高考英语一轮复习 Unit 11 The Media单元检测B阅读理解提速练 北师大版必修4.doc

unit 11 单元检测b阅读理解提速练.阅读理解awhen i was in the fifth grade and mr. gardner asked a question, my hand would shoot up with great enthusiasm. after giving me a few chances, he would try to give other students a chance. my hand, though, would remain in the air, and after some time, id start waving it around. then, there was the time when i entered drumming classes. but all we were allowed to do in the first class was practise one beat over and over again. i never went back.i would have done terribly in the stanford marshmallow (果浆软糖) experiment. in this classic study, researchers gave children a choice between one marshmallow right away and two later. the results showed that those who could wait 15 minutes ended up scoring 210 points higher on the sat, an examination that american high school students take before they go to college.so clearly, delaying gratification or bearing up under pain has its benefits. it needs patience. patience keeps us from being stuck to ideas formed previously, and helps us let go of our strong interest in outcomes. we come to accept that we dont always or immediately know what is best, and learn to recognize that our reality is in constant changes. patience improves our understanding of deeper truths and helps us expand our views.the journey of patience is rooted in knowing that our present reality will finally give way to changes. but changes wont always happen when we think they should, and patience with ourselves comes from accepting that there are things we can control and things we cant. and though we must make great efforts to keep pushing the boundaries of our awareness and to improve our ability to rest comfortably in the present moment, how fast we develop isnt up to us.that same fifth grader who couldnt wait to speak out answers now sees the importance of meeting questions with a heart of patience.1why did the author wave his hand in class?ato entertain himself.bto show his impatience.cto give other students a chance.dto let others know he was clever.解析：选b细节理解题。根据第一段可知，作者不停地挥舞手臂是因为举了一段时间手后，老师还不让他回答问题，他这样做是因为不耐烦了。2whats the purpose of the stanford marshmallow experiment?ato test childrens concentration levels.bto test how children like marshmallows.cto test patience and its potential advantages.dto test the bond between patience and desire.解析：选c推理判断题。根据第二段中的“the results showed that those who could wait 15 minutes ended up scoring 210 points higher on the sat, an examination that american high school students take before they go to college”可知，这个果浆软糖实验的目的是为了测试耐心在孩子们的后期智力发展中可能存在的优势。3which of the following can replace the underlined word “gratification” in paragraph 3?aprogress.bpatience.cjudgement. dsatisfaction.解析：选d词义猜测题。根据该词前的delaying可知，该词的意思与第二段中的“in this classic study, researchers gave children a choice between one marshmallow right away and two later”有关，根据该句可知，延迟的是满足感，故gratification的意思与satisfaction相近。4what is the main reason for people to have patience according to the text?apresent reality.bconstant changes.ca lack of selfcontrol.da strong interest in outcomes.解析：选b细节理解题。根据第三段中的“learn to recognize that our reality is in constant changes”和倒数第二段中的“the journey of patience is rooted in knowing that our present reality will finally give way to changes”可知，不断变化是我们需要有耐心的原因。bif your parents were to surprise you with a present on your birthday, which one would you prefer, a trip to the amusement park or a new pair of shoes?according to science daily, about onethird of the people are likely to prefer shoes to a fun trip. these people are called“materialists”， namely, those who value material goods more than experiences. but which of the two choices makes people happier?back in 2009, ryan howell, a professor at san francisco state university, found that in the long run, experiences make people happier than possessions. this is because the joy of receiving a new object fades over time as you get used to seeing it every day. experiences, on the other hand, can continue to bring you joy in the future through happy memories.but materialists should at least be happy when they first buy something, shouldnt they?to figure it out, howell did another study. he classified a group of adults according to their personality types, ranging from less materialistic to more materialistic. each person was asked different questions to see how they felt about spending money on material goods versus spending money on experiences.as expected, the more materialistic participants got less happiness from purchases than the less materialistic, because such purchases didnt fit with their personalities and values. but to howells surprise, he found that materialists werent any happier even if they spent money on material items.this is because materialists worry that others may criticize or look down on their choices. “there are certain value systems that are rejected by society，” said howell. “when we find out someone is materialistic, we think less of them, and that drives their happiness down.”another reason is that materialistic people always focus on what they dont have instead of what they have now. this makes them feel less satisfied and grateful.if you happen to be a materialistic person, theres something you can try. “if materialists make more accurate purchases, rather than trying to impress others, they will be happier，” howell said.you should also remember what an ancient greek philosopher once said, “do not spoil what you have by desiring what you have not; remember what you now have was once among the things you only hoped for.”语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文，作者通过引用ryan howell的研究结果证实经历比有形物质更能给人带来快乐。5what did ryan howell find in his studies?amaterial goods bring people less happiness than experiences.babout onethird of the people prefer material goods to experiences.cmaterialists have more fun spending money on goods than on experiences.dreceiving a new object brings lasting joy while the joy of an experience fades soon.解析：选a细节理解题。根据第三段中的“.found that in the long run, experiences make people happier than possessions”可知，经历比物品更能使人感到高兴。根据第六段中的“the more materialistic participants got less happiness from purchases than the less materialistic”可知，比较倾向物质主义的参与者比不太倾向物质主义的参与者从购物中得到的快乐更少。由此可见，ryan howell在他的研究中发现：有形物质比经历给人带来的快乐更少。因此，该题选a。6what did ryan howell want to find out by doing another study?ahow to judge whether a person is a materialist.bwhy materialists are not happy with their purchases.chow materialists feel when they spend money on goods.dwhether materialists are happy when they first make purchases.解析：选d细节理解题。根据第四段及第五段第一句“to figure it out, howell did another study”可知该题选d。7why does the author use the ancient greek philosophers words in the last paragraph?ato advise materialistic people not to try to impress others.bto persuade people to be satisfied with what they have.cto prove its unwise to be materialistic and desire too much.dto tell readers what they desire now might one day become theirs.解析：选b推理判断题。根据最后一段中那位哲学家的话“不要因期望你没有的东西而毁掉了你现在拥有的东西。记住：你现在拥有的东西就在你曾经渴望得到的东西之中”，再结合上文ryan howell研究得出的结论可知，作者引用这位哲学家的话旨在说服人们要对目前拥有的事物感到知足。因此，该题选b。8what can be the best title for the passage?aare you a materialist?bhow to acquire happiness?cthe best present for the birthdaydwhich can make people happier?解析：选d标题归纳题。通读全文可知，作者通过引用ryan howell的研究结果证实经历比有形物质更能给人带来快乐，故d项作文章标题最佳。.阅读七选五ideas to make your school a green campusuniversities are doing everything they can to become a green campus. but there are also items students can do to make your campus more ecofriendly.recycle everything, especially paper!there is a large amount of paper a college student goes through per semester. _1_ we know that these things cant be avoided, but the way you handle the use of all the paper can really help create a better green campus.walk and bike to school.most campuses, especially those that are trying to become a more ecofriendly campus, have pretty good public transit. _2_walking or biking will help make your campus a green university.buy green._3_ paper, cleaning products and water are products that can be purchased as a recycled goods. theyre slightly more expensive than the normal products, but its worth it to make a green campus._4_a water bottle can be refilled at any water fountain and can easily be drank in class or while riding a bike. this will save the environment by decreasing the amount of plastic waste on your campus.buy us