高考语法-冠词.docx

专题一 冠词I、重点难点解析 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义 历年高考试题对冠词的考查涉及到冠词的位置、不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词及固定搭配中的冠词等各个方面。下面我们以表格的形式对前四个方面进行总结，1. 冠词的位置 考点 示例1suchwhatmanyratherquite + a (n)+形容词+单数可数名词quite a small house2howhoweversotooasthatthis十形容词+a(u)+单数可数名词so nice a girl3 bothallhalftwicedouble + the +名词twice the size of the room4 half a (n）或a half + 单数可数名词Half an houra half hour2.不定冠词 考点 示例 1 表示泛指，与any同义 A square has four sides 2 表示数量“一”，与one同义，但其数的概念不如one强烈 He will be back in a week 3 表示“相同的”，与the same同义 Birds of a feather flock together 4 表示“每一个”，与every，each，per同义 I visit my father once a month 5 表示“某一”，与a certain同义 A Mr Smith is waiting to see you 6 表示“像似的”，与one like同义 He is a Lei Feng in our class 7 用在某些物质名词前表示“一种、一阵、 一份、一场”等 We had a heavy rain last night8 用在某些抽象名词前，使其具体化 You are a great help to your mother3. 定冠词考点示例 1特指上文提到过的、谈话双方都清楚的、受定语修饰的人或物 There l met a foreigner and the foreigner helped me a lot. / Do you know the man standing by the window?2用于单数名词前，指一类事物The lion is a wild animal.3用于乐器名称前the violin / the piano 4用于世界上独一无二的事物前the sun/the earth/the world 5与某些形容词连用表示一类人the rich / the young / the aged 6在字数词和最高级前the first one to come to schoolthe best student in our class7在江河湖海、山脉群岛、海峡海岸的地名中The Changjiang River / the West Lake / the English Channel8在表示姓氏的复数名词前、逢整十数词的复数前play (the) pianothe Brownsin the 1920s/9在表示国家的形容词前，泛指该国的人民.the Chinese / the English 10用在一些习惯用语中in the morning / the day after tomorrow / the day before yesterday / the next year 4. 零冠词 考点 示例1专用名词和不可数名词前China, America, Grade One, Class Two2名词前已有this, that, my, your, some, any 等Go down this street.3当复数名词和不可数名词表示泛指时We are students./ I like reading stories.4成对名词连用时 day after dayface to face5在球类、棋类、学科、语言、三餐名词前play basketballplay chesslike physics. speak Englishat lunch6在季节、月份、某些含Day的节假日、星期等名词前Autumn is the best season in Beijing.in MayNew Years DayOn Sunday7在某些习惯用语中的名词前At noonby busby telephone/ in bed, in time / go to bed / go to college5. 英语中含有冠词的词组辩析英语中有不少词组，从形式看好象只有冠词之差，而实际上却是意义完全不同的新词组。1. in front of 在（外）的前面 ; in the front of 在（内）的前面 Theres a garden in front of the classroom. Theres a blackboard in the front of the classroom. 2. in charge of 掌管；负责; in the charge of 在负责之下 An experienced worker is in charge of the project. The project is in the charge of an experienced worker. 3. at table 在用饭；吃饭时; at the table 在桌旁 He seldom talks at table. They sat at the table, talking and laughing. 4. by day 白天；日间 ; by the day 按日计 He works in an office by day. Cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day. 5. take place 发生；举行 ; take the place 代替；接替 When did this conversation take place? Electric train has now taken the place of steam trains in England. 6. in words 用言语 ; in a word 总之 Please express your thought in words. In a word, I dont trust you. 7. at times 有时；不时 ; at a time 一次 I do feel a little nervous at times. Pass me the bricks two at a time. 8. little 少；不多的 ; a little 一些；一点点 Hurry up, theres little time left. Dont hurry, you still have a little time. 9. few 很少；几乎没有的; a few 有些；几个 He is a man of few words. Only a few of the children can read. 10.a most interesting 非常有趣的 ; the most interesting 最有趣的（形容词的最高级） This is a most interesting story. This is the most interesting story of the three. 11.a doctor and nurse 一位医生兼护士 ; a doctor and a nurse 一位医生和一位护士 A doctor and nurse is standing there. A doctor and a nurse are standing there. 12.A number of 许多；好些 ; the number of （的）数目 A number of students are in the classroom. The number of students in the classroom is forty. II、实战演练（一）用适当的冠词填空，不需要的划“”.1.-Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith? -Sorry, wrong number. There isnt_ Mr. Smith here.2. I know you dont like _ music very much. But what do you think of _ music in the film we saw yesterday?3. - I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over _ keyboard. - You shouldnt put drinks near _ computer.4. Of all _ reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my fathers advice was _ most important one.5. According to _World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent _ spread of AIDS. 6. For him _ stage is just _ means of making a living. 7. I think it really _ honor for me to speak here. 8. This lab used to be in _ charge of Mr. Wang.9 I know there is _ Mr. Smith next door, who has gone on _ business.10 He devotes most of his time to _ football. And I am sure he promises _ excellent footballer. 11 Dont lose heart. Please have _ second try.12 Those who are rich should help _ poor.13 When stealing the thief was caught by _ arm by a policeman.14 In some factories workers get paid by _ piece.15 It is a bad habit to go to work without _ breakfast.16 John is _ university student from _ European country.17 Teachers play _ active and important part in building up students character.18 _ Zhangs live on the second floor.19 Cotton is grown in _ north of China.20 It is known to us all that _ light travels faster than _ sound.21 A tower is seen in _ distance.22In case of fire please press _ red button.23 Shenzhen has _ population of more than 10 million.24_ days I spent with Catherine in Beijing were so wonderful.25A bullet hit the solider and he was wounded in _ leg.26He loved writing and his first novel was _ great success when it came out.27 My brother was born in _ spring of 1990.28 Mr. Smith is _ most learned scholar and you can turn to him for help.29 How sweetly she sings! I have never heard _ better voice.30 Beijing is _ second largest city in China.31 My trip to Tibet was really _ unforgettable experience.32 This watch is _ 18th century watch, which has been passed down from my great grandpa.（二） 语法填空在括号中填入适当的冠词There once was a king who offered 1 prize to 2 artist who would paint 3 best picture of peace. Many artist tried. The king looked at all 4 pictures. But there were only two he really liked, and he had to choose between them.One picture was of a calm lake. The lake was a perfect mirror for peaceful high mountains all around it. Overhead was a blue sky with fluffy white clouds. All who saw this picture thought it was 5 perfect picture of peace.The other picture had mountains, too. But these were rugged and bare. Above was 6 angry sky, from which rain fell and in whi