book3 unit3.doc

大学英语三级 课程教案课次Book3 Unit 3授课方式讲授、讨论课时安排4课时授课题目（教学章、节或主题）：Section A Where Principles Come First教学目的、要求：1、概述单元主题，组织主题讨论：中西方教育方式在哪些方面不同；2、了解大学英语教学大纲中规定的单词和词组以及词语搭配和从句的用法；3、了解写作技巧；4、了解有关和本单元有关的背景知识；5、学生听说能力训练。 教学重点及难点：1、The comparison between the conventional education and the education in the Hyde School may encourage the students to find their own merits and initiative spirit to study efficiently.2、Students limited background knowledge about the Hyde School and the relevant information.3、Important words, phrases and patterns 4、Training and practice of listening and speaking 教学基本内容方法及手段All roads lead to Rome. This expression means that there are many different ways to achieve the same goal. The three passages in this unit look at different approaches to education and business in Japan and the West. The first passage examines one schools new approach to education in the USA. The second passage compares Western and Japanese approaches to decision-making in business. The third passage looks at the pressure on Japanese children to succeed at an early age. Read the three essays and learn about how different countries and organizations approach the same problems in different ways.We just learn Passage A in class. As for passage B and Passage C, ask the students to learn them after class.讲授、讨论、自学、自由提问与复习、任务型教学、计算机辅助教学。作业、讨论题、思考题：Ask the Ss to compare the different educational system between China and AmericaAsk the students can choose either of the two to write a passage as their homework:1. Write a short composition, which starts with a general viewpoint that is supported by some specific examples.The Hyde School Principles are successful2. Ask the Ss to write a passage about the topic “A Letter to the College President”A Letter to the College President1. 就校园生活的可喜变化给校长写封信。2. 分析该变化表现在哪些方面。3. 提出进一步改进的建议。课后小结：1. Summary of Passage A2. Reading skills: Predicting an authors ideas3. Check of the reading of Passage B and Passage CUnit3 Section A Where Principles Come FirstTeaching Procedures:Step One: Pre-reading activities:1. Discussion: Ask the Ss to have a discussion about the following topics:1) Are you familiar with the Hengshui Middle School in Hebei province? What is it special for? 2) What is your ideal college like? Path of thinking: What kind of college do you like best? 3) What do you think of your present campus life? Path of thinking: Are you content with your current campus life? Is there any room for further improvement in your college life?2. Some background knowledge about the text:The Hyde School: In 1966, Joseph W. Gauld founded the first Hyde School in Bath, Maine in response to a system of education which he believed was failing its children because of conflicting priorities. His search for a new approach in education led to a program that valued attitude over aptitude, effort over ability, and character over talent. This emphasis creates a learning environment where students experience success with integrity, the kind of success that lasts a lifetime.Bath: Bath is an old seafaring town. Its recorded maritime history began only 12 miles down the Kennebec when 400 years ago the first ship built by settlers in the New World was launched. Shipyards once lined the rivers edge and Bath-built vessels sailed the seas of the world. Bath is now the home of the world-class shipbuilder Bath Iron Works. Baltimore: Baltimore is a city of northern Maryland on an arm of Chesapeake Bay northeast of Washington, DC. It has been a busy port since the 18th century. A city on the move with new attractions, Baltimore is an exciting city with charming neighborhoods, ethnic and cultural diversity, and a wealth of history.New Haven: Less than four centuries ago the area which is now New Haven was the home of a small tribe of Native Americans, the Quinnipiack, who built their villages around the harbor. By the time the Revolutionary War began, New Haven had evolved from a colonial village into a growing town of about 3,500 that would contribute men, financial support and arms to the revolutionary cause.New Havens economy flourished during the Civil War era. Step Two: Reading1. Ask the Ss to read the text quickly then ask them to answer some questions. (This time, give them some easy questions)2. Let the Ss read the text again, this time carefully, then answer the questions on page69 in the text book(10 questions).Step Three: Text Structure AnalysisPart I (Paras. 1-2) This part is mainly about the principles of the Hyde School.To feed the readers curiosity about “Where Principles Come First”, the author starts his article with an introduction to the principles on which the Hyde School operates.Devices for developing it ? Quotation (引言法)Part II (Paras. 3-11) Since the Hyde principles are somewhat different from those of other schools, they are rejected by some schools, as described in Para. 3, and appreciated by others, as described in Paras. 4 11.Devices for developing it ? Exemplification（举例法）Part III(Paras. 12 - 16)This part deals with detailed principles and approaches in the Hyde School program: valuing each students character-based unique potential, and requiring both students responsibility for each other and parents commitment to the program.Devices for developing it ? Deduction (演绎法）Part IV (Paras.17-20)This part is about how beneficial or good the program is to both the teachers and the students.Devices for developing it ? Exemplification (举例法 ); Comparison & Contrast (对比法 ) Main idea of the text ?The text is about the Hyde Schools successful search for a new approach in education, which is centered upon teaching students the merit of such values as truth, integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern. Devices for developing the whole passage:Question and Answer Technique (问答法 ) The relationship between the parts of the passage is best brought out by questions and answers. While reading the passage, the reader would naturally ask himself some questions as a way of predicting what is to follow. If what follows is just the answer to the question in the readers mind, then comprehension continues. If what follows is not the answer to the question, the reader would alter his prediction and put in the right question to match what follows. Quotation (引言法) To explain some ideas, report some events and prove some conclusions in a convincing way, the author successfully employs the technique of quotation through direct speech, as in Paras. 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 17, and 20, and indirect speech, as in Paras. 12, 14, and 16, or the mixture of both, as in Para. 12. Step Four: The explanation of key words , expressions and typical patterns in the Text1. publicity: n. notice or attention from the public or news media seek/avoid publicity 追求/避免公众注意 When the news media and the public show a lot of interest in something, you can say that it is receiving publicity. 2.see as: consider sb. or sth. to be Do you see the new leader as the hope of the company? Most people see his action as possibly dangerous. Why are deaf children so often seen as stupid? 3. by cultivating a comprehensive set of principles that can affect all kids. cultivate: vt. 1）develop; improve Cultivating a positive attitude towards yourself can reap tremendous benefits. He has written eight books and has cultivated the image of a popular writer. 2）prepare land and grow crops on it She also cultivated a small garden of her own.Olives have been cultivated for centuries in some countries in the Middle East. comprehensive: a. including everything or nearly everything that is connected with a particular subject a comprehensive test 综合测试 a guide book giving comprehensive information on the area The store offers a comprehensive range of kitchen equipment. Compare: comprehensible: easy to understand The book is written in clear, comprehensible language. 4is trying to spread his controversial Character First idea to public, spread to: (cause to) reach sb. or sth. else, as by touching or other means of passing Firemen succeeded in preventing the fire from spreading to other office buildings. We have been asked to spread the news to all our friends. controversial: a. causing public discussion and disagreement a controversial TV program 有争议的电视节目 a controversial new law 有争议的新法律 5. Within months the program was suspended. suspend: vt.; 1) stop or delay sth. for a time Some rail services were suspended during the strike. The young man was given a suspended sentence. 2) hang sth. up A lamp was suspended from the ceiling. 3) send sb. away from his/her school, job, position, etc. for a period of time, usu. as a punishment for doing sth. bad He was suspended from school. She was suspended from her job shortly after the incident. 6. is scheduled to begin a preliminary public school program in Baltimore.be scheduled to do: be arranged to do The train was scheduled to arrive at 10:30. The plane is scheduled to take off at 5 pm. preliminary: a. coming before or preparing for sth. else that is more important a preliminary meeting 预备会议 After a few preliminary remarks the discussions began. Preliminary talks on the future of the airport began yesterday. 7. over parents protests. over ones protest: in spite of ones protest A nuclear plant was built in the area over the farmers protests. The nurse gave the boy an injection over his protest. 8. As in Maine the quest for truth is also widespread at the school in Connecticut. “as” is used to compare situations (or sometimes actions) by saying that they are similar.In Greece, as in Italy, they use a lot of olive oil in cooking. quest: n. a long search for sth. my quest for a better life his quest to find true love Tom spent his life on a spiritual quest. 9. I put my best effort forth here. put forth: use, show, or bring sth. such as strength into action Putting forth a great effort, he uprooted the tree. 10. the conventional education system cannot be reformed. conventional: a. following what is traditional or considered to be normal, sometimes too closely conventional attitudes The house was built with conventional materials but in a totally new style. I quite like him but hes so conventional. reform: v. 1) change sth. in order to make it better reform the examination system 改革考试制度 You have to reform the management of the company. 2) (cause to) behave better or fit into society better Hes done wrong in the past but he has made serious efforts to reform. Our prisons aim to reform criminals, not simply to punish them. n. changes in sth. in order to make it better a major reform to the system political reform in Eastern Europe a reform policy 11. To avoid the controversy of other character programs controversy: n. public discussion and disagreement about sth. a political controversy over human rights abuses The plans for changing the city centre caused a great deal of controversy. 12. complete with English, history, math and science. complete with: including; having as an additional part ; having equipment or features There is a good hotel not far from the city, complete with swimming pool and garden leading directly to the beach. Our firemen came, of course, complete with rescue equipment, first aid kit, etc. 13. commitment: the hard work and loyalty that someone gives to; devotion14. admission: n. 1) permission to enter a school, a club, a public place, etc. All those who were not wearing a tie were refused admission to the club. Admissions to British universities have increased by 15% this year. 2) the amount of money that one pays to enter a place The museum charges $5 admission. 博物馆的门票是5美元。 3) a statement that sth., usually unpleasant, is true; I viewed her silence as an admission of guilt. 我认为她的沉默就是承认有罪。 15. do / try ones utmost: do / try ones best; do as much as one canI did my utmost to help. 我已尽力帮忙。 He will try his utmost to help them by means of his conventional medical knowledge. 16. at the outset of the program when Hyde officials interviewed 300 families. outset: n. beginning There have been difficulties with this firm right from the outset. You should decide at the outset what kind of learning program you want to follow. 17. Faculty evaluations are conducted by the students. faculty: n. 1) (usually with the article “the”) teaching staff of a school, or a university or a college department (used with either a singular or a plural verb) The faculty has/have been invited to the meeting. 2) one department in a university, college, etc. the Faculty of Law 法律系 the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences 社会政治科学系 3) one of the natural abilities of a persons body or mind the faculty of hearing 听力 the faculty of sight 视力 18. , I insulted and cursed everybody. insult: vt. speak or act rudely to sb. I felt very insulted when I didnt even get an answer to my letter. n. a rude remark or action The drivers were standing in the road yelling insults at each other. curse: v. 1) swear at sb. or sth.; use rude language to express ones anger He dropped the box, cursed, and began to pick up the contents. They cursed the traffic, realizing they would be late. 2) use a word or words to express an evil wish She cursed his family. n. 1) a word used for expressing anger; a swear word He uttered a curse. 2) a word or words expressing the wish that sth. terrible will happen to sb. The witch put a curse on him. The family seemed to be under a curse. 19. We kind of like that spirit. kind of: (infml.) rather; a little bit Im kind of worried about the interview. Im kind of tired from reading. Compare: of a kind:1) very much the sameThe friends were two of a kind-very similar in so many ways.2) of poor qualityThe village has a bus service of a kind-two buses a week. a kind of : (inflm). Used for describing sth. In a way that is not very clear.I had a kind of feeling that sth. Would go wrong.There is a funny kind of smell in here.Typical patterns in the passage:1. Typical patterns for explaining ones ideas原句: The Hyde School operates on the principle that if you teach students the merit of such values as truth, courage, integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern, then academic achievement naturally follows. (L. 1)句型提炼: 1) Sb. does sth. on the principle that 某人做某事的原则是应用：a.他处理错综复杂情况的宗旨是：纲举则目张。He deals with complicated matters on the principle that if you seize hold of the key link, then everything falls into place.应用：b.她的处世原则是：与人方便，自己方便。She conducts herself in society on the principle that, if you make things easy for others, things would be easy for you.原句: Explaining his approach to education, Joe Gauld notes “no amount of change” with the horse and carriage “will produce an automobile”. (L. 34)句型提炼:2) Explaining sth., sb. notes / emphasizes / points out (that) 在解释某事时，某人着重指出强调说指出应用：a.在解释如何实现远大目标时，他强调说“无论怎样努力，小聪明是办不成大事的”。Explaining how to reach ones grand objective, he notes “no amount of effort through petty tricks will achieve great things”.应用：b.在解释“条条道路通罗马”的内涵时,他强调指出,东方不亮西方亮,关键是永不放弃。Explaining the meaning of “All roads lead to Rome”, he emphasizes that, when it is dark in the east, it is bright in the west, but the key point is never to give up trying. 原句: To avoid the controversy of other character programs used in US schools, Gauld says the concept of doing your best has nothing to do with forcing the students to accept a particular set of morals or religious values. (L. 39)句型提炼:3) To do sth., sb. says / explains the concept of has nothing / everything / little/ much to do with 为了做某事，某人解释说，概念并不是是要应用：a.为了避免在大众中产生误解，他解释说，“洁身自好” 这一概念并不是要禁止人们参与社会活动。To avoid the misunderstanding among the public, he explains that the concept of “preserving your purity” has nothing to do with stopping people from taking part in social activities.应用：b.为了扭转这种不良趋势，他指出，“自我保护” 意识并不是要人们对那些处于险境的人漠不关心。To reverse the undesirable trend, he points out that the concept of “self-protection” has nothing to do with asking people to be indifferent to those in danger.原句:Joe and Malcolm Gauld both say children tend to do their utmost when they see their parents making similar efforts. (L. 52)句型提炼:4) Sb. says / notes / stresses that one tends to do sth. when 某人解释说着重说强调说，当时，他她会做某事。应用：a.他解释说，当乐观主义者陷于困境时，他会竭尽全力找出路。He says the optimist tends to do his utmost to find ways out when he is caught in straits.应用：b.他还强调说，当悲观主义者陷于困境时，他倾向于自责或任凭命运的摆布。He also stresses the pessimist tends to blame himself or feel like fates plaything when he is caught in a dilemma. 2. Typical patterns for discrimination between right and wrong原句:We dont see ourselves as a school for a type of kid We see ourselves as preparing kids for a way of life by cultivating a comprehensive set of principles. (L. 6)句型提炼:1) Sb. doesnt see sth. as Sb. sees sth. as 某人不把某事看作 某人把某事看作应用：a.我们大学生不应把自己看成时代的宠儿，应把通过刻苦学习和工作为中国创造光明未来视为己任。We college students should not see ourselves as darlings of the times. We should see it as our responsibility to create a brighter future for Chinaby studying and working hard.应用：b.我们不应把大学生活看作一段享受自由和浪漫的经历，而应把它视为全面发展的黄金机遇。We should not see our college life as an experience of enjoying freedom and romance but see it as a golden opportunity for all-round development.原句: The Hyde School assumes “every human being has a unique potential” that is based on character, not intelligence or wealth.