Linux下Apache+Tomcat负载均衡(一机多实例).doc

LINUX 下配置Apache+Tomcat负载均衡（一机多实例） （1）解压安装1）安装JDK#./jdk-6u10-rc-bin-b28-linux-i586-21_jul_2008-rpm.bin运行后会显示一大篇协议，按空格跳过。看到最后出现yes时输入yes回车确认。添加JDK的环境变量用文本编辑器打开/etc/profile，在文件的最后添加以下内容：JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_10CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/libPATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/binexport JAVA_HOME CLASSPATH PATH保存退出，然后注销一次或运行：source /etc/profile命令使系统环境变量生效。确定环境变量生效后可以终端中运行：java -version命令测试是否安装成功。java version 1.6.0_10-rcJava(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_10-rc-b28)Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 11.0-b15, mixed mode, sharing)若出现以上文字那么JDK已经OK了。2）安装apachear -zxvf httpd-2.2.16.tar.gz程序解压后得到名为：httpd-2.2.16的文件夹。继续运行以下命令：cd httpd-2.2.16./configure -prefix=/usr/local/apache -enable-modules=so -enable-mods-shared-all -enable-proxy -enable-proxy-connect -enable-proxy-ftp -enable-proxy-http -enable-proxy-ajp -enable-proxy-balancermakemake install3）配置apache文件修改apache的配置文件httpd.confvi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf命令进行编辑。 DirectoryIndex index.html index.jsp找到#Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf，将前面的注释符#去掉。在文件的最后添加以下内容并保存：ProxyRequests Off BalancerMember ajp:/localhost:8009 loadfactor=2 route=jvm1 BalancerMember ajp:/localhost:8010 loadfactor=2 route=jvm2 BalancerMember ajp:/localhost:8011 loadfactor=2 route=jvm3BalancerMember ajp:/localhost:8012 loadfactor=2 route=jvm3修改apache的配置文件httpd-vhosts.conf该文件所在路径为：/usr/local/apache/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf将文件中以下内容注释掉：# ServerAdmin # DocumentRoot /usr/local/apache/docs/# ServerName # ServerAlias /url# ErrorLog logs/-error_log# CustomLog logs/-access_log common# ServerAdmin # DocumentRoot /usr/local/apache/docs/# ServerName # ErrorLog logs/-error_log# CustomLog logs/-access_log common#在文件末尾添加以下内容并保存： ServerAdmin ServerName localhost ServerAlias localhost ProxyPass / balancer:/RHEL5-1/ stickysession=jsessionid nofailover=On ProxyPassReverse / balancer:/RHEL5-1/修改apache的配置文件httpd-info.conf SetHandler server-status Order deny,allow# Deny from all Allow from all# ExtendedStatus controls whether Apache will generate full status# information (ExtendedStatus On) or just basic information (ExtendedStatus# Off) when the server-status handler is called. The default is Off.#ExtendedStatus On# Allow remote server configuration reports, with the URL of# urlhttp:/servername/server-info/url (requires that mod_info.c be loaded).# Change the . to match your domain to enable.# SetHandler server-info Order deny,allow# Deny from all Allow from allSetHandler balancer-manager Order deny,allow# Deny from all Allow from all（2）配置Tomcat先在/usr/local目录中建一个名为tomcat的文件夹，然后在终端中运行：tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-6.0.20.tar.gz程序解压后得到名为：apache-tomcat-6.0.20的文件夹，将它复制四份到/usr/local/tomcat目录并重命名为tomcat6-1、tomcat6-2、tomcat6-3、tomcat6-4、进入tomcat6-1目录，修改conf目录下的server.xml文件（以下两个项目不变） 找到文件中这一行，将它改为：说明：这里的jvmRoute的值必须对应于httpd.conf文件中最末添加的route的值。接着在刚才修改的那一行下添加以下内容并保存：- - - 将保存后的server.xml文件复制一分到tomcat6-2/3/4的对应文件夹下替换掉原文件。并打开修改下面几处：分别对应修改端口，不要冲突就可以了，另外ajp端口一定要对应上httpd.conf中配置的端口（3）启动服务先启动各tomcat：/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat6-1/catalina.sh run/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat6-2/catalina.sh run/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat6-3/catalina.sh run/usr/local/tomcat/tomcat6-4/catalina.sh run再启动apache：/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd start打开浏览器，通过来访问一下，应该就会出现大家熟悉的猫猫了。然后再分别用:8080 :8081:8082:8083来访问一下，它们显示的内容应该是和一样的，这样就说明apache和tomcat整合成功！（4）给tomcat增加管理用户（有时间的话分别给tomcat下conf文件下user.xml中添加管理员用户。）(5)最后完工，重启tomcat,apahce测试平衡负载，新建测试目录test和test.jsp页面%Runtime lRuntime = Runtime.getRuntime();out.println(* BEGIN MEMORY STATISTICS *);out.println(Free Memory: +lRuntime.freeMemory()/1024/1024+M);out.println(Max Memory: +lRuntime.maxMemory()/1024/1024+M);out.println(Total Memory: +lRuntime.totalMemory()/1024/1024+M);out.println(Available Processors : +lRuntime.availableProcessors()+);out.println(* END MEMORY STATISTICS *);%分别放入到tomcat的ROOT目录中测试测试session复制修改测试项目test修改test.jsp,内容如下Cluster App TestServer Info:%out.println(request.getLocalAddr() + : + request.getLocalPort()+);% out.println( ID + session.getId()+); / 如果有新的 Session 属性设置 String dataName = request.getParameter(dataName); if (dataName != null & dataName.length() 0) String dataValue = request.getParameter(dataValue); session.setAttribute(dataName, dataValue); out.print(Session 列表); Enumeration e = session.getAttributeNames(); while (e.hasMoreElements() String name = (String)e.nextElement(); String value = session.getAttribute(name).toString(); out.println( name + = + value+); System.out.println( name + = + value); % 名称: 值: 然后在test 新建WEB-INF目录，WEB-I