陕西省咸阳市高考英语二轮阅读理解精英训练精品题（2）.doc

陕西省咸阳市2014高考英语二轮阅读理解精英训练精品题（2）及答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a,b,c和d)中， 选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。【山东省济南市2014高考英语一模试题】 aamerican lamar baylor spends most of his time in new york city, working as a performer in the broadway musical the lion king. but since 2011, he has also spent weeks in kigali, the capital of rwanda. there, he teaches dance to boys who live on the street. his teaching is part of an effort by the rebecca davis dance company. the project helps young people learn more about dance and learn how to behave in a classroom environment.lamar baylor describes his students as genocide (种族屠杀) survivors. they have lost all of their families, some even have been in prison. “they have been through things that no one should ever have to go through,” said baylor. dance classes provide the children with structured learning and self-expression that theyve never had before. they can also take classes in information and technology after they have learned to attend classes and follow directions.boys who have done best in the classes win scholarships, and are sent to the sunrise boarding school. about 30 boys have won this kind of financial aid. all the students are male, because few girls in rwanda live freely on the street.the rwanda program is the largest one set up by the rebecca davis dance company, founded and directed by rebecca davis. ms. davis has also set up dance programs in bosnia-herzegovina and guinea. about 2,000 children in the three countries have taken part in the project since it was launched in 2010.as for lamar baylor, he knows from his own experience how dance can lead to a better life. he is from camden, new jersey. camden has sometimes been called americas poorest and most dangerous city. mr. baylor says that growing up in camden, it took a long time for him to find out what he wanted to do. he now thanks dancing saved his life.what do we know about lamar baylor according to the text?he spends most of his time in rwanda.he is director of the musical the lion king.he himself grew up in a poor environment.he started the rwanda program on his own.it can be learned from the text that the children in rwanda .have gone through tough timeshave committed violent crimesworked hard to win scholarshipforced mainly on dancing in how many countries are the dance programs launched?two b. threec. fourd. fivewhich of the following is true of the dance project?most children participating in it were boys.the project could date back to the year 2010.in is aimed to improve the kids dancing skills.it has gained much support from the world.what can be the main idea of the text?dance offers street children path to education.the largest dance project was set up in guinea.education is important to street children.where you grow up decides what you are.【参考答案】4145 cabba【北京市东城区2014高考英语调研检测题】d boredom and creativitymost of us think of being bored at work as a negative experience, but a new study suggests it can have positive results including an increase in creativity because it gives us time to daydream.that is the finding of dr. sandi mann from the university of central lancashire. dr. mann conducted two studies. in the first experiment, 40 people were asked to carry out a boring task. they were told to copy numbers out of a telephone directory for 15 minutes. after that they were asked to complete another task. a pair of cups were given to each of them. everyone tried to come up with different uses of the cups, and was given a chance to display their creativity. meanwhile, another group of 40 people were just asked to come up with uses for the cups without doing any boring tasks before. it turned out that the 40 people who had first copied out the telephone numbers were more creative than the control group(对照组). to see if daydreaming was a factor in this effect, a second boring task was introduced that allowed even more daydreaming than the boring writing task. this second study saw 30 people copying out the numbers as before, but also included a second group of 30 reading rather than writing them.again the researchers found that the people in the control group were least creative, but the people who had just read the names were more creative than those who had to write them out. this suggests that more passive boring activities, like reading or perhaps attending meetings, can lead to more creativity. compared with reading, writing reduced the scope（范围） for daydreaming. as a result, it reduces the effects of boredom on creativity.dr. mann says: “boredom at work has always been seen as something to be avoided, but perhaps we should accept it in order to promote our creativity. what we want to do next is to see what the practical implications of this finding are. do people who are bored at work become more creative in other areas of their work - or do they go home and write novels?” 67. who proved to be the most creative in the two studies?the people who attended meetings. the people who did the reading task. the people who invented uses for cups. the people who copied telephone numbers. 68. the studies conducted by dr. mann indicate that creativity results from _. creative taskscontrolled activitiesthe range of daydreamingreading and writing ability69. what is dr. manns attitude towards boredom at work? positive. skeptical. subjective. disapproving. 70. what will dr. mann probably continue to research in their study? the real causes of creativity. the actual use of boredom. the practical reasons of boredom. the writing ability improved by boredom. 【参考答案】67b 68c 69a 70b阅读理解- (2011海淀第二学期期末，c)job sharing refers to the situation in which two people divide the responsibility of one fulltime job. the two people willingly act as parttime workers, enough hours between them to fulfill the duties of a fulltime worker. if they each work half the job, for example, they each receive 50 percent of the jobs wages，its holidays and its other benefits.job sharing differs from conventional(常规的) parttime work in that it occurs mainly in the more highly skilled and professional areas, which require higher levels of responsibility and employee commitment.job sharing should not be confused with the term work sharing，which refers to increasing the number of jobs by reducing the number of hours of each existing job, thus offering more positions to the growing number of unemployed people. job sharing, by contrast, is not designed to address unemployment problems; its focus, rather, is to provide wellpaid work for skilled workers and professionals who want more free time for other activities. as would be expected, most job sharers are women. a survey carded out in 1988 by britains equal opportunities commission showed that 78 percent of sharers were female, the majority of whom were between 20 and 40 years of age. subsequent studies have come up with similar results. many of these women were reentering the job market after having had children，but they chose not to seek parttime work because it would have meant lower status. job sharing also offered an acceptable shift back into fulltime work after a long absence.the necessity of close cooperation when sharing a job with another person makes the actual work quite different from conventional oneposition jobs. however，to ensure a greater chance that the partnership will succeed, each person needs to know the strengths, weaknesses and preferences of his or her partner before applying for a position. moreover, there must be a fair division of both routine tasks and interesting ones. in sum, for a position to be jobshared well, the two individuals must be well matched and must treat each other as equals.本文讲述了“job sharing”这一新的工作形式的特征及其要求。9in what way is work sharing different from job sharing?a. work sharing requires more working hours.b. work sharing is aimed at creating more jobs.c. work sharing provides a more satisfactory salary.d. work sharing depends on the employers decision.答案：b。事实细节题。由第3段首句中的“work sharing, which refers to increasing the number of jobs.”可知which引导的定语从句修饰work sharing，由此推出答案。10according to paragraph 4, young mothers preferred job sharing to conventional parttime work mainy because _.a. they sought higher social statusb. they were over ideal working agesc. they had difficulty finding fulltime jobsd. they had to take care of both work and family答案：a。推理判断题。由第4段倒数第2句可推知这些年轻妇女们选择job sharing这一工作形式是为了寻求更高的社会地位。故选a。11in job sharing the partners should _.a. enjoy equal social status b. have similar work experiencec. keep in touch with each other d. know each other very well答案：d。事实细节题。由尾段后半段的内容可知d项正确。12the main purpose of the passage is to_.a. describe job sharing in generalb. discuss how to provide more jobsc. recommend job sharing to womend. compare job sharing with work sharing答案：a。主旨大意题。总览全文可知本文旨在大体上描述“job sharing” 这一工作形式。故选a。阅读理解-(2011合肥第二次质检，d)you are busy filling out the application form for a position you really need；lets assume you once actually completed a couple of years of college work or even that you completed your degree. isnt it tempting to lie just a little, to claim on the form that your diploma (文凭) represents a harvard degree? or that you finished an extra couple of years back at state university?more and more people are turning to an utter deception (欺骗)like this to land their first job or to move ahead in their careers. for personnel officers, like most americans, value degress from famous schools. a job applicant may have a good education anyway, but he or she assumes that chances of being hired are better with a diploma from a wellknown university. registrars(学籍管理员)at most wellknown colleges say that they deal with dishonest claims like these at the rate of about one per week.personnel officers do check up on degrees listed on application forms. it turns out that when an applicant is lying, most colleges are unwilling to accuse the applicant directly. one ivy league school refers to them as “special cases”. one wellknown west coast school, in perhaps the most delicate phrase of all, says these claims are made by “no such people”to avoid complete lies，some job seekers claim that they “attended” or “were associated with”a college or university. after careful checking, a personnel officer may discover that “attending” means being dismissed after one semester. it may be that “being associated with” a college means that the job seeker visited his younger brother for a football weekend. one school that keeps records of false claims says that the practice dates back at least to the turn of the centurythats when they began keeping records, anyhow.if you dont want to lie or even stretch the truth, there are companies that will sell you a fake diploma. one company, with offices in new york and on the west coast, will put your name on a diploma from any number of nonexistent colleges. the price begins at around twenty dollars for a diploma from “smoot state university”. the prices increase rapidly for a degree from the “university of purdue”. as there is no smoot state and the real school in indiana is properly called purdue university, the prices seem rather high for one sheet of paper.因为人事部门的官员们更看重名校学历，因此人们常常为谋求一份好工作和职位而造假。13the writer mainly wants to tell us that _.a. college degrees can now be purchased easily b. nowadays it is very hard for people to find jobsc. lying about college degrees is becoming a widespread problemd. employers are no longer interested in applicants actual performances答案：c。主旨大意题。总览文章可知c项为本文主旨。14as used in the first line of the second paragraph，the word “utter” means _.a. thorough b. carefulc. imcomplete d. spoken 答案：a。词义猜测题。由第二段第一句中的关键词deception(欺骗)及其后的解释“学历造假”，再结合文章主旨可推出a项正确。thorough彻底的。15once finding applicants with false diplomas, most colleges would _.a. keep the records of themb. drive them out of collegec. avoid direct conflicts with themd. accuse them of such behaviors 答案：c。推理判断题。由第三段中的“.most colleges are unwilling to accuse the applicant directly”和下面给出的例子可推断出c项正确。16we can learn from the passage that _.a. us employers value their job applicants with a degree from top universitiesb. university of purdue and purdue university are the same schoolc. people with fake diplomas can get their first jobs in us easilyd. people pay the same price for a fake diploma from different universities 答案：a。事实细节题。由第二段第二句“for personnel officers, like most americans, value degrees from famous schools.”可知a项正确。由尾段可知b、d错误；c项在文中没有信息支持。高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项-bpeople who enjoy a dream-filled sleep are better at recalling information and making links between facts when waking. but recharging with a shallow (小睡) offers no such mental improvement, the research suggests. the results of the study added to the growing body of evidence that rapid eye movement (rem) sleep is very important to the brains ability to form strong memories.an average nights rest includes four or five spells of rem sleep, but these bursts tend to be lengthier towards the end of the night. this means adults getting less than the recommended seven to eight hours a night - and therefore inadequate rem sleep - may be damaging their minds ability to memorize: although rem sleep is not classified as a type of deep sleep, it is only reached after the brain has passed through deep sleep stages.in the recent study, participants were shown groups of three words - such as “cookie”, “heart”, and “sixteen”-and asked to find another word that can be associated with all three words. they were tested once in the morning and then given the same task again in the afternoon. in between, some were allowed a nap with rem sleep, some a nap without rem sleep, while the others had a quiet rest period. the quiet rest and non-rem sleep groups didnt improve, but the rem sleep group improved on their morning performance by an average of almost 40 per cent. dr sara mednick, a sleep researcher at the university of california who led the study, believes the formation of connections between previously unassociated information in the brain oc