八下1-4单元知识点.docx

一单元第一页1. Whats the matter?=Whats wrong?=Whats the trouble?怎么了2. Have a sore throat嗓子疼3. Have a cold感冒4. Have a sore back后背疼5. Have a stomachache胃痛 6.have a fever发烧7.too many太多（修饰可数名词） too much太多（修饰不可数名词）太（修饰形容词）much too第一单元第二页1. 躺下lie down2. hot tea with honey加糖热茶3. get an X-ray 拍片 put some medicine on it敷药在上面4. take ones temperature量体温 take breaks休息5. hurt伤着。（及物动词）Dont hurt him.疼（不及物动词）My head hurts. 伤到自己hurt oneself6. sound like+句子听起来像7. I sat in the same way for too long without moving.我相同的方式做得太长时间没有动第一单元第三页1. 打某人的脸 /眼睛hit sb in the face/eyes 2. 打某人的鼻子/头hit sb on the nose/head3. see an old man lying on the side of the road4. shout for help喊救命 think twice再三考虑5. without doing没有做某事6. go off it 下车 go on it上车7. to ones surprise 使某人惊讶 be surprised to do惊讶的做某事8. expect sb to do期待做某事9. agree to do同意做某事 11.thanks to多亏了，由于12.in time 及时 on time按时13.right away 马上 14.have a heart problem 有心脏病一单元第四页1.看牙医 see a dentist 2 some advice 一些建议（建议不可数）3.have colds 感冒 4.fall down摔倒 fall down from=fall off5,lie down and rest 躺下休息 6.get some rest得到休息8. Did you hurt yourself playing soccer?你在踢足球时伤到自己了么？一单元第五页1. 把绷带放上面Put a bandage on it 在水下冲洗Run it under water2. 休息几天Rest for a few days 把头低下Put your head down3. 把头转过去Put your head back4. 按压你鼻子两侧Press the sides of your nose5. 有人鼻子出血Someone had a nosebleed6. 有人头部受伤 Someone got hit on the head 7. ill只能做表语 She is ill. 8. sick 可以做表语，也可以做定语修饰名词 She is ill./She is a sick girl. 一单元五课时第六页1.做某事有困难have problems in doing=have trouble in doing=havedifficulty in doing2.have problems breathing呼吸困难3,get hit by a ball被球击中4.get sunburned被晒伤5,look up the words in the dictionary字典里查字典6.write down写下7.be interested in doing/n.=take an interest in doing/n.对。感兴趣8.take risks of doing take a risk of doing冒险做。at the risk of at risk9.get/be used to doing习惯于。10because of 因为+名词或代词 because因为+加句子11.He found himself in a very dangerous situation when climbing. before/after/When+doing12.use sth to do用。做13,be caught被压14hope to do 希望做某事 hope +从句15.用光run out(主语是事物) run out of 主语是人16.准备。be ready to do/be ready for sth17.cut off切除 插话cut in cut up切碎18.save ones own life挽救某人自己的生命19.so that 为了 sothat如此。以至于。20.tell of 描述 21.the importance of doing做某事的重要性22.make a decision做决定23.be in control of 掌管24.be in difficult situation在困难的情况下25,a book called一本叫。的书 called=named=with the name of26. 死亡die（动词） death （名词） dead （形容词） dying（现在分词）27.think about it考虑它28.mean to do打算做mean doing意味着meaning意思Whats the meaning of?=What doesmean?=What do you mean by.?。是什么意思？29.keep on doing 继续做某事（有间隔）Keep doing继续做某事（无间隔）Keep sb doing让某人继续做某事Keep sb from doing阻止某人做某事30.血（不可数）blood a drop of blood一滴血 bloody有血的31.free 动词：解放 形容词：自由的，免费的，空闲的32.介意做某事mind doing33,give up doing放弃做。 give it up放弃它二单元一课时第九页第十页1. cheer sb up使高兴2clean up打扫 clean it up clean-up n. 打扫 3.could (1) 是 can的过去式:He could swim when he was 5. (2) could+动词原形，语气比can委婉。“能”的意思 Could you help me?4.give out=hand out分发 give out food分发食物 hand in收give out 发出（光，热，声，味）The sun gives out light and heat to the earth.give out用光，耗尽：Our supplies（供给） gave out.5.在食物银行at the food bank6.volunteer (1)名词，志愿者。I want to be a volunteer. (2)动词, volunteer to do 自愿做某事:He volunteered to clean up the room.7.in the hospital在医院（工作） in hospital在医院（生病）8.plan （1）动词 planning planned Plan to do 计划做某事 （2）名词 make a plan制定计划9.a City Park Clean-Up Day城市公园清洁日10.想出come up with.=think up 想出 catch up with 赶上 追上come up with an idea想出一个主意 come up 走近过来，顺便拜访come over , come out出来，开花，出版 come on加油，过来10.tell sb about .告诉某人关于某事11.from now离现在 two weeks from now离现在两周12.put off延期 （1）+名词 （2）延期做某事put off doing13.put up signs张贴标语 put out熄灭，伸出 put away收好put on穿上 put down放下，记下 put up张贴，搭建put ones heart into 用心去做 put into 把.译成 . put back放回原处，把钟拨慢14.call up打电话 make a telephone call 打电话15.notice（1）公告牌，通告 （2）注意 notice sb doing注意某人正在做。 notice sb do注意某人经常做。 （3）notice+从句二单元二课时第十页1. need一、作情态动词 1.need作情态动词无人称或数的变化， 后接动词原形，多用于否定句和疑问句中。如:You neednt worry.你不必担心。 2.由need引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用must或have to;否定答语常用neednt. 如: -Need I answer the question? 我需要回答那个问题吗? -Yes, you must. /Yes, you have to.是的，你必须回答。/是的，你得回答。/No, you neednt.不，不必了。3.由must引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must,否定答语用neednt或dont have to。如: -Must I do the work now? 我必须现在干这个活吗? -Yes, you must /have to.是的，你必须做。/No, you neednt /dont have to. 不，你现在不必做。 二、作实意动词 need 有人称和数的变化， 后面可接名词、代词、动名词及带to 的动词不定式;可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句中，如:She needs help.她需要帮助。I dont need to see the doctor.我不需要看病。-Do you need to go at once? 你需要马上走吗? -Yes, I do.是的，我得马上去。-No, I dont.不，不用马上走。2. a plan for the City Park Clean-Up Day为了城市公园清洁日的计划3. 在老年之家in an old peoples home4. used to do /be意思是过去常常做.get/be used to doing 指的是习惯于做. They got used to living in the countryside他们已习惯于住在农村。 be used to do sth 被用来做某事5. alone(1)副词 adv. 单独；独自 =by oneself; She went home alone. 她独自回家去了。(2)副词 adv. 仅仅；只有 =only He alone can do it. 只有他才能做这件事。(3)形容词 adj. 单独的 He is alone. 他独自一人。6.lonely：形容词比较级： lonelier 最高级： loneliest (.1 )形容词 孤独的；寂寞的 I was alone,but I did not feel lonely. 我虽然孤单，但我不感到寂寞。 (2) adj偏远的；人迹罕至的 They went to a lonely place in the mountains. 他们到了山中寂寞的地方。6. care for+名词/代词/doing。照顾 look after=take care of7. things like reading. like 后接doing:像。7.each 每个 各自的 强调第一个人或事物的个别情况 常与of 连用 every 每个 每一个的 一切的 则有“全体”的意思不能与of 连用8. help sb. (to) do 帮助某人做某事 help him (to) study help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 help him with English9. help sb. out 帮助做事，解决难题(摆脱困境) I cant work out this math problem. Please help me out. 我不能算出这道数学问题，请你帮我解决。10.several（1）数个的:several days later（2）做代词Several of the students were absent. 有几个学生缺席11.at an animal hospital12 I believe him（=I believe what he says）我相信他（的话）。I believe in him（=I trust him ）我相信他是一个可以信得过的人。（即：我信任他）Believe相信 believe in信任，信仰13.困难的工作 hard work 工作努力work hard14.learn more about how to care for animals.15.I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction.16.the look of joy on their owners faces.17.in satisfaction 满意地 使满意satisfyHe smiled in satisfaction .18.own: of ones own意思是 自己 The car is of my own=It is my own car.own可以是动词.拥有 的意思 比如： He owns the house.他拥有着幢房子。 19.joy n. 欢乐，快乐；乐趣；高兴vi. 欣喜，欢喜vt. 高兴，使快乐 He jumped with joy when he heard the good news. 当他听到这一好消息时高兴得跳了起来20.such/sosuch 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副 词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many，few，much， little连用，形成固定搭配。 so + adj. such + a(n) + n. so + adj. + a(n) + n. such + n. (pl.) so + adj. + n. (pl.) such +n. (pl.) so + adj. + n. 不可数 such +n. 不可数She is such a nice girl that our teacher likes her very muchShe is so nice a girl that our teacher likes her very much她真是个好女孩，我们的老师很喜欢她。二单元三课时1.在四岁时at the age of four=when sb was four2.try out for参与选拔 try out for a volunteer参与选拔志愿者3.课后阅读项目after-school reading program 4.go on a different journey进行一次长途旅行5.Volunteering here is a dream come true for me.对于我来说志愿的梦想成真。6.I can do what I love to do。我能做我爱做的事。7.at the same time同时8. go on to do继续做另外的事情，例如: Go on to do the other exercise after you finish this one. 做完这个练习题后，接着做另一个练习题。 go on doing接着做同一件事情，例如: After a short break, I go on doing my homework. 在短暂的休息后，我继续做作业。二单元四课时1.make some signs to put up around the school制作标语，张贴在学校周围2.忙于做be busy with be busy doing3.try doing 尝试做某事 try to do努力做某事试一试have a try4.the book sale售书 homeless people无家可归的人5.give out the money from the sale to homeless people.give out捐赠8. 担心做某事be worried about doing9. less lucky 不太幸运10. raise money for为。筹钱11. stop doing停止做原来的事stop to do停下来做另一件事stop sb from doi ng阻止某人做某事12. run out of 用完，耗尽 （主语是人）run out 用完，耗尽 （主语是事物） 12.take after 在性格或长相方面与父母相象13.fix up 修理 fix it up 修理 它14give away 捐赠 I gave away my bike to a childrens home. 15.be similar to 与.相似16,break out爆发17 for ，破损的broken二单元五课时1.write a letter to sb=write to sb给某人写信2.Here is a letter for you3.give money to把钱给4,thanks for doing=thank you for doing因。而感谢5.set up建立 be set up被建立6.残疾人disabled people7.make it possible for sb to do使做某事成为可能8.make a big difference to 对。有影响make no difference to 对。没有影响9.imagine+名词/代词/doing/宾语从句10.answer the telephone接电话11，a friend of mine/名物代/名词所有格12.a trained dog一只经过训练的狗13.be excited about +n/doing对。感到兴奋be excited to do14.change变化，可数名词。 不可数名词：零钱Great changes have taken place since 1990.15.send sth to sb = send sb sth把。寄给。发射send up send for派人请16.给他命令give him orders17.kindness名词，善良18.after six months of training with a dogtrain sb/sth to do 训练。做当不及物动词时train=exercise train火车 a training center a trained dog19 be strong in +名词/代词/doing20.work out fine=work out well奏效21.针对家长的热线电话中心a call-in center for parents22.for sure 确实如此，毫无疑问23.no longer = not any longer 指时间上不再延续。 no more = not any more 指动作上不再延续。八年级下册三单元17,18页1. could you please do sth.? 你能吗？/ 请你干好吗？2 do the chores 做杂务 3. do the dishes 洗餐具4. sweep the floor 清扫地板5. take out the rubbish倒垃圾 不可数rubbish get out取出，拔出 take out of.从。取出6. make ones bed 铺床 7. fold ones clothes 叠衣服8. clean the living room 清扫客厅 9. stay out late 晚归 10. come over 过来11.出去吃午饭go out for dinner 12. get a ride 搭车 13. use ones computer 使用某人的电脑14. hate sth. / hate to do sth. / hate doing sth. 讨厌某事/做某事like to do (doing) sth 15. work on 从事，忙于 work on the computer16.帮助某人某事help out with sth 17.finish doing 完成做某事18、Could I at least finish watching this show? 我能至少看完这个节目吗 至少at least19.Two hours of TV is enough for you两个小时的电视对你足够了20 be back=come back=return回来21,in a mess 杂乱 He made a mess in his room.22.Mother will be back from shopping any minute now.妈妈将随时购物回来。 any minute now 随时19，20页知识点1.get/be angry with sb跟某人生气 2.解决问题solve the problem3.throw down my dog扔下我的狗 4，遛狗take the dog for a walk=walk the dog5.the minute=the moment=as soon as一。就。（主将从现）The minute I sit down in front of the TV,my mom will come over.6.在家帮忙help out around the house7.all the time 一直=always 8.as .as和。一样9.白天all day 10.be tired of厌倦。11.neither did I =me neither =I didnt,either我也不neither+助动词/情态动词/be +人称 也不12.hang out闲逛 13.borrowfrom sb 借（向里借） lend to sb借（向外借）. 21,22,23页知识点 1,invite sb to +地点邀请某人去 invite sb to do 邀请某人去做 2.a waste of time 浪费时间 3,get good grades取得好成绩4.spend (in) doing 花时间做。 spend on sth 5.in order (not)to do 为了（不）做 6.在压力下under the stress of7.there is no need for sb to do 对某人来说做。没有用8.provide sth for sb/ provide sb with sth提供某人某物9.依靠depend on 10.be always doing总是做某事11.公正性这一概念the idea of fairness 12.do ones part in doing 参与做某事13.不知道I have no idea= I dont know14.作为结果as a result as a result of the snow 15.take care of照顾16.越。就越。 the + 比较级+其他 ,the+ 比较级+其他 17,be independent of不依赖 18.发展孩子的独立性develop childrens independence 19.发展中国家 a developing country发达国家a developed country development发展（名词）20.It is +形容词 for sb to do （形式主语）对某人来说做某事。 八下第四单元25页1. allow doing允许做某事 We dont allow smoking here. allow sb to do允许某人做某事 The doctor allowed him to take a walk every day. allow sth允许某事 She should allow it. be allowed to do 被允许做某事 Passengers are not allowed to smoke in the bus.2.get into a fight with sb与某人吵架/打架=fight with sb与某人打架=have a fight with sbfight cancer与癌症作斗争2. hang out闲逛3. get enough sleep睡足够的觉4. do things I like做我喜欢的事5. after-school classes课后班6. go to sleep去睡觉7. talk with/to sb与某人交谈 talk about sth谈论某事He talked about his plan.8. 为什么不。？Why dont you+动词原形？=Why not +动词原形？26页1.call sb up 给某人打电话 call on号召，呼吁2.收到某人的信hear from sb=receive a letter from3.take sb to带某人去4.on the phone用电话5.surprise sb使某人吃惊6、be good at擅长be good to对。友好be good for对。有益处be good with善于与。相处7.浏览look through8.its not a big deal没什么大事 a great deal of大量（修饰不可数）9.希望事情好起来Hope things work out.10.give sth back to sb=return sth to sb还回某物返回come back=return=go back11有虽然，没但是。或者有但是，没虽然。Although we were tired,we didnt lose the game.We were tired,but we didnt lose the game.27页1. 与某人相处get on with sb=get along with sb与某人相处得好get on well with sb=get along well with sb2. 与某人争吵argue with sbargue about sth就某事争论 争吵（名词）argument3. elder brother哥哥4. refuse to do拒绝做某事5. instead of sth/doing/.代替。（句中）6. 无论什么whatever=no matter what7. Its like a big,black cloud h