浙江省杭州市高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解（基础）演练（2）.doc

浙江（杭州市）2016高考英语阅读理解二轮（基础）演练（2）【2016模拟题】 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。winter vinecki began running at age five, but got serious in 2015 after her father died of cancer thats when she decided to honor his memory by running a marathon on every continent before her 15th birthday.scope: team winter is an organization you founded to raise money for cancer research. how did it get started?winter: at first, team winter was formed to fight childhood obesity. when i was 8, i ran a race and raised $1,100 for that cause. but less than a year later, my dad got cancer. i knew i had to do something to help. when i started, my goal was to raise $10,000. ive raised well past that almost $500,000.scope: what goes through your mind when you run?winter: when im having a hard time during a race, i think about my dad. if he could deal with the pain of cancer, i can deal with any type of pain. he was a very friendly person. he was always smiling and very happy even when he had cancer.scope: is your age ever an obstacle in your races?winter: ive been turned down by race directors who wont let anyone younger than 16 or 18 compete. but diana nyad, the first person to swim from cuba to florida without a shark cage, told me, “never let them tell you it cant be done.” from then on i knew my age wasnt the problem.scope: youve probably inspired lots of people too.winter: ive heard about kids doing projects like me. once in a restaurant, a boy came up to my mom and me and told us his dad had cancer too. now hes competing in running for his dad. hearing stories like that helps keep me going.1. what do we know about team winter?a. it always holds different races. b. its final goal is to raise $500,000.c. it was named after winters father. d. it was to help obese children at first.2. when winter has a hard time during a race, what keeps her going? a. her fathers illness. b. her fathers success.c. her fathers bravery. d. her fathers kindness.3. winters words in the last paragraph tell us that _.a. she sets a good example for others b. she hopes others will do what she doesc. the boy wants to join team winter d. the boy invites her to compete with him(个人情况)本文是应用文。文章是对15岁马拉松选手winter vinecki的访谈。1. d。细节理解题。根据第一部分问答的at first, team winter was formed to fight childhood obesity可知，winter创建team winter的最初目的是为肥胖儿童筹集善款。2. c。推理判断题。根据第二部分问答可知，如果winter在比赛中遇到困难，她会想到父亲总是微笑地面对病痛。故正是父亲在病痛面前表现出的勇敢让winter在困境中继续前进。3. a。推理判断题。从最后一部分问答的kids doing projects like me以及男孩为帮助父亲参加比赛的举动可知，winter为他人树立了良好的榜样。由 (2013四川绵阳高三第二次诊断)改编up to 90% of school leavers in major asian cities are suffering from myopia short-sightedness, a study suggests. researchers say the “extraordinary rise” in the problem is being caused by students working very hard in school and missing out on outdoor light.eye experts say that you are short-sighted if your vision is blurred(模糊的) beyond 2m. it is often caused by an elongation (拉抻)of the eyeball that happens when people are young. according to the research, the problem is being caused by a combination of factorsa commitment to education and lack of outdoor light.professor morgan who led this study argues that many children in south east asia spend long hours studying at school and doing their homework. this in itself puts pressure on the eyes, but exposure to between two and three hours of daylight helps maintain healthy eyes.cultural factors also seem to play a part. across many parts of south east asian children often have a lunchtime nap. according to professor morgan they are missing out on natural light to prevent short-sightedness.a big concern is the numbers of the students suffering from “high” myopia. one in five of these students could experience severe visual impairment(障碍)and even blindness. these people are at considerable risksometimes people are not told about it and are just given more powerful glasses-they need to be warned about the risk and given some self-testing measures so they can get to an ophthalmologist and get some help.for decades, researchers believed there was a strong genetic component to the condition. but this study strongly suggests an alternative view. “any type of simple genetic explanation just doesnt fit with that speed of change; gene pools just dont change in two generations. whether its a purely environmental effect or an environmental effect playing a sensitive genome, it really doesnt matter, the thing thats changed is not the gene pool-its the environment.”13.as is mentioned above ,which factor mainly results in students myopia in south east asia?()a.genetic faults of the people.b.elongation of the eyeball.c.the shortage of outdoor light.d.lack of research into the problem.14.which of the following statements do you think agrees with professor morgan?()a.a lunchtime nap is helpful in reducing myopia.b.glasses keep myopia from getting even worse.c.its necessary to treat myopia with an operation.d.its of vital importance to reduce educational pressure.15.whats the main idea of the last paragraph?()a.gene remains the main cause of the long-standing problem.b.the environment is to blame for the extraordinary rise in myopia.c.short-sightedness has nothing to do with changes in gene pools.d.an environmental effect playing a sensitive genome counts.16.whats the best way to take care of your eyes according to the passage?()a.equip the classroom with better lights.b.look at the sun from time to time.c.do eyes exercise regularly.d.spend more time in the open air.语篇解读:调查显示,亚洲主要城市中90%的毕业生都是近视眼,造成这一情况的原因有遗传因素,但主要是外在环境,如学生花费在学习上的时间太多和严重缺乏户外的自然光导致的。答案及剖析:13.c细节理解题。由第三段可知,东南亚的很多孩子在学校花费在学习上的时间太多,这本身就给眼睛造成很大的压力,但是白天接触2-3个小时的自然光会保持眼睛的健康,由此可知这些近视眼的孩子严重缺乏户外的自然光,故选c项。14.d推理判断题。由第三段和第四段的内容可知,孩子们得不到可以防止近视的自然光,这是因为他们有太多的作业要做,学习任务太重,故减少教育压力至关重要。15.b主旨大意题。由该段的内容可知,几十年来,人们认为导致近视眼的主要因素是基因,但最新的研究表明导致孩子们近视眼的关键因素是环境,故选b项。16.d推理判断题。由第三段的“exposure to between two and three hours of daylight helps maintain healthy eyes”可知,让眼睛沐浴户外的自然光可以保持眼睛的健康,那么保护眼睛的最好方法就是多在户外活动,故选d项。【疑难词汇解读】 1.environmental adj.环境的we must take action to reduce environmental pollution.我们必须采取行动减少环境污染。2.miss out on错过,遗漏she married young and felt that she was missing out on life.她结婚早,因此觉得自己错过了享受生活的机会。【长难句子分析】eye experts主语say谓语that you are short-sighted宾语从句if your vision is blurred(模糊的) beyond 2m.宾语从句眼睛专家说,如果超过两米你就视线模糊的话,你就近视了。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。job sharing refers to the situation in which two people divide the responsibility of one fulltime job. the two people willingly act as parttime workers, enough hours between them to fulfill the duties of a fulltime worker. if they each work half the job, for example, they each receive 50 percent of the jobs wages，its holidays and its other benefits.job sharing differs from conventional(常规的) parttime work in that it occurs mainly in the more highly skilled and professional areas, which require higher levels of responsibility and employee commitment.job sharing should not be confused with the term work sharing，which refers to increasing the number of jobs by reducing the number of hours of each existing job, thus offering more positions to the growing number of unemployed people. job sharing, by contrast, is not designed to address unemployment problems; its focus, rather, is to provide wellpaid work for skilled workers and professionals who want more free time for other activities. as would be expected, most job sharers are women. a survey carded out in 1988 by britains equal opportunities commission showed that 78 percent of sharers were female, the majority of whom were between 20 and 40 years of age. subsequent studies have come up with similar results. many of these women were reentering the job market after having had children，but they chose not to seek parttime work because it would have meant lower status. job sharing also offered an acceptable shift back into fulltime work after a long absence.the necessity of close cooperation when sharing a job with another person makes the actual work quite different from conventional oneposition jobs. however，to ensure a greater chance that the partnership will succeed, each person needs to know the strengths, weaknesses and preferences of his or her partner before applying for a position. moreover, there must be a fair division of both routine tasks and interesting ones. in sum, for a position to be jobshared well, the two individuals must be well matched and must treat each other as equals.本文讲述了“job sharing”这一新的工作形式的特征及其要求。9in what way is work sharing different from job sharing?a. work sharing requires more working hours.b. work sharing is aimed at creating more jobs.c. work sharing provides a more satisfactory salary.d. work sharing depends on the employers decision.答案：b。事实细节题。由第3段首句中的“work sharing, which refers to increasing the number of jobs.”可知which引导的定语从句修饰work sharing，由此推出答案。10according to paragraph 4, young mothers preferred job sharing to conventional parttime work mainy because _.a. they sought higher social statusb. they were over ideal working agesc. they had difficulty finding fulltime jobsd. they had to take care of both work and family答案：a。推理判断题。由第4段倒数第2句可推知这些年轻妇女们选择job sharing这一工作形式是为了寻求更高的社会地位。故选a。11in job sharing the partners should _.a. enjoy equal social status b. have similar work experiencec. keep in touch with each other d. know each other very well答案：d。事实细节题。由尾段后半段的内容可知d项正确。12the main purpose of the passage is to_.a. describe job sharing in generalb. discuss how to provide more jobsc. recommend job sharing to womend. compare job sharing with work sharing答案：a。主旨大意题。总览全文可知本文旨在大体上描述“job sharing” 这一工作形式。故选a。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。you are busy filling out the application form for a position you really need；lets assume you once actually completed a couple of years of college work or even that you completed your degree. isnt it tempting to lie just a little, to claim on the form that your diploma (文凭) represents a harvard degree? or that you finished an extra couple of years back at state university?more and more people are turning to an utter deception (欺骗)like this to land their first job or to move ahead in their careers. for personnel officers, like most americans, value degress from famous schools. a job applicant may have a good education anyway, but he or she assumes that chances of being hired are better with a diploma from a wellknown university. registrars(学籍管理员)at most wellknown colleges say that they deal with dishonest claims like these at the rate of about one per week.personnel officers do check up on degrees listed on application forms. it turns out that when an applicant is lying, most colleges are unwilling to accuse the applicant directly. one ivy league school refers to them as “special cases”. one wellknown west coast school, in perhaps the most delicate phrase of all, says these claims are made by “no such people”to avoid complete lies，some job seekers claim that they “attended” or “were associated with”a college or university. after careful checking, a personnel officer may discover that “attending” means being dismissed after one semester. it may be that “being associated with” a college means that the job seeker visited his younger brother for a football weekend. one school that keeps records of false claims says that the practice dates back at least to the turn of the centurythats when they began keeping records, anyhow.if you dont want to lie or even stretch the truth, there are companies that will sell you a fake diploma. one company, with offices in new york and on the west coast, will put your name on a diploma from any number of nonexistent colleges. the price begins at around twenty dollars for a diploma from “smoot state university”. the prices increase rapidly for a degree from the “university of purdue”. as there is no smoot state and the real school in indiana is properly called purdue university, the prices seem rathe