河北省唐山市开滦第二中学高中英语 Unit3 inventors and inventions 第5课时导学案 新人教版选修8(1).doc

河北省唐山市开滦第二中学高中英语 unit3 inventors and inventions 第5课时导学案 新人教版选修8【学习目标】过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语【学习内容】1.作定语(1)作定语时,如果过去分词是单个词,一般放在名词前;如果是过去分词短语,要放在名词后,表示主语的状态或已完成的动作。we will go on with our experiment as soon as we get the added fund.只要得到补偿金,我们就继续做我们的实验。the girl is reading a novel written by hanhan.这个女孩正在读韩寒写的一本小说。(2)过去分词作定语与所修饰的名词有动宾关系或逻辑上的主谓关系时,表示被动或完成,也可以转换成相应的定语从句。the broken window(=the window which was broken)will be replaced soon.破损的窗户很快就会被换掉。they wanted to cut through the fallen trees(=the trees that had fallen).他们想锯断倒下的树。温馨提示:过去分词作定语时与定语从句的关系:及物动词的过去分词可改为动词为被动形式的定语从句。lost timetime which is losta well-known writera writer who is well known部分不及物动词的过去分词作定语时可改为动词为完成式或动词为表示状态的定语从句。retired workersworkers who have retireda learned mana man who is of much learninga sunk shipa ship which has sunk2.作表语过去分词作表语,表示主语的状态,且该状态通常是由外界因素引起的。这时过去分词可以被看作是一个形容词,是形容词化的过去分词。常用来作表语的过去分：interested,excited, bored, tired, delighted, discouraged ,astonished ,worried , frightened等。其中系动词有包括be在内的多种形式。i was very disappointed at the news that our team had lost.听到我们队失利的消息我很失望。gone are the days when the chinese people were looked down upon.中国人受歧视的日子一去不复返了。3.作宾补(1)能够接过去分词作宾补的动词有以下三类:表示感觉或心理状态的动词或词组。如:see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, find等。i heard the song sung in english.我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。he found his hometown greatly changed.他发现他的家乡变化很大。表示“致使”意义的动词。如:have, make, get, keep, leave等。ill have my hair cut tomorrow.明天我要理发。he got his tooth pulled out yesterday.他昨天把牙拔了。 表示“希望”、“要求”意义的动词,如:like, order, want, wish, expect等用“vt.+宾语+(to be)+pp”。i would like this matter(to be) settled at once.我希望此事立刻得到解决。i wish my homework(to be)finished before five oclock.我希望5点前完成我的作业。温馨提示:过去分词作宾补时,过去分词所表示的动作一定和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。(2)过去分词作宾补时,要注意几种情况。使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况。a.过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成。i had my computer repaired yesterday.我昨天找人修了电脑。(别人做)b.过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历则表示一种遭遇或经历。he had his leg broken.他的腿断了。(自己的经历)过去分词在原句中作宾补时,如果原句变为被动语态,那么过去分词就在新句中作主补了。the big fire is reported controlled.据报道这场大火已经得到控制。the meeting room was found thoroughly cleaned and everything was arranged in good order.人们发现会议室被彻底打扫了,一切都布置得井井有条. 【课后作业与练习】.用所给动词的适当形式填空1.what is the language_(speak) in that country?2.i would like to see the problem_(solve) at once.3.all the people _(invite) to the conference will be arriving at nine oclock tomorrow.4.when will you get your hair _(cut)short?5.he raised his voice to make himself _(hear) above the noise.单项填空1.friendship is like money easier made than_.a. kept b. to be keptc. to keeping d. being kept2.dont use words, expressions or phrases only _to people with specific knowledge.a. being known b. having been knownc. to be known d. known3.mrs.white showed her students some old maps _from the library.a. to borrow b. to be borrowedc. borrowed d. borrowing4.the repairs cost a lot, but its money well _.a. to spend b. spentc. being spent d. spending5.the living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already_ for a meal to be cooked.a. laid b. layingc. to lay d. being laid6.lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues_ with her stories.a. amused b. amusingc. to amuse d. to be amused7.a great number of students _said they were forced to practice the piano.a. to question b. to be questionedc. questioned d. questioning8.john rushed out in a hurry ,_the door_.a. leaving; unlockedb. leaving; unlockingc. left; unlocking d. to leave; unlocking9.it was so large a room that a hundred people looked _in it.a. losing b. lostc. to lose d. having lost10.with_leaves_in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer.a. falling; burying b. fallen; buriedc. fallen; burying d. falling; buried11.after completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the _envelope . (2012山东) a. providing b. providedc. having provided d. provide12.before driving into the city, you are required to get your car_ .(2012四川)a. washed b. washc. washing d. to wash13_in the fields on a march afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.ato walk bwalkingcwalked dhaving walked14_ by a greater demand for green products，the food company has set higher standards to ensure the quality.adriven bbeing driven cto drive dhaving driven15.afte he became conscious, he remembered _and_on the head with a stone.ato attack；hit bto be attacked；to be hitcattacking；be hit dhaving been attacked；hit16. a good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left_.aunsatisfied bunsatisfyingcto be unsatisfying dbeing unsatisfied17lets meet at the progress cinema at 700 pm.ok! oh, dont forget _ the film tickets in advance. the film is very popular.ato buy bbuyingcto have bought dhaving bought18.one learns a language by making mistakes and _ them.a. corrects b. correct c. to correct d. correcting 19. alexander tried to get his work _ in the medical circles.a. to recognize b. recognizing c. recognize d. recognized20.you cant accept an opinion _to you unless it is based on facts.a. offering b. offered c. having offered d. to offer 21. in some languages, 100 words make up half of all words _ in daily conversations. a. using b. to use c. having used d. used22.when we saw the road _ with snow, we decided to spend the holiday at home.a. block b. blocked c. to block d blocking23.the managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _the next year