人教版高中英语必修二unit5语法教案.doc

Study Case for Grammar in Unit 5 SB2Step 1. Can you find five sentences in the reading passage that contain prep.+ whom/which attribution clauses? Underline them.Step 2. Sort out the following messages that are mixed up to make complete sentences containing attributive clauses. Pay attention to the use of prepositions.with which Dave composed our first hitwhen our band was formedin whom we have great interestby which we were to become famouswith whom we practiced the mostat which we played our first hits1.I remember the day was chosen by Mikes mum.2.The guitar is in a music museum.3.The name as if it was yesterday.4.The show was in American.5.The singer is Freddy.6.The musicians toured Europe with us.Step 3. Read the passage and complete it using attributive clauses, some of which may use prep.+ whom/which.There have been many popular bands in the world ,_ the most famous was the Beatles .The four young men _made up the band only performed and recorded from 1963 to 1970. During those years they gave many concerts, _ they played all their latest hits. They made many records, _ they will always be remembered. Their songs were a mixture of rock and roll and ballads, _ they often wrote about their own lives and problems. Although they were not trained actors they took part in films _ they often played themselves. Their performances were humorous and interesting. Their fans, _ the Beatles would not have been so famous, at last caused problems for them. They followed them every where. Finally they stopped their concerts in order to live quieter lives, although their songs remain as popular as ever.Step 4. Practice Play a game of definitions. Get into pairs. One asks the first question and the other answers it using an attributive clause containing prep.+ whom/which. If the answer is correct , swap roles. If not, continue with the next question. Pick out some questions below to play the game. Work out some questions of your own if you like.EXAMPLE:S1: Whats a letter box?S2: Its a box with a hole through which the postman puts the letters.1.Whats a gym?(in which) 2. Whats a vacation?(during which)3. Whats a library?(from/in which) 4.Whats a university?(at which)5. Whats a doctor?(to whom) 6. Whats a studio?(at which)7. Whos Father Christmas?(from whom) 8. Whats a good friend?(with whom)Tips:1.building, exercise 2. period of time, relax and enjoy themselves 3. building, borrow books4. place of higher learning , students study a particular subject to a high level5. a person, be sick 6. a place if you are a band, your can record your songs.7.a person, receive presents 8. a person, share all your troubles.Step 5. Instruction “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句的基本用法例句：1. Have you ever dreamed of playing in front of thousands of people at a concert, at which everyone is clapping and appreciating your music?2. They may start as a group of high-school students, for whom practicing their music in someones house is the first step to fame.3. Later they may give performances in pubs or clubs, for which they are paid in cash.4. The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music, most of which was based loosely on the Beatles. 5. However, after a year or so in which they became more serious about their work, the Monkees started to play and sing their own songs like a real band.6.They produced a new record in 1996, with which they celebrated their former time as a real band.一、基本用法 当关系代词在定语从句中充当介词的宾语时，我们用介词关系代词(whom或which)引导定语从句。如果指人，用介词whom；如果指物，用介词which。介词前置时，关系代词不能用that或who，即介词不与that或who连用。若介词后置则可以用that/who，还可省略。There comes Tom,_ whom I have been waiting for an hour.汤姆来了，我等他等了一个小时了。He handed me a pen, _which I wrote down his phone number.他递给我一支钢笔，我就用它写下了他的电话号码。Do you know the boy that/who/whom she was talking to?你知道与她交谈的那个男孩是谁吗？二、“介词关系代词”的种类1介词which/whomIs this the car for which you paid a high price?这是你花大价钱买的车吗？He broke his glasses, without which he cant see anything.他打破了眼镜，没有眼镜他什么也看不见。The policeman with whom Mr. Smith is talking in the office is my friend.正在办公室与史密斯先生谈话的那个警察是我的朋友。(2009陕西高考)Gun control is a subject_ Americans have argued for a long time.Aof which Bwith which Cabout which Dinto which2代词/数词介词which/whomMary has two brothers, both of whom are doctors.玛丽有两个哥哥，他们都是医生。The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% of which are sold abroad.这家工厂每年生产50万双鞋子，其中80%销往国外。(2011浙江高考)English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of _ uses it somewhat differently.Awhich Bwhat Cthem Dthose3the形容词/名词介词which/whomChina has hundreds of islands, the largest of which is Taiwan.中国有成百上千的岛屿，最大的是台湾岛。I will talk to those students the homework of whom hasnt been done.我要和没完成作业的同学谈话。The book, the cover of which/whose cover is red, is written by Mr. Jones.这本书是琼斯先生写的，它的封面是红色的。 (2010江苏高考)The newlybuilt caf，the walls of _ are painted light green，is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.Athat Bit Cwhat Dwhich4介词whose名词(指物的先行词在定语从句中作定语时还可以用the +noun +of which的结构来表示)He lives in an old house, under whose roof live a family of birds.他住在一座老房子里，在屋檐下住着一窝鸟。We were grateful to Mr.Li, in whose car we had traveled home.我们都很感谢李先生，我们就是坐他的车回家的。5“介词which”常可以和when, where, why互换Ill never forget the days when(in which/during which) I worked with you.我将永远不会忘记和你一起工作的那些日子。This is the office where (in which) I used to work.这就是我过去工作过的办公室。Id like you to explain the reason why (for which) you were absent.我想让你解释一下你缺席的原因。(先行词在定语从句中作状语时根据不同类型的状语，用不同的介词+关系代词，时间状语使用on; in; by;during等表示时间的介词；地点状语用on; in; at;to;from等表示地点的介词；原因状语用for;方式状语用in; by; with等。)where可以替代to/at/from/in which, 例如：They visited the city where/in which John Denver was born.when可以替代during/at/in/on which，例如：I will never forget the year when/in which our band started.why可以替代for which，例如：The reason why/for which he left the band was that he hated the busy life. how可以替代in which，但是要同时去掉the way，例如：The students do not know how/the way in which a music band can be formed.Eample: I dont understand the way in which you solved this problem.I dont understand how you solved this problem.1. This is the month during which we like to go to outdoor concerts.This is the month when we like to go to outdoor concerts.2. She gave a musical concert in the hall in which we interviewed a famous violinist last week.She gave a musical concert in the hall where we interviewed a famous violinist last week.3. Lillian lives in a town in which there are many cultural events. Lillian lives in a town where there are many cultural events.4. A concert hall is a place to which you go to buy tickets for a show.A concert hall is a place where you go to buy tickets for a show.5. Finding a job as a singer was the reason for which I moved. Finding a job as a singer was the reason why I moved.6. Summer is the time at which it is best to practise outside with your band.Summer is the time when it is best to practise outside with your band.7. His studio was the place in which we recorded our greatest hits.His studio was the place where we recorded our greatest hits.8. I relied on my car until it broke down at the place at which three roads meet.I relied on my car until it broke down at the place where three roads meet.9. I am familiar with your songs and the way in which you compose them.I am familiar with your songs and how you compose them.10. It is a time at which the sun begins to sink and the moon to rise.It is a time when the sun begins to sink and the moon to rise.三“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句介词的选择“介词关系代词”分为三种情况：介词必须放在关系代词前；介词必须放在从句谓语动词后，不提前；介词既可以放在从句谓语动词后，也可提前。1. 介词必须放在关系代词前指代先行词的关系代词与介词构成介词短语时，介词必须放在关系代词前。例如：This is the desk on which I found my book.注意：关系代词which代替先行词the desk, 并与介词on构成介词短语on the desk, 作定语从句的地点状语。例如：Id prefer to live in the house in front of which there is a cherry tree.关系代词which代替先行词the house, 与in front of 构成介词短语in front of the house, 作定语从句的地点状语。例如：There was a time in history during which the blacks were treated as slaves.关系代词which代替先行词a time, 与介词during构成介词短语during a time, 作定语从句的时间状语。例如：I dont like the way in which he treats us.关系代词which代替先行词the way,与介词in构成介词短语in the way, 作定语从句的方式状语。先行词为表示方式的名词the way时，此定语从句还可以用关系代词that或省略关系代词。2. 介词必须放在从句谓语动词后，不提前当介词与定语从句的谓语动词连用构成固定的短语动词时，介词不能提前放在关系代词前面，而是要放在从句的谓语动词之后。例如：He is the man (who/whom/that)Im looking for.定语从句（who/whom/that）Im looking for 的谓语动词是固定的短语动词look for，介词for不能与look分开，因此介词for不能提到关系代词前。这类短语如：look for, look after, look forward to, put in for申请,care for,pay a visit to3. 介词既可以放在从句谓语动词后，也可提前当介词可以与指代先行词的关系代词构成短语搭配，也可以与定语从句的谓语动词连用构成短语动词时，介词可以放在关系代词前，也可以放在从句的谓语动词之后。例如：Do you know the person (who/whom/that) I talked to just now(=to whom I talked just now)?在“介词+关系代词”结构中，介词后面的关系代词只能用which（指物）或whom(指人)。在本句中介词可以与代替先行词the person的关系代词whom构成短语to the person或与从句中的动词talk构成动词短语talk to,因此介词to 可以放在关系代词前，也可以放在从句的谓语动词之后。课堂实练 1. I dont think the number of people _ this happens is very large. A. whom B. to whom C. on whom D. which 2. The school has 3,000 students, _ 1,800 are men. A. whose B. of whom C. that D. of which 3. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose 4. The gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. A. who B. about whom C. whom D. with whom 5. She wrote a lot of stories for children, _ this is one example. A. in which B. of which C. among them D. of them 6. He offered us a lot of money _ we couldnt buy these machines. A. without which B. with that C. with which D. without that 7. Mary, _ for help, has gone to England. A. who I can go to B. whom I can go C. to whom I can go D. I can go to 8. Now we have very powerful telescopes _ we can study the skies. A. in which B. with which C. through which D. by which 9. The man _ she was married was a soldier. A. whom B. to whom C. with whom D. who 10. Tom, _ I went to the concert, is a friend of mine. A. whom B. who C. with whom D. whose 附：动词短语分类一、与介词搭配动词+介词begin with 从/以开始believe in 信任/信赖/信仰belong in/on/under在中/上面/下面有适当位置belong to 属于break/burst into 闯入;突发break through 冲破finish with 完成;与绝交fit into适合于fly at 扑向fly into 突然爆发fool with 胡弄;玩弄gasp at 因倒抽一口冷气get into 进入get off 从(车、船等)下来get on 上(车、船等)glare at 怒目注视go over 复习/过一遍go through 通过hear from 受到的音、信hear of/about 听说;因受责备insist on 坚持要/坚决主张join in 加入/一起(做某事)jump at/on 跃/扑向;欣然接受;匆匆作出(结论)jump into 跳入/踊跃投入keep to 不离开/坚守/遵行knock about 漫游knock at/on 敲(门、窗等)knock against 偶然遇到(某人)knock into 撞到laugh at 嘲笑;因而笑lay for 埋伏等待lay into 猛攻/痛击lead to/into 通向/导致learn about/of 获悉/听说learn from 向学习;从吸取教训listen to 听/倾听live by 靠过活;住在附近live on 以为主食;靠生活long for 渴望call at 短暂访问/停靠(某地)call for 要求/需要call on 看望;号召(某人)care about 对关心/感兴趣care for 对关心/喜欢/尊重/想要;照料catch at 去接/抓change for 转车去处;于(某物)交换change/turn into 变成(=become)come across 走过来;偶然碰到/找到come at 达到/了解/攻击come from 来自/出身于come into 进入;开始;得到;继承come to (oneself) 苏醒(=come back to life)come upon 偶然碰到/攻袭/发生/出现于concern about 关心connect with 连系/衔接consist of 由组成count on 信赖/指望date from 始于deal in 经营/从事deal with 涉及/处理/应付;与打交道/做生意depend on 依赖/依靠die for 为而死;渴望die from/of 死于dive for 冲向dive into 潜入(水中)declare against/for 声明反对/赞成do for 适用于/替代/毁掉engage in 从事/