6.ospf单区域.doc

OSPF：Open Shortest Path First 开放最短路径优先协议拓扑图如下：（点对点多路访问型）接口连接：Router1 S0/0 Router2 S0/0 Router3 S0/1 Router2 S0/1 Router3 F1/0 Router2 F1/0路由器参考配置如下：路由器R1的配置：Router /用户模式Routerenable /从用户模式进入到特权模式Router#configure terminal /从特权模式进入到全局模式Router(config)#hostname R1 /给路由器从命名为R1R1(config)#no ip domain lookup /关闭域名查找R1(config)#line console 0 /进入控制口R1(config-line)#logging synchronous /光标跟随R1(config-line)#exec-timeout 0 0 /关闭延迟R1(config-line)#exitR1(config)#interface loopback 0 /配置回环接口的ip地址R1(config-if)#ip address R1(config-if)#interface s0/0 /配置串口的ip地址R1(config-if)#ip address R1(config-if)#no shutdown /激活物理接口R1(config-if)#endR1#show ip route /查看路由表信息Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC is directly connected, Loopback0C /24 is directly connected, Serial0/0R1#configure terminal /进入全局配置模式R1(config)#router ospf 1 /启用ospf协议加进程号（进程号可不同）R1(config-router)#network area 2 /宣告ip、反向掩码和区域号R1(config-router)#network area 2 /区域号要相同R1(config-router)#endR1#show ip route /查看路由表信息Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set/110/65：管理距离110；成本（度量值）65 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC is directly connected, Loopback0 /32 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO 110/65 via , 00:02:22, Serial0/0 /32 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO 110/129 via , 00:02:22, Serial0/0O /24 110/128 via , 00:02:22, Serial0/0C /24 is directly connected, Serial0/0O /24 110/128 via , 00:02:22, Serial0/0路由器R2的配置：(详细配置)Router /用户模式Routerenable /从用户模式进入到特权模式Router#configure terminal /从特权模式进入到全局模式Router(config)#hostname R2 /给路由器从命名为R2R2(config)#no ip domain lookup /关闭域名查找R2(config)#line console 0 /进入控制口R2(config-line)#logging synchronous /光标跟随R2(config-line)#exec-timeout 0 0 /关闭延迟R2(config-line)#exitR2(config)#interface loopback 0 /配置回环接口的ip地址R2(config-if)#ip address R2(config-if)#interface s0/0 /配置串口的ip地址R2(config-if)#ip address R2(config-if)#no shutdown R2(config-if)#interface s0/1 R2(config-if)#ip address R2(config-if)#no shutdown R2(config-if)#interface f1/0R2(config-if)#ip address R2(config-if)#no shutdown R2(config-if)#endR2#show ip route /查看路由表信息Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC is directly connected, Loopback0C /24 is directly connected, Serial0/0C /24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0R2#configure terminal /进入全局配置模式R2(config)#router ospf 2 /启用ospf协议加进程号（进程号可不同）R2(config-router)#network area 2R2(config-router)#network area 2R2(config-router)#network area 2R2(config-router)#network area 2R2(config-router)#endR2#show ip route /查看路由表信息Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set/110/65：管理距离110；成本（度量值）65 /32 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO 110/65 via , 00:00:16, Serial0/0 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC is directly connected, Loopback0 /32 is subnetted, 1 subnets /两条路只走以太口O 110/2 via , 00:00:16, FastEthernet1/0C /24 is directly connected, Serial0/1C /24 is directly connected, Serial0/0C /24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0R2#show ip protocols /查看使用的协议Routing Protocol is ospf 2 Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set Router ID /路由ID号 Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa Maximum path: 4 Routing for Networks: area 2 area 2 area 2 area 2 Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps Routing Information Sources: Gateway Distance Last Update 110 00:02:21 110 00:02:21 Distance: (default is 110) /管理距离110R2#configure terminalR2(config)#router ospf 2R2(config-router)#router-id /修改路由的ID号为R2(config-router)#endR2#clear ip ospf process /清除ospf协议的进程Reset ALL OSPF processes? no: yR2#show ip protocols /查看使用的协议Routing Protocol is ospf 2 Outgoing update filter list for all interfaces is not set Incoming update filter list for all interfaces is not set Router ID /修改后的路由ID号 Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa Maximum path: 4 Routing for Networks: area 2 area 2 area 2 area 2 Reference bandwidth unit is 100 mbps Routing Information Sources: Gateway Distance Last Update 110 00:02:20 110 00:02:20 Distance: (default is 110)R2#show ip ospf interface f1/0 /查看接口上的信息FastEthernet1/0 is up, line protocol is up Internet Address /24, Area 2 /成本为1 Process ID 2, Router ID , Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1 Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State BDR, Priority 1 Designated Router (ID) , Interface address Backup Designated router (ID) , Interface address Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5 oob-resync timeout 40 Hello due in 00:00:03 Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS) Index 4/4, flood queue length 0 Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0) Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1 Last flood scan time is 4 msec, maximum is 4 msec Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1 Adjacent with neighbor (Designated Router) Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)R2#show ip ospf interface s0/1 /查看接口上的信息Serial0/1 is up, line protocol is up Internet Address /24, Area 2 /成本为64 Process ID 2, Router ID , Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 64 Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT, Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5 oob-resync timeout 40 Hello due in 00:00:09 Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS) Index 3/3, flood queue length 0 Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0) Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1 Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1 Adjacent with neighbor Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)R2#configure terminalR2(config)#interface f1/0 R2(config-if)#ip ospf cost 64 /修改路由的成本R2(config-if)#endR2#show ip ospf interface f1/0 /查看接口上的信息FastEthernet1/0 is up, line protocol is up Internet Address /24, Area 2 /修改后成本为64 Process ID 2, Router ID , Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 64 Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State BDR, Priority 1 Designated Router (ID) , Interface address Backup Designated router (ID) , Interface address Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5 oob-resync timeout 40 Hello due in 00:00:03 Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS) Index 4/4, flood queue length 0 Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0) Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1 Last flood scan time is 4 msec, maximum is 4 msec Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1 Adjacent with neighbor (Designated Router) Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)R2#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set /32 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO 110/65 via , 00:00:14, Serial0/0 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC is directly connected, Loopback0 /32 is subnetted, 1 subnets /两条路的成本相同后向个方向走O 110/65 via , 00:00:14, FastEthernet1/0 110/65 via , 00:00:14, Serial0/1C /24 is directly connected, Serial0/1C /24 is directly connected, Serial0/0C /24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0R2#show ip ospf neighbor /查看邻居的情况Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface 1 FULL/DR 00:00:30 FastEthernet1/0 0 FULL/ - 00:00:30 Serial0/ 0 FULL/ - 00:00:38 Serial0/0R2#show running-config /查看运行配置信息Building configuration.Current configuration : 1061 bytes!version 12.4service timestamps debug datetime msecservice timestamps log datetime msecno service password-encryption!hostname R2 /路由器的名称为R2!boot-start-markerboot-end-marker!no aaa new-modelmemory-size iomem 5!ip cef!no ip domain lookup /关闭域名查找! !interface Loopback0 /回环接口的ip地址 ip address !interface Serial0/0 /串口的ip地址 ip address serial restart-delay 0!interface Serial0/1 ip address ip ospf cost 64 /成本为64 serial restart-delay 0!interface Serial0/2 no ip address shutdown serial restart-delay 0!interface Serial0/3 no ip address shutdown serial restart-delay 0!interface FastEthernet1/0 ip address ip ospf cost 64 /成本为64 duplex auto speed auto!router ospf 2 /使用ospf协议 router-id /路由ID为 log-adjacency-changes network area 2 /宣告ip地址 network area 2 network area 2 network area 2!ip http server!control-plane!line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 logging synchronousline aux 0line vty 0 4!endR2#ping source /ping目标地址 原ip地址Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to , timeout is 2 seconds:Packet sent with a source address of !Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 48/92/152 msR2#路由器R3的配置：RouterRouterenableRouter#configure terminalRouter(config)#hostname R3R3(config)#no ip domain lookupR3(config)#line console 0R3(config-line)#logging synchronousR3(config-line)#exec-timeout 0 0R3(config-line)#exitR3(config)#interface loopback 0R3(config-if)#ip address R3(config)#interface s0/1R3(config-if)#ip address R3(config-if)#no shutdown R3(config-if)#interface f1/0R3(config-if)#ip address R3(config-if)#no shutdownR3(config-if)#endR3#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC is directly connected, Loopback0C /24 is directly connected, Serial0/1C /24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0R3#configure terminalR3(config)#router ospf 3R3(config-router)#network area 2R3(config-router)#network area 2R3(config-router)#network area 2R3(config-router)#endR3#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set /32 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO 110/66 via , 00:00:23, FastEthernet1/0 /32 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO 110/2 via , 00:00:23, FastEthernet1/0 /24 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC is directly connected, Loopback0C /24 is directly connected, Serial0/1O /24 110/65 via , 00:00:23, FastEthernet1/0C /24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0R3#configure terminalR3(config)#interface f1/0 /以太口的成本默认是1R3(config-if)#ip ospf cost 64/把以太口的成本改为64，和串口的默认成本64相同R3(config-if)#endR3#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static,