Unit 5 教案-新世纪大学英语第二册.doc

Zooming In: An Integrated English Course (Book IV)新世纪大学英语第四册 Unit 5 Fame and SuccessLecturer: Cai Jie 蔡 洁Classes: 注会11401 （53）Teaching Objectives:1. To understand the proper attitude towards fame and success.2. Grasp the key words, phrases and structures.Teaching Contents1. Lead-in activities2. Text Organization (Text A)3. Language points ( key words, phrases and difficult sentences)4. Grammar Focus ( the usage of infinitives)5. Guided Practice (Listening practice ,oral practice and written exercises)Teaching Focus1. Infinitive2. Usage of language points and expressions3. Understanding of the textTime Allotment:1st period2nd period3rd-4th periods5th-6th periods7th-8th periodsSection1: warming upand Topic discussionSection 2: Listening practiceSection 3: Reading 1 lead-in and theme analysis Section 4: Reading 1 (questions and group- discussion, structure; Section 5: Reading 1 (Useful expressions and difficult sentences;) Section 6: After reading discussionReview & Word Formation &ExercisesTeaching Methods:l Explanationl Group discussionl Questions and answersl Multi-medial PerformanceTeaching Procedure:1.Warm-up Activity1) Discuss and DebateStep OneDirections: Some people say, “Fame is like a double-edged sword.” What is your opinion? Work in pairs or groups and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of being famous.Step Two:Directions: You are required to have a class debate on whether fame does us more good than harm. Divide the class into two groups with opposite views.2) Quotes about fame and success.1 There is no such thing as genius; it is nothing but labour and diligence.世间无所谓天才，它仅是刻苦加勤奋。2 Success belongs to the persevering.胜利属于坚韧不拔的人。3 Fame like a river is narrowest at its source and broadest afar off.名誉如河流，发源处最狭，愈远愈宽广。4 I have not failed. Ive just found 10,000 ways that wont work.Thomas Edison , American inventor我并没有失败。我只是发现了行不通的一万种方式。 美国发明家 爱迪生. T.2.Text OrganizationPart I ( Para1-2): Fame enslaves the person who pursues it because when he/she becomes famous, he/she will not only attract the publics attention, but also has to work and live in line with the publics expectations. He/she then becomes the slave of his/her own success.Part II ( Para3-4): For those who look for fame, failure is not necessarily a bad thing, especially for those who fail to perform well enough, because people tend to be more tolerant towards and sympathetic with them.Part III ( Para5): Though fame brings disadvantages to those who achieve it, people still seek fame for various reasons.Part IV ( Para6): It is better to take a critical attitude towards fame.3. Language PointsA. Words and Expressions1) (L.1 introduction) publicity: n. public notice or attentione.g 她的新剧作获得广泛宣传。 (=Her new play has attracted a lot of publicity.)Collocations:gain/get/receive publicity 取得名气；引人注目seek publicity 追求名气avoid publicity 避免引人注目extensive/wide publicity 广为宣传2) (L.2 introduction) accompany: vt. go with someone or to be provided or exist at the same time as something*Warships will accompany the convoy.3) (L.4 introduction) adverse: a. having a negative or harmful effect on somethinge.g 他的健康因气候影响而严重受损. (=His health was adversely affected by the climate.)cf. adverse, opposite & contrary 这些形容词均含“相反的，对立的”意思。adverse 通常指违害利益的、不友好的等，侧重分歧。opposite 指位置、方向、行动或想法等完全相反。 contrary 一般指与某种主张、看法或行为等正好相反，隐含否定一方并不意味着肯定另一方的意味。 (Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary.1. _ to popular opinion, I dont dye my hair! (contrary) 2. They received a lot of _ publicity/criticism about the changes. (adverse)3. His political position is _ to ours. (opposite)4. Shes turned out to be the exact _ of what everyone expected. (opposite)5. The match has been cancelled due to _ weather conditions. (adverse)6. My father is a very calm person, but my mother is just the _. (opposite)7. _ to all our expectations, hes found a well-paid job and a nice girlfriend. (Contrary)4) (L.1 Para.1) chase: v. follow rapidly in order to catche.g 他追赶窃贼却未捉住。(He chased (after) the burglar but couldnt catch him.)Patterns:chase after fame 追求名望chase out of 把赶出5) (L.4 Para.1) ironic: a. using or expressing irony; full of ironye.g 发生这样的事情颇有讽刺意味。(=This is a very ironic(al) thing to happen.)NB: ironic 是irony 的形容词形式，也可写为 ironical，其副词形式为ironically, 意为“说反话地, 讽刺地”。6) (L.10 Para.2) style: n. a way of doing something, especially one which is typical of a person, group of people, place or periode.g 典型的英国生活方式 (=a typically British style of living)Patterns:the latest style 最新款式in style 华丽地，时髦地lack style 缺乏风度7) (L.14 Para.2 ) portrait: n. a painting, photograph, drawing, etc. of a person or, less commonly, of a group of peoplee.g Shes commissioned an artist to paint her portrait/paint a portrait of her.Collocations:make/paint a portrait 画肖像pose/sit for ones portrait 摆好姿势让人画像a family portrait 全家画像a full-length portrait 全身像8) (L.18 Para.2 ) turn away: refuse to give ones sympathy, help, or support toe.g 你怎么能对一个受虐待的孩子不闻不问呢？(=How can you turn away from the child that is being cruelly treated?9) (L.18 Para.2) momentary: a. lasting for a very short timee.g 瞬间的迟疑(=a momentary hesitation)10) (L.24 Para.3) fortune: n. 1. a large amount of money, goods, property, etc.*She inherited a fortune from her grandmother.2. chance and the way it affects your lifee.g 我们相信命运之神是会眷顾我们的。(=We believe that Fortune is on our side.)cf. fortune, fate & luck这些名词均有“命运”或“运气”之意。fortune 普通用词，指由机会或运气来决定的一种命运，如暗示一种比fate好的运气或一种愉快的未来。fate 较庄严用词，多指不幸的命运，暗示不可避免、令人畏惧和人的意志 无法改变，宿命论色彩较浓。 luck 普通日常用词，指好的或坏的运气，多指好运气，有时也指成功或愉 快的结局。 (Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the words above. 1. He seems to have had a lot of bad_ in his life. (luck)2. We want to decide our own _. (fate)3. Her_ varied but she never lost courage. (fortunes)4. It was just _ that I asked for a job at the right time. (luck)5. He had the (good) _ to train with some of the worlds top athletes. (fortune)6. His _ is now in the hands of the jury. (fate)7. A stroke of _has fallen to him. (luck)11) (L.25 Para.3) sympathy: n. (an expression of) understanding and care for someone elses sufferinge.g 他怀着恻隐之心, 留那些无家可归的孩子过夜。(=Out of sympathy for the homeless children he gave them shelter for the night.)12) (L.27 Para.3) expectations: n. when you expect good things to happen in the future*I have high expectations for this job.(=His parents have great expectations for his future.)Collocations:beyond ones expectations 出乎意料地have high/great expectations for 对的厚望fall short of expectations 辜负期望 13) (L.30 Para.3 ) inability: n. lack of ability to do somethinge.g 这些显示出地方政府在解决能源问题上的无能。(=These show the inability of local government to come to grips with the energy problem.)NB: nability的意义是“无能，没办法，无力”， 而“disability”的含义是“限制，不利的条件，不健全“，尤指由于身体或智力受损而阻碍或限制正常发展For example:她虽然身有残疾, 却是个游泳好手。(=She swims well despite her disabilities.)14) (L.33 Para.3) privacy: n. someones right to keep their personal matters and relationships secret*The new law is designed to protect peoples privacy. Collocations:disturb ones privacy 打扰他人的私生活an invasion of ones privacy 侵犯某人的隐私权in privacy 私下15) (L.37 Para.4 ) motivate: vt. make someone want to do something well*Teaching is all about motivating people to learn.16) (L.41 Para.4 ) launch: v. begin sth. such as a plan or introduce sth. new such as a producte.g 她大学毕业后决定开始新的生活。(=She decided to launch out on her own after college.)Patterns:launch into 开始launch against/at 向发射17) (L.55 Para.5) target: n. one or more people who are criticized or laughed at, or who experience unpleasant treatment from otherse.g 大使馆是恐怖分子攻击的明显目标。(=The embassy is an obvious target for terrorist attacks.)Patterns:aim at a target 瞄准目标hit a target 击中目标18) (L.57 Para.5) reputation: n. the opinion that people in general have about sb. or sth.*He earned/established/gained/acquired a reputation as an entertaining speaker.Collocations:have a reputation for 以出名ruin sbs reputation 败坏某人的名誉establish/build up/make a reputation for 为树立声誉, 博得名声live up to ones reputation 不负盛名 19) (L.60 Para.5 ) demonstrate: vt. show; make cleare.g 她示范最有效的自卫方法。(=She demonstrated how best to defend oneself.)cf. demonstrate, show & display这些动词均含“显示、显露、展现”之意。demonstrate 指明显地表露感情。也指用实例、实验推理等手段表演证明，或论证某一问题。show 最普通用词，泛指任何有意或无意地把东西给别人看的行为。display 多指将某物陈列在显眼之处以便让人发现其优点，侧重有意识地显示。 (Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary.1. I must _ you this new book Ive just bought. (show)2. Family photographs _ on the wall. (were displayed)3. Research _ that babies can recognize their mothers voice very soon after birth. (has demonstrated)4. Its the first time the painting has been _ to the public. (displayed)5. These problems _ the importance of strategic planning. (demonstrate)6. These photographs_ the effects of the chemical on the trees. (show)20) (L.66 Para.6 ) celebrity: n. someone who is famouse.g 谁是伦敦最出名的知名人物?(=Whos the most well-known celebrity in London?)Collocations:social celebrities 社会名流gain celebrity 成名21) (L.68 Para.6) hang on: keep hold of sth.* Hang on tight its going to be a very bumpy（颠簸的）ride.Pattern:hang around 在闲荡hang over 把挂在上22) (L.68 Para.6) for dear life: with the greatest possible effort, especially in order to avoid harme.g 当看到老虎时，我绝望地逃命。 (=I ran for dear life when I saw the tiger.)B. Difficult Sentences1) (LL34 Para 1) Fame and the publicity that accompanies it, force the famous person to participate in his or her own destruction.Q: Paraphrase this sentence.(=When a person becomes famous, he or she will not only attract the public attention, but also work and live in line with the public expectations. This may put an end to his or her talent. )Q: Translate this sentence into Chinese.（=声誉以及随之而来的名气迫使名人陷入穷途末路。）2) (LL1516 Para 2) The artist becomes the slave of his or her own success because of the public demands. Q: Paraphrase this sentence.(=In order to meet the needs of the public, the artist is no longer the master of himself or herself.)Q: Translate this sentence into Chinese.(=由于公众的要求，艺人竟变成了自己功名的奴隶。)3) (L22 Para 3) as good as his or her press. Q: What does “as good as his or her press” mean?(=as good as what the newspapers say about him or her.)Q: Translate this part into Chinese.(=自己的成就当真和新闻报道的一样大。)4) (LL3335 Para 3)all excuses, but comforting to those who fail and those who pretend not to notice the failure.Q: Write the completed sentence.(=All these are excuses, but they are comforting to )Q: Translate this sentence into Chinese.(=所有这些都是借口，但对失败者或假装不关心自己失败的人来说，却是安慰。)5) (LL3941 Para 4)Thomas Wolfe, the American novelist, had his first novel Look Homeward, Angel rejected 39 times before it was finally published and launched his career and created his fame.Q: What do you know about the novel Look Homeward, Angel?(= Look Homeward, Angel written by Thomas Wolfe was his first novel, about a young mans burning desire to leave his small town and tumultuous(喧嚣的) family in search of a better life, in 1929. It is a book made out of my life, and his largely autobiographical story about the quest for a greater intellectual life has resonated with and influenced generations of readers, including some of todays most important novelists. Rich with lyrical prose and vivid characterizations, this 20th-century American classic will capture the hearts and imaginations of every reader.Q:Translate this sentence into Chinese.(=美国小说家托马斯沃尔夫的第一部小说安琪儿，往家里看吧！被退稿39次才得以出版，才开启了他的写作生涯并赢得了声誉。)6) (LL4950 Para 4) There are few, if any, famous failures.Q: Why does the author say “there are few, if any, famous failures”?(=There are few famous failures because for most people failure is the end of their struggle, not the beginning. They stopped working hard and gave up halfway.)Q: Translate this sentence into Chinese.(=成名的失败事例即使有，也不多见。)7) (LL5659 Para 5) Fame turns all the lights on and while it gives power and reputation, it takes the you out of you: you must be what the public thinks you are, not what you really are or could be. Q: Paraphrase this sentence.(=While it gives you glamour, fame exposes everything of you to the public. You have to meet the public expectations and fit in the public image. You cant be what you want to be.)Q: Translate this sentence into Chinese.(=声誉把你置于所有的灯光下，一边给你权利和威望，一边把你变得不像你：你必须成为大众心目中的你，而不能是那个真实的你或你可能成为的那个人。)C. Useful phrases and expressions 1) 有一技之长 possess a single talent or skill 2) 获得声誉 gain some popularity 3) 年复一年 year after year 4) 千篇一律的风景或画像 similar scenes or portraits， 5) 自己功名的奴隶 the slave of ones success 6) 把短暂的声誉赐予他人 give the momentary fame to another 7) 赢得忠实的追捧者的高度关注 bring high regard from loyal fans 8) 从他人处获得怜悯 bring sympathy from others 9) 降低期望 lower ones expectations 10) 假装不关心失败 pretend not to notice the failure 11) 激发某人更加努力 motivate sb. to strive even harder 12) 开始某人的职业生涯 launch ones career 13) 被赶出学校 be thrown out of school 14) 以失败为动力，奋发有为 use the failure to motivate sb. to achieve 15) 成为某人的抨击目标 be the target of sb. 16) 将某人置于众人的关注下 turn all the lights on sb.17) 把你变得不像你 it takes the you out of you 18) 在某些方面展示才华 demonstrate excellence in some field 19) 拼命追求声誉和财富 desperately seek fame and fortune 20) 舍命也不要松手 hang on for dear life 4. Grammar Focus( the usage of infinitives)动词不定式是由“to+动词原形”构成 (有时可以不带to)。其否定形式是“not+动词不定式”(not不与助动词连用)。它属于一种非谓语动词的形式，在句子中不能充当谓语，没有人称和数的变化，但它可以保留动词的性质，其本身可以带宾语或状语等附加成分（不定式和其附加成分称为不定式短语）。动词不定式（短语）的句法功能非常广泛，在句中可作主语、宾语、补足语、表语、定语及状语等成分。一、作主语 （1）动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词常常用单数。例如： To do morning exercises is useful for our health. 做早操有利于我们的健康。 To sweep the floor is my duty every day. 每天打扫地板是我的责任。（2）如果动词不定式太长，常常用 it 作形式主语，而将真正的主语动词不定式后置。例如： It took me half an hour to walk there我走到那儿花了半小时的时间。Its important for us to learn English well对我们来说，学好英语是重要的。二、作宾语 （1）能够接动词不定式作宾语的有 ask, agree, beg, decide, determine, fail, hope, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, wish 及 would like/love 等动词，但 finish, enjoy, miss, appreciate, mind, advise, suggest 等动词后面通常只能接动名词作宾语。例如： I hope to visit this place again. 我希望能再度访问此地。 She enjoys reading very much她非常喜欢读书。The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。（2）动词不定式与名等词构成复合宾语时，通常要用 it 作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语动词不定式后置。例如： I think it our duty to obey the laws. 我认为遵守法律是我们的义务。 I found it difficult to see him here. 我发现在这里见到他是很难的。三、作补足语 （1）某些动词在主动式中后接动词不定式作宾语补足语；在被动式中，由于原来的宾语变成了主语，故原来的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语。这类动词常用的有 consider, expect, tell, want, warn, wish，invite等。例如：They told him not to be late again.他们告诉他不要再迟到了。He was told not to be late again. She invited me to have dinner with her yesterday昨天她请我一起进餐。（2）在feel（一感），listen to，hear（二听），let，make，have（三让），look at，see，watch，notice（四看）等词之后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，强调动作的完成过程；它们作被动句的谓语时，to要补上。如：I heard her sing todayShe sang wonderfully今天我听见她唱歌了，她唱得非常精彩。She was heard to sing today今天有人听见她唱歌了。 She is often heard to sing this song（by us）我们经常听见她唱这首歌。四、作状语 动词不定式作状语可表示目的、原因及结果等，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，因此动词不定式作状语往往用主动式。例如： Come to see me again soon. 尽快再来看我。 I trembled to think of it. 我一想到那件事就不寒而栗。 You couldnt do that to save your life. 你即使为了救自己也不能那样做。 (2) only to do sth. 与 only doing sth. 都可作表示结果的状语，区别是：only to do sth. 表示一个与主语愿望相反的或出乎主语意料的结果, 或用来暗示最初的未能实现的动作；only doing sth. 表示谓语动词本身的动作造成的结果。例如： I worked hard, only to fail at last. 我努力工作,结果最后却是失败。 He died, only leaving nothing but debts. 他死了,只留下一身债五、作表语 （1）动词不定式往往放在系动词be（，become, sound, taste 等系动词后面一般不接不定式）的后面作表语，表示将来的情况，说明主语的内容。例如： My wish is to become a teacher我的愿望是当一名教师。Your job today is to clean the playground. 你今天的工作是打扫操场。 （2）如果系动词后的动词说明主语的性质，特征，相当于形容词。这时就要用现在分词作表语，而不用不定式。例如：He said th