95年5月语法讲解.doc

1995年05月语法题1._ Henry Ford first sought financial backing for making cars, the very notion of farmers and clerks owning automobiles was considered ridiculous.(A)How(B)Even(C)When(D)Despite答案：C测试点：从句连接词。分析：逗号后为主句，逗号前状语从句缺连接词。(C)when可引导时间状语从句。(B)Even为副词，(D)Despite为介词，均不可引出从句。(A)How虽为连词但与句意不符。2.The first president of Cornell University, Andrew White _ the concept of a university unaffiliated with any religious sect or political party.(A)develop(B)developing(C)develops(D)developed答案：D测试点：谓语时态。分析：本句有主语Andrew White而缺谓语，应在答案中选择谓语动词的形式，即(A)(C)或(D)。主语是第三人称单数，谓语不能用动词原形，故排除(A)。Cornell是著名的大学，历史悠久，其first president自然是历史人物，故排除现在时的(C)而选过去时(D)。3.In order for information to be easily communicated, _ must be organized in an understandable way.(A)there(B)and(C)it (D)how答案：C测试点：主语。分析：空格后有谓语动词must be organized而缺主语，应在答案中选择名词或代词。(C)是代词，可做主语。句中be后应是动词而不是名词，不可用there be句型，故(A)错。4.Because of record snowfalls in the mountains surrounding Utahs Great Salt Lake, there is more water in the lake and its salt content is _ it once was.(A)least as (B)much less than(C)the least what(D)less答案：B测试点：比较句式。分析：句中关键词more表明这是molethan比较句型。在4个答案中首先寻找含than的形式，即(B)。此句含有两个比较项目：more water和less salt content。解题要点：句中出现比较词mole，应首先寻找含than的答案。5.Home movies began to become popular as a hobby in the United States during the 1920s, _ of low-cost film.(A)the invention followed(B)the invention to follow(C)following the invention(D)invention the following答案：C测试点：分词短语。分析：逗号前为句子，逗号后应为从句或短语。空格后紧接of，说明所缺部分最后一词为名词。答案中无从句，只有(C)是分词短语，且最后一词为名词invention，可后接。of，故选(C)。6.Mary Edmonia Lewis, a sculptor who studied at Oberlin College, was _ by Hrriet ffosmer.(A)tutored in the neoclassical aesthetic(B)the neoclassical aesthetic tutored in (C)aesthetic in the neoclassical tutored(D)the aesthetic neoclassical tutored in答案：A测试点：词序被动语态。分析：助动词was后应紧接过去分词，其后接介词短语(介词+冠词+形容词+名词)，(A)是正确语序。7.Even though rhubarb is a vegetable, _ as a dessert.(A)popular also(B)it is popular (C)but it is popular(D)which is popular答案：B测试点：主谓结构。分析：逗号前为Even though引导的从句，逗号后应为主句。空格后只有短语，主、谓语均缺，应在答案中选择主语+动词的形式，即(B)。(A)不是主谓结构，(C)but不与Even though连用：(D)为从句。8.Elizabeth Cabot Agassiz, _ of Radeliffe College, had worked as both an educator and a naturalist.(A)the first president(B)was the first president(C)she was the first president(D)which she was the first president答案：A测试点：同位语。分析：本句主、语俱全，主、谓之间有一逗号隔开的部分，这是典型的同位语试题。故选名词词组(A)作同位语。9._ ever developed was celluloid, a combination of natural camphor and cellulose nitrate.(A)The first plastic and(B)Being the first plastic(C)The first plastic(D)It was the first plastic答案：C测试点：主语。分析：句子有系动词was而缺主语，应在答案中选择名词或名词词组。(C)为名词词组，可作主语。10.Often the design of a scholarly investigation _ by the question it is addressing.(A)to affect(B)affects(C)affected(D)will be affected答案：D测试点：被动语态。分析：空格前有主语，空格后出现by，说明句子缺谓语动词，且为被动语态。答案中(D)是被动语态的谓语动词。(A)不能作谓语；(B)(C)不是被动式。11.Though once quite large, _ population of the bald eagle across North America has drastically declined in the past forty years.(A)it is the(B)there is the(C)as the(D)the答案：D测试点：冠词。分析：空格后句子主、谓语完整，句首名词population前缺冠词。应在答案中选择冠词，即(D)。解题要点：几个答案均含冠词，其中有一个是单独的冠词形式，应首先考虑选择它。12.Plywood was originally manufactured from logs _ for other purposes.(A)were not suitable(B)that were not suitable(C)which they were not suitable(D)and suitable were not答案：B分析：定语从句。测试点：空格前句子主、谓完整，名词logs后接修饰成分，(B)为语从句。13.Aerobic exercises create a _ oxygen in the body without seriously disrupting normal body functions.(A)demand(B)demanding(C)demanding of(D)demand for答案：D分析：A demand for是固定短语，不用其他形式。14. A protagonist of a play is _ in tragedy as the suffering main character.(A)what known(B)known as(C)what it is known(D)what is know答案：D测试点：what引导的名词从句。分析：系动词后缺表语。what引导的从句是名词性从句，可作表语，故选(D)。15.The beaver chews down trees to get food and material _ its home.(A)builds(B)it can builds(C)that it builds(D)with which to build答案：D测试点：介词+which结构不定式。分析：介词+which后面可接从句，亦可接不定式结构，即介词+which+to do。16.The architect rural style of Mannerism used unbalanced proportions nor arbitrary ABarrangements of decoration.CD答案：B测试点：连词。分析：nor用于否定句中，与neither或not连用，而句中无neither或not。应为and。17.The theater is perhaps the most complex of the arts, requiring a number large of people ABC for a plays performance.D答案：C分析：number large改为large number18.Some comets are visibly to the unaided eye, but only for several months, when they pass ABCDclosest to the Sun.答案：B测试点：词性。分析：visibly是副词，但此处作表语需要用形容词。应为visible。解题要点：见到以-ly结尾的副词，应注意它是否错用，是否应为形容词。19.Singer, comedienne, and creating of the radio character Baby Snooks, Fanny Buice had ABan engaging personality that delighted audiences for nearly half a century.CD答案：A测试点：并列结构。分析：and两边应同词性、同性质。and前为说明身份的名词Singer和comedienne，and后也应用表示身份的creator。20.Saccharin is about 300 times as sweeter as table sugar but has no carbohydrates and no ABC food value.D答案：B测试点：asas的用法。分析：asas表示同级的比较，两个as之间用原级的形容词或副词，不能用比较级的sweeter。应为(as) sweet as。21.One of the keys to the survival of any animal is its ability adapts to changes in the ABCDenvironment.答案：D测试点：习语/词形。分析：Ability to do是固定短语。应为不定式to adapt。22.The element bromine is not found in nature in the free state because of their strong ABCtendency to take up electrons and form compounds.D答案：C测试点：代词数的一致。分析：代词的数应与其所代名词一致。此处代词指代的是单数的The element bromine,不能用复数的their。应为its。23.During dives that may reach depths of almost 5,000 feet, an elephant seal can holds its ABCDbreath for an hour or more.答案：D测试点：词形。分析：情态动词can应后接动词原形。holds应为hold。24.The development of the boiler is closely related to those of the steam engine, to which it ABCis a necessary adjunct.D答案：C测试点：代词数的一致。分析：代词的数应与其所代名词一致。此处代词指代的是单数的development，不能用复数的those。应为that。25.The Rodeo Association of America, formed in 1929, set up a system points for AB determining the national rodeo champions.CD答案：B测试点：数的一致。分析：points为复数，而冠词a应后接单数名词。应为system point。26.As the late 1940s, Jackson Pollocks art has been considered the pivotal manifestation of ABAbstract Expressionism, as his form of it is known.CD答案：A测试点：介词。分析：表示年代，应用介词in或during。这是TOEFL常考介词问题。27.Stars differ fundamental from planets in that they are self-luminous whereas planets AB shine by reflected light.CD答案：A测试点：词性。分析：fundamental是形容词，而此处修饰动词differ应当用副词，应为fundamentally。28.In 1973 and 1974 Dr. Sylvia Mead was selected chief scientist and aquanaut for diving ABprojects involved the underwater laboratory Hydrolab.CD答案：C测试点：分词词形。分析：分词的主动与被动的区别是TOEFL常考题型。projects后接分词短语作后置定语，意义上是主动的，应用现在分词involving。29.An electromagnet is a device which magnetism is produced by an electric magnet.ABCD答案：B测试点：介词+which结构。分析：介词+which结构中后接定语从句，从句主语为magnetism，而且此句为被动式，不需要宾语。因而which在从句中无法作主语和宾语，故应改为with which作状语。30.Almost all human activity alters water quality somewhat, but not necessity as a result of ABCDpollution by human materials.答案：D测试点：习语/词性。分析：not necessarily是固定短语，不用necessity。31.During periods of heavy rains, a swamp can become a naturally flood controlling device ABif excess runoff can be temporarily stored in its basin.CD答案：B测试点：词性。分析：naturally是副词，而此处修饰名词词组controlling device应当用形容词natural。32.With the advent of power-driven machinery, home industry began toward give way to ABCproduction in mills and factories.D答案：C测试点：习语不定式。分析：begin to do是固定短语。此处began后接不定式，不用toward，应当用to。33.Liquefied natural gas is the most volatile chemistry explosive in common use today.ABCD答案：C测试点：词性。分析：chemistry是名词，而此处修饰名词explosive需要形容词。应为chemical。34.Historian have been able to calculate the dates of events from long ago by tracing A Breferences to eclipses that took place at the same time.CD答案：A测试点：主谓数的一致。分析：助动词为复数的have，说明主语不应是单数，而应为复数Historians。35.In a small community, behavioral norms are more universally understood and accepted, ABand are therefore more likely being homogeneous than in a large city.CD答案：C测试点：习语词形。分析：be likely to do是固定短语。being应为不定式to be。36.Anthropologists face complex problems of analysis and synthesis when they go a