英国文学主要流派(英文).doc

On Major Schools of British LiteratureThe British literature has a long history. In this process, literature has infected by some powers from reality, history, politics, and culture. Then British literature has been developed several history stages. These history stages were old English period, Renaissance, British literature in the 17th century, romanticism, realism, and modernism.(1) Old English periodThe earliest form of literature was poetry which spread orally.At this period the most important literature of the British national epic was Beowulf written with head blank.(2) Middle English period（10661500）From the Normans conquered England in 1066 to 1,500 years around London dialect became accepted modern English literature, forms of main was ballad, poetry and knight legend. In a few groups in the legend, the British knights of the subject was king Arthur and his knights adventure stories, including The Green Knight and Heroes of the Marshes which represented the highest achievement in medieval knight legends. A lot of excellent folk emerged, and the most representative was the folk singing for hero Robin Hood. (3) The Age of Chaucer(1300-1400) The most important poet known as the father of English poetry was the Chaucer. The Canterbury tales which achieved high artistic accomplishment was his representative works. He created the double blank poetry. Five steps to raise grid was adopted by many British poet. Chaucer written with London dialect laid the foundation of the literary creation, and promoted the development of the English language and literature. (4) The Period of Renaissance During the Renaissance British literature developed in poetry, prose, sonnets, and black verse. One poet must introduce to us, he is Philip Sidney. He wrote many beautiful sonnets, and created one of the earliest poetry A Defence of Poetry. Edmund Spenser created the famous long poetry Fairy Queen with Spencer method. 4.1The age of Shakespeare Drama represented the highest achievement of English literature during the Renaissance. Main dramatists were Christopher Marlowe and W. Shakespeare. Shakespeare is not only a drama writer but also a great poet, besides two poems, two epic and 154 sonnets(5) British literature in the 17th centuryThe Elizabeth dead in the 1603, the conflict between the civil war broke out in 1642, and resulted in the glorious revolution in 1688. . So this period of literature and art showed the development and growth of revolutionary ideas, and had a strong Puritan tendency. Two representatives were Milton and Bunyan. Miltons masterpiece Paradise Lost and Bunyans masterpiece The Pilgrims Progress were both based on The Bible. The Pilgrims Progress was an allegory works, which used Christian to the heaven to present mankind pursuing the bright future. (6)British literature in the 8th centuryThe 18th century produced a kind of progress trend- the Enlightenment. Therefore the 18th century was called the rational era. In the field of literature embodied in the eighteenth century was neoclassicism. Representative writers were A.Pope, R.Steele, and J.Addison.(7)The Romantic Period (1798-1832)Romantic heyday began with William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge jointly issued Lyrical ballads to the death of George Eliot. The main literary achievements were poetry. Wordsworth, Coleridge, and Southe