardi Gras celebrations.New Orleans is also a major port for foreign oil and other shipping trade.Yet the city of nearly five hundred thousand people was built below sea level.New Orleans has depended on levees to control floods from the Mississippi River.Katrina struck on Monday.New Orleans avoided a direct hit but two of the levees failed the next day.Most of the city was flooded.Helicopters dropped huge sandbags to fill the breaks.Butthe water had no place to go.Pumping stations had no power.America faces one of the worst natural events in its history.President Bush says the recovery will take years.People were told to leave the path of the storm.But some would not or could not.Many of those worst affected by Katrina are poor and black.AfricanAmerican leaders and others were angry that government aid did not arrive faster.President Bush visited some of the damaged areas on Friday.He said the way officials reacted to the crisis was unacceptable.根据上文完成下列各题1Whats the main idea of the first paragraph?The_terrible_scene_after_a_powerful_storm.2Why were AfricanAmerican leaders and others angry?Because_in_this_disaster_the_government_aid_didnt_arrive_in_time.Period OneIntroduction & Reading and Vocabulary.单词1disaster n灾难2lightning n闪电light n光lighten vt.(使)发亮3experience vt.经历& n经历；经验experienced adj.有经验的4cause vt.引起；导致5furniture n家具furnish vt.陈设；布置6bury vt.埋葬7occur vi.发生occurrence n发生的事情；存在的事物8tropical adj.热带的tropic n(地球的)回归线；热带9violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强烈的violence n暴力10strike vt.& n(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击.短语1pick_up卷起；掀起；拾起，捡起；接收；无意中学会2take_off去掉；脱下；起飞；取消3on_average平均起来4of_all_time有史以来5be_experienced_at/in做某事有经验6end_up结果为，以结束.课文理解1Which of the following descriptions about tornado is NOT correct?AIt is a kind of rotating column of air.BIt is usually caused by a lightning.CIt can reach a speed up to more than 400 kilometres per hour.DIt can cause much damage to people，including deaths and injuries.答案B2How much damage did the worst tornado cause to the US?AThe tornado had winds of more than 400 kilometres per hour.BThe fur of the back of many cats and the feathers of many chickens had been taken off.CIt caused about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.DMore than 700 people lost their lives and 2,700 had been injured.答案D3What are the similarities between the tornado and the hurricane?AThey both occur together with strong wind.BAmerica is the country often affected by both of them.CThey both can cause a lot of damage to people and the buildings.DAll of the above.答案D4Where was Charles Coghlan born indeed?AIn Ireland.BIn Canada.CIn New York.DIn Galveston.答案A5What are the causes of these natural violence?AThe different atmospheric pressure between two areas.BThe changeable weather in these areas.CThe destruction of the nature by human beings.DNot mentioned in the passage.答案D.课文缩写The most violent tornadoes have winds of over 400 km per hour.1.They can take cars，trains and even houses to other places，also take the fur or features 2.off an animal.Almost all tornadoes happen/occur in the US.On average，therere 800 each year,3.causing (cause) about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.The 4.worst (bad) one was in 1925，causing over 700 deaths and 2,700 injuries.Hurricanes have winds of 120 km per hour or more，5.which cause huge waves，heavy rain and floods.Therere six Atlantic hurricanes each year on average.The worst 6.one was in 1900 in Galveston，Texas，which caused 6,000 deaths and destroyed 3,600 buildings.Charles Coghlan,7.a nineteenthcentury Irish actor，died and was buried in Texas in 1899.The cemetery 8.was_destroyed (destroy) by the hurricane and his coffin ended up in the sea.Eight years 9.later (late)，the coffin was found in the east of Canada,3,000 km away from 10.where Coghlan was buried.1Have you ever experienced a thunderstorm?你经历过雷暴天气吗？归纳拓展experience vt.经历；n.经历；经验be experienced in在方面有经验learn by/through experience从经验中学习working experience工作经验an unforgettable/unusual experience一次难忘的/不平凡的经历注意：experience作“经验”讲时是不可数名词，而作“经历”讲时是可数名词。语境助记(1)Though he has ever had an experience with this kind of thing，he hasnt had enough experience for the job.After all，he is so young.尽管他在这种事上有过一次经历，但他仍没有足够的经验担当这项工作。毕竟，他太年轻了。(2)That was the most terrible earthquake I had ever experienced.那是我所经历的最可怕的一场地震。(3)She is_experienced_in teaching.她在教学方面有经验。题组训练用experience的适当形式填空(1)She has no cooking experience.(2)Please tell us of your experiences while in Africa.(3)Have you ever experienced real hunger?2Do you know anything about the events？For example，what causes them？你知道关于这些灾难的一些事情吗？例如，是什么引起它们的？归纳拓展cause vt.导致，引起；促使，使发生；n.原因，起因；事业；原则cause sb.to do sth.导致某人去做某事cause sb.trouble/problems给某人带来麻烦/问题be in/for a good cause为了正义事业语境助记(1)What caused the plants to die?那些植物死于何种原因？(2)This has caused us much anxiety.这件事让我们极为担心。(3)They are fighting for the republican cause.他们在为共和国的事业而奋斗。cause/reason/excuse (1)cause原因，起因。表示造成某种事实或现象的起因，后接of短语或不定式。(2)reason理由，原因。指一种行为或看法的理由，后接for。(3)excuse辩解，借口。指为某一行为所做的解释，可以是真的，也可以是托词。题组训练用cause，reason或excuse的适当形式填空(1)The cause of the accident was the fact that he drove too fast.(2)There is no excuse for such behavior.(3)I have no particular reason for doubting him.(4)Dont make an excuse for it.3bury vt.埋葬归纳拓展bury oneself inbe buried in专心干，埋头干bury sth.in/at.将某物埋葬在bury ones face in ones hands双手捂脸语境助记(1)Both his grandparents were buried here.他的祖父母都葬在了这里。(2)After the divorce，she buried_herself_in her work.离婚之后，她全心扑在工作上。(3)She buried her face in the roses，drinking in the fragrance (芳香)她把脸埋在玫瑰里，陶醉于花的芳香。题组训练(1)作为学生，你应该专心学习。(一句多译)As a student，you should bury yourself in your studies.As_a_student，you_should_be_buried_in_your_studies.As_a_student，you_should_be_absorbed_in_your_studies.As_a_student，you_should_put_your_heart_and_soul_into_your_studies.(2)Buried(bury) in books，he didnt notice his mother come in.4Almost all of them occur in the US，in the area from Texas in the southeast to South Dakota in the north.几乎所有的龙卷风都发生在美国，从东南部的得克萨斯州到北部的南达科他州。归纳拓展occur vi.(occurred，occurred，occurring)发生sth.occurs/occurred to sb.某人想起(occur tostrike/hit)某人想到语境助记(1)A brilliant idea occurred_to me.我想到一个极好的主意。(2)It_occurred_to_me to visit my teacher.我想到要去看看我的老师。(3)It didnt occur_to_him_that she would refuse his invitation.他没有想到她会拒绝他的邀请。happen/take place/occur (1)happen无被动用法，指事先无计划，偶然地发生。碰巧做某事happen to do sth.。(2)take place无被动用法，指事先安排、计划的事情。(3)occur无被动用法，指发生时，有计划无计划均可。脑海中出现某种想法occur to sb.。题组训练用happen，take place或occur的适当形式填空(1)When will the sports meeting take_place?(2)At that time I happened to have no money.(3)An excellent idea occurred to me when I woke up this morning.5By the late 1890s，he had moved to Galveston，where he died in 1899，a year before the hurricane struck.到19世纪90年代末，他移居到加尔维斯顿，并于1899年在那里去世，也就是飓风来袭的前一年。归纳拓展strike v& n(雷电、暴风雨等)袭击；(疾病)侵袭(1)strike还有以下用法：vt.& n打击，撞击；罢工；vt.突然想起，猛地意识到；给以印象；打动；划(火柴)；敲，鸣(2)strike可表示“使想起”，本课中的occur也有此意，它们在用法上的区别是：strike后直接跟sb.，occur后面跟to sb.。(3)表示“(自然灾害等)袭击”时，可与hit互换。 语境助记(1)Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁。(2)The church clock began to strike twelve.教堂的钟开始敲十二下。(3)Last month，part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods.上个月，东南亚部分地区遭受洪灾。(4)We were struck by her kindness.我们被她的善良所打动。题组训练(1)写出下列句子中strike的汉语意思The miners went to strike for higher pay.罢工Does this clock strike the quarters？钟表敲点A good idea struck me while I was walking along the river.使想起A huge forest fire broke out after the lightning struck.袭击He hit me，so I struck him back.打I am still struck by the native beauty of the lake.打动(2)句型转换A plan struck me immediately.A plan occurred to me immediately.1Tornadoes can pick_up cars，trains and even houses.龙卷风能卷起汽车、火车，甚至房子归纳拓展pick up拾起，拿起；(顺便)买；接(某人)上车除此之外，pick up还有下列意思：加快；学会；整理，收拾；收听到；偶然地、无意地获得；(身体)康复；(生意、气候)好转语境助记(1)He picked_up a stone and aimed it at the dog.他拾起一块石头，向狗掷去。(2)I picked_up the book in a secondhand bookstore.我在一家旧书店里偶获此书。(3)The bus stopped several times to pick_up passengers.客车沿途停了好几次让乘客上车。题组训练写出下列句子中pick up的汉语意思(1)He picked up gradually after a long illness.(身体)康复(2)As John picked up speed and headed out of town he began to take an interest in the surroundings.加快(3)Is there something small，like a pen or something that you can pick up?拾起，捡起(4)I picked up some French while I was in France.偶然学会(5)I like picking up the programme.收听节目(6)Ill pick you up after work.(开车)接某人(7)The room must be picked up before the guests arrive.收拾，整理2They can take the fur off the back of a cat and the feathers off a chicken.它们能拔掉猫背上和鸡身上的毛。归纳拓展take off去掉；脱掉；除去；取下(1)take off在英语中一词多义，还有以下常见意思：(飞机)起飞；从(价格中)减去；休假；突然开始成功，开始走红(2)关于take的其他短语：take away拿走；使离开；消除(病痛等)take down记下来；拆掉take for(错)当做；(误)以为take on呈现；雇用take over接收，接管，取代take up占去，占据；开始；从事take in吸收；理解；欺骗语境助记(1)The new magazine has really taken_off.这份新杂志真是大受欢迎。(2)A helicopter is able to take_off and land straight up and down.直升飞机能够直上直下地起飞和降落。(3)Its too hot.Youd better take_off your coat.天太热了，你最好把外套脱掉。题组训练用take短语的适当形式填空(1)This kind of cloth takes_in water easily.(2)Learning English takes_up a lot of my time.(3)The city took_on a festive air.(4)Tom took_over the farm when his father died.3The cemetery where Coghlan was buried was destroyed by the hurricane and Coghlans coffin ended_up in the sea.埋葬科格伦的公墓被飓风摧毁，他的灵柩也被冲到了大海里。归纳拓展end up bring/put.to an end使终止come to an end完毕，结束make (both) ends meet收支相抵 语境助记(1)You will end_up_in debt if you keep on spending money like that.你要是老那样花钱，总有一天要负债。(2)At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended_up_apologizing.最初他拒不承认有任何责任，到头来还是道了歉。(3)All good things came_to_an_end.天下无不散之筵席。题组训练介词填空(1)The party ended up with a beautiful song.(2)Our game always ends up in a quarrel.(3)After several years of hard work，she ended up as a successful writer.4On average，there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year，causing_about_80_deaths_and_1,500_injuries.平均来说，在美国每年有800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡，1 500人受伤。归纳拓展句中causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries是现在分词短语作状语，表示结果。注意现在分词和不定式作结果状语的区别：现在分词一般表示符合逻辑的、必然出现的结果，而不定式常常表示出乎意料的、偶然出现的结果。语境助记(1)Football is played in over 80 countries，making_it_the_most_popular_sport_in_the_world.在80多个国家里都有足球这项体育活动，使它成为世界上最受欢迎的一项运动。(2)They have been discussing the problem for 2 hours，reaching_no_agreement_at_last.他们对这个问题一直讨论了两个小时，最后也没达成协议。(3)He picked up a stone，only_to_have_it_dropped_on_his_own_feet.他搬起石头砸了自己的脚。题组训练(1)His parents died，leaving_him_an_orphan(使他成了一个孤儿)(2)I hurried to his house，only_to_find_him_out(结果却发现他出去了)(3)Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，reaching(reach) a record US 57.65 a barrel on April 4.The cemetery where Coghlan was buried was destroyed by the hurricane and Coghlans coffin ended up in the sea.句式分析：本句的主干是The_cemetery_was_destroyed_and_Coghlans_coffin_ended_up_in_the_sea，是由and连接的两个并列句。从句where Coghlan was buried是(限制性)定语从句，修饰the cemetery，其中where在从句中作状语，表地点。自主翻译：埋葬科格伦的公墓被飓风摧毁，他的灵柩也被冲到了大海里。.介、副词填空1Tornadoes can pick up cars，trains and even houses and put them down in the next streetor even in the next town.2They can take the fur off the back of a cat and the feathers off a chicken.3On average，there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year，causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries.4The cemetery where Coghlan was buried was destroyed by the hurricane and Coghlans coffin ended up in the sea.5Eight years later，the coffin was found by fishermen in the sea near his home on Prince Edward Island in the east of Canada.同义词语替换1Do you know how it happened？occurred2An earthquake hit the area last night.struck3The train began to gai