（江苏专用）高考英语二轮语法专题复习 虚拟语气.doc

虚拟语气if条件句中的虚拟语气1【2013北京卷】if we_a table earlier，we wouldnt be standing here in a queue.ahave booked bbooked cbook dhad booked【解析】句意为：如果我们早些订位子，现在也就不用站在这里排队了。本题考查虚拟语气。分析语境可知if引导的从句是与过去事实相反的假设，因此选择d项。【答案】d2【2013天津卷】if he had spent more time practising speaking english before，he_able to speak it much better now.awill be bwould be chas been dwould have been【解析】句意为：如果他以前花更多的时间练习说英语，他现在就能说得更好些。本题考查虚拟语气。本句为错综时间条件句，即if从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。与现在事实相反的主句谓语部分为“would/should/could/might动词原形”。【答案】b3【2013江苏卷】i should not have laughed if i_you were serious.athought bwould think chad thoughtdhave thought【解析】句意为：如果我【当时】认为你是认真的，我就不会笑了。本题考查虚拟语气。根据should not have laughed可以判定是对过去的虚拟，条件从句中对过去的虚拟要用had done形式，故选c项。【答案】c含蓄条件句的虚拟语气4【2013安徽卷】i_to my cousins birthday party last night，but i was not available.awent bhad gone cwould godwould have gone【解析】句意为：我昨天晚上本来想要去我表兄的生日聚会，但是没有空。本题考查虚拟语气。句中的时间状语last night明确表示应该是对过去事实的虚拟，对过去事实虚拟的形式可以是would have done结构。故选d项。【答案】d5【2012福建卷】we lost our way in that small village，otherwise we_more places of interest yesterday.avisited bhad visited cwould visitdwould have visited【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意为：昨天我们在那个小村里迷路了，否则，我们会参观更多的名胜。从本句中的otherwise“否则”可以看出，这是一个隐含条件的虚拟句，与过去事实相反，应用would/could/shouldhave过去分词的结构，故选d。【答案】d名词性从句中的虚拟语气6【2013浙江卷】eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam_at the age of six months old.awas bbe cwere dis【解析】句意为：眼科医生建议孩子的第一次眼睛检查应该在六个月的时候（进行）。本题考查虚拟语气。动词recommend（建议）后加宾语从句，宾语从句的谓语形式为：should动词原形，should可以省略。【答案】b7【2013陕西卷】my mom suggests that we_eat out for a change this weekend.ashould bmight ccould dwould【解析】句意为：我妈妈建议我们应该换换口味，这个周末出去吃饭。本题考查虚拟语气。题干中的suggests是解题的标志词，它后面的宾语从句需用虚拟语气，动词使用（should）do的形式，故选a项。【答案】a其他句型中的虚拟语气8【2012北京卷】dont handle the vase as if it_made of steel.ais bwere chas beendhad been【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意为：拿花瓶时不要当它是钢做的一样。as if表示“似乎、好像”，引导的从句通常用虚拟语气，再结合主句的时态可知是对现在事实的虚拟，所以用一般过去时 were。【答案】b9【2012辽宁卷】jack is a great talker.its high time that he_something instead of just talking.awill dobhas done cdoddid【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意为：jack 总爱夸夸其谈，他该做点事了，而不是仅仅空谈。这里是“its【high/about】time that.”句型，从句谓语应用一般过去时或“should动词原形”。【答案】d10. 【2010江苏高考】george is going to talk about the geography of his country，but id rather he _more on its culture.afocus bfocused cwould focus dhad focused【解析】考查虚拟语气。would rather后的从句中谓语动词用过去式表示对现在或将来事实的虚拟。【答案】b1虚拟条件句中省略if是高考题常见的干扰方式。2根据主句谓语动词的构成来判断虚拟条件句的谓语动词的形式是高考的易错点。3要注意含蓄条件句的一些标志词，如：but for，without，given等。4平时应关注wish后的宾语从句及as if从句中的虚拟语气。虚拟语气的用法类别用法例句if引导的条件从句与现在事实相反从句谓语动词：过去式【be用were】 主句谓语动词：should/would/could/might动词原形【2012湖南高考】sorry，i am too busy now.if i had time，i would certainly go for an outing with you.与过去事实相反从句谓语动词：had过去分词主句谓语动词：should/would/could/mighthave过去分词【2012山东卷】 if we hadnt made adequate preparations，the conference wouldnt have been so successful.与将来事实相反从句谓语动词：过去式/were不定式/should动词原形主句谓语动词：should/would/could/might动词原形【2012安徽高考】grace doesnt want to move to new york because she thinks if she were to live there，she wouldnt be able to see her parents very often.if引导的条件从句的倒装如果在表示虚拟语气的条件句中含有were，had或should，可将if省略，然后将were，had或should移至主语之前had we made a great effort we might have succeeded.【if we had made a great effort.】混合条件句的虚拟语气有时条件句的动作与主句动作发生的时间不一致，这时动词的形式应根据它们表示的时间加以调整if it had rained last night，it would be very cool today.含蓄条件句的虚拟语气【1】用连词otherwise，or，but等暗示前面表示虚拟【2】用but for，without，given等介词【短语】表示条件the ship would have sunk with all on board but for the efforts of the captain.given more time，we could have done it better.宾语从句demand，suggest，order，insist后接的从句中动词为“【should】动词原形”our teacher insisted that the key words worth paying attention to be underlined before class.wish后的从句中的谓语可用一般过去时、过去完成时和should/would动词原形，它们分别表示与现在、过去和将来情况相反【2011北京高考】 where are the children？the dinners going to be completely ruined. i wish they werent always late.主语从句在“it is necessary/important/strange/suggested/demanded/ordered/requestedthat从句”中，从句中的谓语动词用should动词原形it is strange that such a person should be our friend.it is 【high】 time 【that】.句型中谓语动词用一般过去时或should动词原形its high time that we devoted ourselves to environmental protection and ecological improvement.其他句型would rather所接的从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时【对现在虚拟】或者过去完成时【对过去虚拟】i would rather you stayed at home now.if only后面的谓语动词常用一般过去时【对现在虚拟】、过去完成时【对过去虚拟】与过去将来时【对将来虚拟】，表示强烈的愿望if only our dream had come true！as if引导的状语从句中动词可以用过去时或过去完成时表示虚拟they are talking as if they had been friends for years.1【2014陕西宝鸡质量检测二】look at this poor rabbit.it is dying.i wish i_the right drugs with me at this very moment，but i dont.ahad bhad hadccould have dcould have had【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意为：看这只可怜的兔子，它都要死了。我要是此刻有合适的药就好了，但我没有。根据语境可知，回答人此刻并没有合适的药，wish后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，根据语境可知，此处表示对现在的虚拟，故谓语形式应为动词的过去式，故a项正确。【答案】a2【2014陕西五校第二次联考】i cant thank my parents_much because without their help i_have achieved my dream.avery；couldnt bso；shouldnt ctoo；wouldnt dthat；neednt【解析】考查固定用法和虚拟语气。句意为：我怎么感谢我的父母都不过分，因为没有他们的帮助，我不会实现我的梦想。第一空，cant.too.表示“无论怎样都不过分，越越好”；第二空，由“without their help”可以判断出这里表示对过去情况的虚拟，用“wouldnt/couldnt/mightnthave done”。【答案】c3【2014福州市高中毕业班质量检测】he didnt pass the entrance examination.what a pity！if he_more efforts to study，things would be different now.amade bwould make chad made dwere to make【解析】考查混合虚拟语气。句意为：他没有通过入学考试。太遗憾了！如果过去他能更努力学习的话，现在的情况就会不一样了。根据语境可知，从句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，主句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。故从句应用过去完成时。【答案】c4【2014济南市名校第四次诊断性测试】the internet plays an important role in our life.without the internet，life_quite different nowadays.awould be bwill be cis dwas【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意为：因特网在我们的生活中发挥了重要的作用。如果没有因特网的话，今天的生活就是另一番景象了。without the internet相当于一个非真实条件状语从句，表示与现在事实相反的假设，故答案为a。【答案】a5【2014江西师大附中、鹰潭一中高三联考】they advocate the proposal we were opposed_rediscussed at the next meeting.ato be bshould be cto was dwas【解析】考查固定短语和虚拟语气。句意为：他们主张我们反对的那个提议应该在下次会议上重新讨论。be opposed to sth.为固定短语，由此可知此处首先需要补充完整，故排除b、d两项；再分析句子成分可知，advocate后的从句为宾语从句，需要用虚拟语气，即“【should】动词原形”，故a项正确。【答案】a6【2014潍坊五校联考】last year the chinese internet users were required that they_with their real names when getting online.awould register