Linux下主机名的修改对oracle监听及EM的影响及恢复.doc

Linux下主机名的修改对oracle监听及EM的影响及恢复一 修改主机名及恢复监听修改主机名分为动态和静态，动态是指不需要重启就能更改，但是重启无法保存，静态的意思需要修改配置文件，重启会被保存1. 动态修改对监听的影响查看当前的hostnamerootlocalhost # hostnamelocalhost.localdomainrootlocalhost # hostname oraclerootlocalhost # su 查看network的hostnamerootoracle # vi /etc/sysconfig/networkNETWORKING=yesNETWORKING_IPV6=noHOSTNAME=localhost.localdomain查看hostsrootoracle # vi /etc/hosts# Do not remove the following line, or various programs# that require network functionality will fail. localhost.localdomain localhost:1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6 先去启动一下监听看一下有什么变化 rootoracle # su - oracleoracleoracle $oracleoracle$cd/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/oracleoracle admin$ pwd/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/adminoracleoracle admin$ lslistener.ora samples shrept.lst sqlnet.ora tnsnames.oraoracleoracle admin$ vi listener.ora# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1) (PROGRAM = extproc) ) )LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost.localdomain)(PORT = 1521) ) ) listener.ora 20L, 525C oracleoracle $ lsnrctl startLSNRCTL for Linux: Version .0 - Production on 26-FEB-2011 01:23:16Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait.TNSLSNR for Linux: Version .0 - ProductionSystem parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.oraLog messages written to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/log/listener.logListening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521)Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)STATUS of the LISTENER-Alias LISTENERVersion TNSLSNR for Linux: Version .0 - ProductionStart Date 26-FEB-2011 01:23:17Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 secTrace Level offSecurity ON: Local OS AuthenticationSNMP OFFListener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.oraListener Log File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/log/listener.logListening Endpoints Summary. (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521)Services Summary.Service PLSExtProc has 1 instance(s). Instance PLSExtProc, status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service.The command completed successfully监听状态host= 变成了ip，hostname没有改变前启动监听Host= localhost.localdomain现在启动一下EM，看看可以不可以启动oracleoracle admin$ emctl start dbconsoleTZ set to US/PacificException in getting local .UnknownHostException: oracle: oracleat .InetAddress.getLocalHost(InetAddress.java:1191)at oracle.sysman.emSDK.conf.TargetInstaller.getLocalHost(TargetInstaller.java:4977)at oracle.sysman.emSDK.conf.TargetInstaller.main(TargetInstaller.java:3758)Exception in getting local .UnknownHostException: oracle: oracleat .InetAddress.getLocalHost(InetAddress.java:1191)at oracle.sysman.emSDK.conf.TargetInstaller.getLocalHost(TargetInstaller.java:4977)at oracle.sysman.emSDK.conf.TargetInstaller.main(TargetInstaller.java:3758)OC4J Configuration issue. /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/oc4j/j2ee/OC4J_DBConsole_null_orcl not found.改了hostname EM已经无法启动 重启一下linux看看启动监听和EM看看是什么效果oraclenag_oracle $ su -Password: rootnag_oracle #init 6oraclelocalhost $ lsnrctl startLSNRCTL for Linux: Version .0 - Production on 26-FEB-2011 01:48:03Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait.TNSLSNR for Linux: Version .0 - ProductionSystem parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.oraLog messages written to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/log/listener.logListening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost.localdomain)(PORT=1521)Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)STATUS of the LISTENER-Alias LISTENERVersion TNSLSNR for Linux: Version .0 - ProductionStart Date 26-FEB-2011 01:48:06Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 secTrace Level offSecurity ON: Local OS AuthenticationSNMP OFFListener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.oraListener Log File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/log/listener.logListening Endpoints Summary. (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost.localdomain)(PORT=1521)Services Summary.Service PLSExtProc has 1 instance(s). Instance PLSExtProc, status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service.The command completed successfullyoraclelocalhost $ emctl start dbconsoleTZ set to US/PacificOracle Enterprise Manager 10g Database Control Release .0 Copyright (c) 1996, 2005 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.http:/localhost.localdomain:1158/em/console/aboutApplicationStarting Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Database Control . started. -Logs are generated in directory /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/localhost.localdomain_orcl/sysman/log总结：使用hostname命令改变主机名，监听是可以启动的，EM无法启动，重启就恢复了。2. 静态改变主机名我们要对比一下改network里的hostname和hosts里对应关系有什么影响A.我们先改一下network里的hostnameoraclelocalhost $ vi /etc/sysconfig/networkoraclelocalhost $ vi /etc/sysconfig/networkoraclelocalhost $ su -Password: rootlocalhost # vi /etc/sysconfig/network将hostname改成oracleNETWORKING=yesNETWORKING_IPV6=noHOSTNAME=oracle 需要重启才能改过来oracleoracle $那么我们启动监听oracleoracle $ lsnrctl startLSNRCTL for Linux: Version .0 - Production on 26-FEB-2011 02:05:47Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait.TNSLSNR for Linux: Version .0 - ProductionSystem parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.oraLog messages written to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/log/listener.logListening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521)Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)STATUS of the LISTENER-Alias LISTENERVersion TNSLSNR for Linux: Version .0 - ProductionStart Date 26-FEB-2011 02:05:49Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 secTrace Level offSecurity ON: Local OS AuthenticationSNMP OFFListener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.oraListener Log File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/log/listener.logListening Endpoints Summary. (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521)Services Summary.Service PLSExtProc has 1 instance(s). Instance PLSExtProc, status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service.The command completed successfully启动EMoracleoracle $ emctl start dbconsoleTZ set to US/PacificException in getting local .UnknownHostException: oracle: oracleat .InetAddress.getLocalHost(InetAddress.java:1191)at oracle.sysman.emSDK.conf.TargetInstaller.getLocalHost(TargetInstaller.java:4977)at oracle.sysman.emSDK.conf.TargetInstaller.main(TargetInstaller.java:3758)Exception in getting local .UnknownHostException: oracle: oracleat .InetAddress.getLocalHost(InetAddress.java:1191)at oracle.sysman.emSDK.conf.TargetInstaller.getLocalHost(TargetInstaller.java:4977)at oracle.sysman.emSDK.conf.TargetInstaller.main(TargetInstaller.java:3758)OC4J Configuration issue. /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/oc4j/j2ee/OC4J_DBConsole_null_orcl not found.总结：监听可以启动，EM无法启动，那么我们这里监听的状态又使用的是，而不是orale那，我们先改一下listener.ora看看oracleoracle$vi/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1) (PROGRAM = extproc) ) )LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost.localdomain)(PORT = 1521) ) ) cle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora 20L, 525C 1,1 All把HOST = localhost.localdomain 改成HOST = oracle重启监听oracleoracle $ lsnrctl stopLSNRCTL for Linux: Version .0 - Production on 26-FEB-2011 02:12:05Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)The command completed successfullyoracleoracle $ lsnrctl startLSNRCTL for Linux: Version .0 - Production on 26-FEB-2011 02:12:29Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait.TNSLSNR for Linux: Version .0 - ProductionSystem parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.oraLog messages written to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/log/listener.logListening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)Error listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=oracle)(PORT=1521)TNS-12545: Connect failed because target host or object does not exist TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error TNS-00515: Connect failed because target host or object does not exist Linux Error: 11: Resource temporarily unavailableListener failed to start. See the error message(s) above.启动失败B.我们下面只更改hosts文件不更改network看看是什么情况 oraclelocalhost $ vi /etc/hosts# Do not remove the following line, or various programs# that require network functionality will fail. localhost.localdomain localhost:1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6 这里值得注意的是hosts文件配置是分三部分 ip 主机名 别名那么主机名和别名有什么区别？我们做个试验将主机名改成123 别名改成456 看看有什么效果？包括监听及EMoraclelocalhost $ su -Password: rootlocalhost # Do not remove the following line, or various programs# that require network functionality will fail. 123 456:1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6重启后oraclelocalhost $oraclelocalhost $ lsnrctl startLSNRCTL for Linux: Version .0 - Production on 26-FEB-2011 02:26:35Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait.TNSLSNR for Linux: Version .0 - ProductionSystem parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.oraLog messages written to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/log/listener.logListening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)Error listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost.localdomain)(PORT=1521)TNS-12545: Connect failed because target host or object does not exist TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error TNS-00515: Connect failed because target host or object does not exist Linux Error: 11: Resource temporarily unavailableListener failed to start. See the error message(s) above.监听启动失败了，那么我们改一下listener试试，先改成456试试# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.SID_LIST_LISTENER = (SID_LIST = (SID_DESC = (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc) (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1) (PROGRAM = extproc) ) )LISTENER = (DESCRIPTION_LIST = (DESCRIPTION = (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 456)(PORT = 1521) ) ) oraclelocalhost $ lsnrctl startLSNRCTL for Linux: Version .0 - Production on 26-FEB-2011 02:29:46Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait.TNS-12537: TNS:connection closed TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error TNS-00507: Connection closed Linux Error: 29: Illegal seek监听启动失败，那么改成123那oraclelocalhost $ lsnrctl startLSNRCTL for Linux: Version .0 - Production on 26-FEB-2011 02:30:58Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait.TNS-12537: TNS:connection closed TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error TNS-00507: Connection closed Linux Error: 29: Illegal seek 总结：说明只改hosts文件也是不行的，监听起不来，那么我们把network里的hostname也改一下，改成123试试oracle123 $ lsnrctl startLSNRCTL for Linux: Version .0 - Production on 26-FEB-2011 02:40:22Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait.TNS-12537: TNS:connection closed TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error TNS-00507: Connection closed Linux Error: 29: Illegal seek现在是listener和hosts和network都是123还是无法启动监听把hosts里的456改成localhost试试# Do not remove the following line, or various programs# that require network functionality will fail. 123 localhost:1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6oracle123 $ lsnrctl startLSNRCTL for Linux: Version .0 - Production on 26-FEB-2011 02:44:06Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait.TNSLSNR for Linux: Version .0 - ProductionSystem parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.oraLog messages written to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/log/listener.logListening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=23)(PORT=1521)Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)STATUS of the LISTENER-Alias LISTENERVersion TNSLSNR for Linux: Version .0 - ProductionStart Date 26-FEB-2011 02:44:07Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 secTrace Level offSecurity ON: Local OS AuthenticationSNMP OFFListener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.oraListener Log File /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/log/listener.logListening Endpoints Summary. (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1) (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=23)(PORT=1521)Services Summary.Service PLSExtProc has 1 instance(s). Instance PLSExtProc, status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service.The command completed successfully监听启动成功，EM无法启动提示找不到对应的文件，那么我们就知道hosts里的别名就需要用localhost。先我们把hosts和network的hostname都改成nag_oracle,listener.ora也改成nag_oracle看一下状态准备解决EM启动不了的问题oraclenag_oracle $ lsnrctl startLSNRCTL for Linux: Version .0 - Production on 26-FEB-2011 02:56:23Copyright (c) 1991, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait.TNSLSNR for Linux: Version .0 - ProductionSystem parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.oraLog messages written to /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbhome_1/network/log/listener.logListening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1)Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=nag_oracle)(PORT=1521)Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1)STATUS of the LISTENER-Alias LISTENERVersion TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 10.2.0