book 2 教材解读unit 2.doc

stand forUnit 2 The Olympic Games知识目标单词 重点掌握 ancientadj.古代的；古老的responsibilityn.责任；职责competevi.比赛；竞赛replacevt.取代；替换；代替medaln.奖章，勋章；纪念章chargevt.&vi.收费;控诉 n.费用;主管magicaladj.巫术的;魔术的;有魔力的physicaladj.物理的；身体的volunteern.志愿者；志愿兵 adj.志愿的；义务的 vt.&vi.自愿finevt.罚款homelandn.祖国；本国advertisevt.&vi.做广告；登广告regularadj.规则的；定期的；常规的bargainvi.讨价还价basisn.基础；根据hopelessadj.没有希望的；绝望的athleten.运动员；运动选手foolishadj.愚蠢的；傻的admitvt.&vi.容许；承认；接纳painn.疼痛；痛苦nowadaysadv.现今，现在deservevi.&vt.应受(报答或惩罚);值得hostvt.做东；主办；招待 n.主人postern. 海报；招贴 识记理解Greecen.希腊gymnasiumn.体育馆；健身房slaven.奴隶motton.座右铭；格言；警句gymnasticsn.(pl)体操；体能训练swiftadj.快的，迅速的stadiumn.(露天大型)体育场gloryn.光荣；荣誉短语新学掌握take part in参加；参与in charge主管；看管stand for代表；象征；表示one after another陆续地，一个接一个地as well也；还；又温习巩固find out查明；弄清楚be eager to do渴望做every four years每四年；每隔三年on purpose故意地play a .role in在中起作用(扮演角色)as a matter of fact事实上，实际上make a bargain with与某人达成一致意见change ones mind改变主意heard of听说pick up拾起；捡起apart from除之外(别无)句型1. what引导的宾语从句 I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago. (P4,点2)2.why引导的表语从句 Thats why theyre called the Winter Olympics. (P6，点7)3. Its.that.强调句型Its in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races, together with swimming, sailing and all the team sports. (P6，点8)4. nor引起的倒装句 No other countries could join in, nor could slaves and women! (P7，点10)5. not only.but.Women are not only allowed, but played a very important role in gymnastics, athletics, team sports and. (P7，点11)语法The Future Passive Voice 一般将来时被动语态能力目标交际Talking about interests and hobbies 谈论兴趣与爱好写作Descriptive writing: favouite sport 描述性写作：最喜爱的体育运动Warming Up & Pre-reading【要点解读】3 How many countries competed in the ancient Olympic Games? 有多少国家参加古代奥运会？(P9)点1 compete 考查热度vi.比赛；竞争。(13教材解读P33) He was clever enough to compete for the mathematics scholarship. 他很聪明,可以参与竞争以获得数学奖学金。Our school competes with/against many other schools in baseball. 我们学校常同许多其他学校进行垒球比赛。拓展(13教材解读P33)Finally, Id like to wish the competition a great success and I hope every competitor can perform at your best!最后，祝愿大赛取得圆满成功并希望每们参赛者发挥出最佳水平！I am very confident about my competence and I will be qualified for the post. 我相信我的能力，我会适合这个岗位的。In the more and more competitive service industry, it is no longer enough to promise customer satisfaction.帮你记More than 1,000 competitors with competence took part in the competition to compete for the first prize. 一千多名有实力的参赛者参加这项竞赛竞争第一的位置。在竞争日益激烈的服务业里，仅向顾客许诺满意还不够。例练1 (2013南昌高一检测) It is difficult for a small store to compete _ a big supermarket.A. for B. in C. with D. as【点拨】句意：对小商店来说，要与大超市竞争太难。compete with.与竞争; compete for为而竞争; compete in参与竞争。根据句意，选C。Who could not take part in the ancient Olympic Games?谁不能参加古代奥运会比赛呢？(P9)点2 take part in 考查热度“参加；参考”某种有组织的、重大的活动、谈话等(13教材解读P35)We are very happy to have the chance to take part in the sports meet. 我们有机会参加这个运动会感到很高兴。part前有无冠词,用法大不相同哟！注意啦How many countries will take part in the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia? 有多少国家会参加2014年俄罗斯索切冬奥会？拓展take part 参与，参加take a/an. part in 参与；在起着的作用(13教材解读P35)May I join in the game? 我可以参加这个游戏吗？例练2 (13教材解读P36)What do the five rings on the Olympic flag stand for?奥运会旗上的五环代表什么？(P9)点3 stand for 考查热度“代表；象征；表示”，还可表示“支持；产张” 拓展 (13教材解读P36)例练3 Reading & Comprehending【课文对译】2929nor引起的倒装句; not only.but also; as well(13教材解读P36)【要点解读】nor引起的倒装句; not only.but also; as well He is now interviewing Li Yan, a volunteer for the 2008 Olympic Games.现在他正在采访一位2008年奥林匹克运动会的志愿者李燕。点1 volunteer 考查热度(1)n.志愿者；志愿兵 He wants to be a volunteer in the army after graduation. 他想毕业后去部队当志愿兵。 To be a volunteer for Olympic games is one of my dreams. 当奥运会志愿者是我的一个梦想。(2)adj.志愿的；义务的The number of college students applying to do volunteer work in Africa has increased over the years. 近年来,大学生申请去非洲做志愿服务的人数呈上升趋势。On April 28th, my classmates and I went to the park near my school where we took part in a volunteer labor.帮你记volunt自愿+eer人自愿的人就是自愿者四月二十八日，我和我班同学去我们学校附近的公园参加了义务劳动。(3) vt.&vi.自愿She volunteered the information. 她自愿提供了这一消息。Many engineers volunteer to work here on Sundays. 很多工程师星期天自愿来这里工作。An old farmer volunteered as guide for the surveying trips. 一位老农自动提出为这些考察活动做向导。拓展volunteering n.志愿活动，自愿行为voluntary adj. 自愿的，志愿的（工作、机构、管理等）Volunteering doesnt only improve your life, but also the lives of others.志愿活动不只是改善你的生活，还同样改善别人的生活。Mr. Smith did a lot of work for a voluntary organization. 史密斯先生为一民办组织做了很多工作.例练1 翻译句子他们主动提出替老太太修缮房子。They volunteered to repair the house for the old lady. I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago. 我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”。我曾经写过很久以前奥林匹克运动会的情况。(P9)句析：(13教材解读P37) 点2 what引导的宾语从句 考查热度what是连接代词，除了引导宾语从句外，它还可以引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等名词性从句。what在句中可作主语、宾语 或表语。What he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.他在会上说的话令每个与会者震惊。（主语从句）They stopped to see what was happening他们停下来看发生了什么事情。 （宾语从句）This is what they call Salt Lake City. 这就是他们称作盐湖城的地方。（表语从句）I have no idea what we should do next. 我不知道下一步我们该干什么。 (同位语从句)辨析 what引导名词性从句时，在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语等，不能省略that引导名词性从句时，在从句中不作句子成分，只在引导宾语从句时可省略，引导其他名词性从句时，that不能省略That he has told lies is quite clear. 他说了谎，这一点很明显。All the people believed (that) it was right to rescue the temple 所有的人都认为拯救古庙是正确的。例练2（2013新课标全国卷I）Police have found _ appears to be the lost ancient statue.A. which B. where C. how D. what【点拨】句意：警察发现了疑似失窃的古老雕像。根据句子结构可知found后的从句是宾语从句，且从句中无主语。A、D两项是连接代词能在名词性从句中作主语，B、D两项是连接副词，不能在名词性从句中能作主语。which表示“哪一个”，有范围限制；what引导主语从句，无范围限制，符合语境。故选D。点3 used to 考查热度表示“过去常做某事”而现在不做了。(13教材解读P37)拓展 (13教材解读P37)例练3(2013莱芜高一检测）In the old days, people _ a fire with wood in our village.A. were used to make B. used to making C. used to make D. used making【点拨】句意：旧时代，我们村上的人们常用木柴生火。used to do过去常做某事。be used to do被用来做；used to doing习惯于。根据句意选C。There are two main sets of Gamesthe Winter and the Summer Olympics, and both are held every for years on a regular basis.运动会主要有两种：冬季奥运会和夏季奥运会。这两种运动会都是有规律地每四年举行一次。(P10)点4 every four years 考查热度 (13教材解读P36)拓展every second.+单数名词 “每两或每隔一”every other + “每隔一”Every few+复数名词 “每几；每隔几” He goes to practise violin every second week of the month.他每个月的第二个星期去学习小提琴。(13教材解读P36)He called his father every few days after that. 从那天以后,他每隔几天就会给父亲打个电话。例练4 The committee accepted his proposal that a conference be held _ to deal with the issues arising in the course.A. every the second month B. each second month C. every a few months D. every other month【点拨】句意：委员会接纳了他的关于每隔一个月就召开一次大会来处理出现的问题的建议。every+基数词+名词复数或every+序数词+名词单数，意为“每(多少)或每隔多少”；“every other+单数名词” 意为“每隔一”。根据句意选D。点5 regular 考查热度adj.规则的；定期的；常规的His pulse is not very regular. 他的脉搏不很规则。I am a regular reader of this newspaper.我是这份报纸的长期读者。There is a regular bus service to the airport.有班车定时发往机场。Mr. Goodman is a regular customer of ours.古得曼先生是我们的常客。拓展(13教材解读P34)例练5 Mike was our _ customer, who used to shop here on Sundays.A. regular B. legal C. normal D. informal【点拨】句意：迈克是我们的常客，他以前在星期天都来我们商店。regular指定期的，有规律的；legal合法的；normal正常的；informal非正式的。根据句意选A。Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.只有达到他们各自项目统一标准的运动员才会被接受参加奥运会。(P10)句析：本句为主从复合句，句中who引导的定语从句修饰先行词athletes。点6 admit 考查热度 vt.&vi.承认；容许；接纳admit (to) sth./doing sth. 承认某事或做了某事(13教材解读P34)(不情愿地)承认事实人或物允许进入；接纳某场所、机构或组织等帮你记例练6 Each ticket _ two people to the party. A. let B. takes C. admits D. accepts【点拨】句意:每张票只允许两个人参加派对。admit.to.允许某人进入；其他词无此用法。故只能选C。 Thats why theyre called the Winter Olympics. 那就是他们被称为冬季奥运会的原因 (P10)点7 why引导的表语从句 考查热度why除了引导表语从句外，还可引导主语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。why在句中作状语。 Whyhediditwillremainapuzzleforever.他为什么这样做将永远是一个谜。（主语从句）I wonder why he didnt answer my question.我想知道他为何不回答我的问题。 (宾语从句)Xiao Wang has solved the problem why the TV was out of order. 小王解决了为何电视出故障这个问题。(同位语从句)辨析 because引导表语从句时表示原因why引导表语从句时表示结果He was ill. Thats why he was sent to the hospital. 他病了，所以被送到医院来。He was sent to the hospital. Thats because he was ill. 他被送到医院，是因为他生病了。例练7（2011山东高考）I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never finishes anything.A. that B. when C. where D. why【点拨】句意: 我觉得与其说他是个实干家不如说他是个空谈家，这就是为什么他从来不会完成任何事情的原因。分析句子结构可知，which指代前面的整个句子引导非限制性定语从句。 在定语从句中，is后面的句子为表语从句，由句意可知which指代的内容是表语从句内容的原因，故用why引导表语从句。选D。 Its in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races, together with swimming, sailing and all the team sports.跑步、游泳、划船和所有团体项目是在夏季奥运会上进行的 (P10)句析：本句中Its.that.结构为强调句型，意为“正是 (怎样了)”；together with“与一起，连同”。点8 Its.that. 强调句型 考查热度 该句型中被强调部分可以是除了谓语以外的其它所有句子成分；当被强调部分是句子的主语时，连接词可以用that(指物)，who或whom(指人)，强调其他成分时均用that, 此时that无词义，且不可省略。(13教材解读P37)辨析Its.that/who/whom强调句型去掉“it、be动词和that/who/ whom”并适当调整或不调整语序，句意基本不变且语法结构完整的是强调句型Its.that/who/whom.其他从句 去掉“it、be动词和that/who/ whom”无论语序调整与否，句意改变且语法结构不完整的是其他从句(主语从句或定语从句)Its in this factory that you learned the technique from me. (强调句)Its this factory that you visited last week. (定语从句)Its a good memory that you learned the technique from me in this factory. (主语从句)例练8(2013重庆高考)It was with the help of the local guide _the mountain climber was rescued.A. who B. that C. when D. how【点拨】句意：在当地导游的帮助下那位登山者获救了。将it was和that去掉后句子重新排序依然完整, 故可断定为强调句，选B。A项只有在强调人时才会使用；B、D两项在强调句中不适用。点9 together with 考查热度“与一起”,常连接两个并列成分，在意就与用法上相当于with或along with。(13教材解读P37)together with连接两个主语时，谓语与它前面的主语保持一致。注意啦拓展语还有：(13教材解读P38)例练9 (1) It was at eleven oclock when he came back._(13教材解读P38)答案：(1) whenthat No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women!别的国家不能参加，奴隶和 妇女也不能参加(P10)点10 nor引起的倒装句 考查热度nor为否定副词，放在句首时，主句常用部分倒装结构，即“否定副词+助动词+主语”。意为“另一者也不”。I have no excuse for being late, nor does he. 我没有迟到的理由，他也没有。The meal didnt cost much, nor was it very delicious. 这顿饭不太贵，也不太好吃。You don t know what to do now，neither / nor do I.你不知道现在该做什么，我也不知道。拓展so+助动词+主语 “另一主语也so+主语+助动词 “主语的确如此”He works hard, so do I. 他很勤奋，我也很勤奋。This film is very interesting这部电影很有趣。 So it is的确如此。例练10 What has Jack been doing recently?I dont know _ care.A. nor I do B. nor do I C. nor am I D. nor I am【点拨】句意: “杰克最近做什么了？”“我不知道，我也不关心。”。根据句意，本题考查nor引起的倒装句。当表示“某人也不怎样”时，常把nor放在前面，其后接相应时态的助动词，然后再接主语。本题中的助动词应是do。故选B项。 Women are not only allowed, but play a very important role in gymnastics, athletics, team sports and.妇女不仅允许参加，而且她们还在体操、竞技和团体等比赛项目中起着非常重要的作用(P10)点11 not only., but (also). 考查热度 “不仅，而且”并列连词词组，常连接两个并列结构或成分，此时可省略 but 或 also，或把二者 都省掉。Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan. （连接主语，谓语与but also后的主语一致）不仅学生们，而且这位老师也反对这项计划。I not only play tennis but also practise shooting. (连接谓语)我不仅打网球，而且练习射击。He plays not only the piano but also the violin. (连接宾语)The child is not only healthy but also lively. (连接表语)这孩子既健康又活泼。We speak English not only in class but also in the dormitory. (连接状语) 我们不仅在教室说英语，而且也在宿舍说。Not only does the sun give us light but also it gives us heat. (连接句子，前一分句用部分倒装，后一分句不倒装)太阳不仅给我们光，而且它还给我们热。例练11 补全句子(2013江西高考作文) 它不仅可以让我们接近大自然，使我们远离繁重的学习从而得到放松，还可以增进(promote)我们之间的友谊。Not only did it get us close to nature and give us relaxation from heavy school work, it also promoted the friendship among us.For each Olympics, a special village is built for them to live in, a main reception building, several stadiums for competitions, and a gymnasium as well. 每届奥运会都会有一个特殊的村庄(奥运村)供参赛的人住，一个主要的接待大楼，好几个供比赛用的体育场，还有一个室内体育馆。(P10)点12 as well 考查热度 表示“也；又 ；还”，常用作状语，相当于too或also，常位于句末，无须用逗号与句子分开。I not only play the guitar，I sing as well（I also sing ）. 我不但弹吉他，而且还演唱。I am going to London and my sister is going as well (going，too). 我要到伦敦去，我妹妹也要去。拓展 (13教材解读P36)as well as连接两个主语时，谓语与它前面的主语保持一致。注意啦(13教材解读P37)例练12 Mr. Zhang does well in singing and he is good at gymnastics _.A. either B. as well C. but also D. neither【点拨】句意:张先生的确唱得很好，他也擅长体操。as well表示“也，还”。either“或者”，指两者中的一个；but also “也”,但不放在句末；neither也不。根据句意，选B。 Does anyone want to host the Olympic Games? 会有人承办奥运会吗？(P10)点13 host 考查热度 (1)vt. 做东；主办；招待(13教材解读P34)Havent you hosted a foreign boss before? 你以前从来没招待过外国老板吗？No, I am a green hand at this。没有，我在这方面是新手。(2) n.主人；东道主；主持人At the end of the party, we thanked our host and went away. 宴会结束时,我们谢了主人后便回家去了。As the host of 2008 Olympic Games, China has offered the best present for the audiences around the world.2008年奥运会，中国作为东道主国家，为全世界的观众送上了一份最好的礼物。I am host of a live radio programme. 帮你记host(男主持人，男主人)+ess (女性)hostess (女主持人，女主人)我是一个电台直播节目的主持人。例练13 Rio de Janeiro of Brazil will _ the 2016 Summer Olympic Games.Awin Bhost Csolve Dearn【点拨】句意: 巴西的里约热内卢将举办2016年夏季奥运会。win赢得， 获胜；host作动词用意为“主办”；solve解决；earn赚取。根据句意选B。 Its a great responsibility but also a great honour to be chosen. 被选中不仅要承担巨大的责任同时也享有极大的荣誉。(P10)点14 responsibility 考查热度 “n.责任，职责”，作“责任，义务”时为可数名词；作“责任感，责任心”时为不可数名词。on ones own responsibility 主动地，由某人自己负责take.responsibility for/of sth. 对某事承担的责任(13教材解读P35)He did the good deed on his own responsibility.他主动做了那件好事。Its my fault and I will take the responsibility for/of this matter. 是我的错，我愿对这件事负责。(13教材解读P35)拓展duty n.责任，职责；义务Its our duty to protect the saplings. 保护树苗是我们的责任。Everyone should be responsible for his work. 每个人都应对自己的工作负责。例练14 In the 21st century, all nations must take their _ for the global safety.A. identity B. responsibility C. possibility D. quality【点拨】句意:在21世纪，所有国家都必须为全球的安全负责。take responsibility for/of sth. 对负责。identity身份；possibility可能性；quality质量。故选B。 So even the olive wreath has been replaced！就连橄榄枝花环也被取代了！(P10)点15 replace 考查热度 “取代；替换；代替；把放回原处”，replace sb./sth相当于take the place of sb./sth或take sbs/sths place。replace. with/by. 以代替；用取代(13教材解读P35)拓展take place 发生; 举行，进行take the place of sb. 代替某人，介词短语Great changes have taken place in our hometown during the past few years. 过去的几年我们家乡发生了很大的变化。(13教材解读P35)例练15 If someone can no longer walk, scientists might be able to use stem cells to _ the damaged cells, thus allowing him to walk again. A. rescue B. remove C. reserve D. replace【点拨】句意：如果有人不能行走了，科学家就可能使用干细胞来替换受损的细胞，从而使他重新行走。replace 替换，代替；rescue 救援；remove 移除，移动，搬开；reserve 预订。故正确选项为D。Learning about Languagebargain【要点解读】duty to be in charge and get in tourble if things to wrong如果出现问题，有负责和介入麻烦事的责任 (P12)点1 charge 考查热度(1). vt.&vi.收费；控诉；指责；谴责； charge sb. with sth./doing sth. 指控/谴责某人某事/做了某事(13教材解读P40)(2)n.费用，要价；主管，掌管，责任in charge of表主动in the charge of表示被动意思哟！注意啦(13教材解读P40)拓展out of question 没问题out of the question 不可能in place of 代替in the place of 在的位置上Could I have a look at your mobile phone?我可以看看你的手机吗？Out of question! 没问题！Its out of the question to leave the country without a passport.没有护照是不可能离开一个国家的。We use gas in place of coal in cooking.我们用煤气代替煤做饭。The traffic accident happened in the place of Lorraine. 交通事故发生在洛林这个地方.例练1What can I do for you, sir?Id like to see the manager _of sales department.A. in the charge B. in charge C. takes charge D. charges【点拨】句意: “我能为您做些什么吗，先生？” “我想见一下负责销售部的经理。” 根据句子结构与句意，可知空格后的成分是作定语修饰the manager的，所以,空格处可以填介词短语或宾语从句，而不能用谓语动词。介词短语in charge与of一起表示“负责，掌管”符合题意。A项与of结合表示被动的意思，不合题意；C、D两项都作谓语，也不符合句子结构。故选B项。special hall for physical exercise 健身的专用大厅(P12)点2 physical 考查热度 adj.物理的；身体的(13教材解读P40)拓展I am very interested in physics, chemistry and mathematics.我对物理、化学和数学很感兴趣。 He is physically unfit for this kind of work. 他干这种工作身体不行.例练2 We know playing computer games for long time can harm ones _ health. A. regular B. magical C. physical D. reliable 【点拨】句意:我们知道长时间玩电脑游戏对我们的身体健康有害。physical health指的是身体健康。regular 定期的; magical; 魔术的; reliable可靠的。故选C。If you are discovered, you will be fined.如果被发现，你就会被罚款。(P13)点3 fine 考查热度vt.&n. 罚款；adj.美好的；杰出的；健康的；（天）晴朗的It is a fine sport to sail in a boat. 驾着小舟游览是很好的娱乐.(13教材解读P41) She gave birth to a fine healthy baby. 她生了一个健康可爱的婴儿.A fine day is a good chance